Interleaved Buck converter for low power LEDs

Project Proposal
Submitted by

Palugudi Prathibha
130906728

Alok kumar
130906730

Under the guidance of

Divya shetty

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

MANIPAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

(A Constituent College of Manipal University)
MANIPAL 576104, KARNATAKA, INDIA
January 2017

Abstract
With the advancement in technology, the use of DC to DC buck converter
for low power application is emerging.In various power applications microcontrollers, several electronic ICs, laptops, traction signaling, electric vehicles etc.
This concept is used.The proposed DC-DC converter with interleaved technique
can step down a high DC voltage to very low DC voltage with lesser voltage
ripple and low value of inductor and capacitor thus reducing the size. With
conventional buck chopper for converting high voltage to low voltage, very small
duty cycle is required which further adds several limitations on different components and triggering circuitry and requires relatively high values of inductor
and capacitor to insure permissible current ripple and voltage ripple i.e. within
limits. Extremely low voltage can be obtained using proposed topology

Interleaved Buck converter for low power LEDs

1

Introduction

Electrical energy is the most efficient and popular form of energy because it can be use
easily at high efficiency and reasonable cost. The modern society has come to depend
heavily upon continuous and reliable availability of electricity. To meet this demand
more efficient systems and low power applications play a vital role. For low power
applications, Interleaved Buck DC DC converters is introduced.
Interleaving can be thought of as a method of paralleling converters. In a broader
view, interleaving means that N identical converters are connected in parallel and the
current through each switch is dispersed. When each converter provides the same
current as the non-interleaved converter, the output current is N times higher. Therefore,the interleaved dc-dc converter is suitable to the low-voltage/high-current applications.
Therefore,the interleaved dc-dc converter is suitable for low-voltage applications.The
aim is to get low output voltage i.e. 2volts or even lesser. As duty cycle increase from
6% to 50 % the required value of inductor and capacitor get reduced using interleaved
technique. Interleaving adds additional benefits such as reduced ripple currents in
both the input and output circuits.
1.1

Background and Motivation

DC-DC converter is a power electronic circuits which convert a DC voltage from one
voltage to another different voltage level. The DC-DC converter use batteries as supply
voltage and regulates the output voltage to higher or lower than the supply voltage.
There are many types of DC-DC converter such as buck converter, boost converter,
buck-boost converter and others.
The buck converter is very important circuit for electronic devices such as mobile
phones and laptops. The function of buck converter is to step-down a DC power supply
from batteries to a required voltage for the electronic devices.
For low power applications to get the required voltage as output the duty cycle
needs to adjust. As duty cycle increases,the size of capacitor and inductor value get
increases. The main drawbacks of the standard converter come from the high inductor
value necessary to guarantee low output current ripple, which result in high inductor
losses and rough switching waveforms at the semiconductors.

1.2

Objectives
To design interleaved buck converter for low power LEDs
To analyse the performance of the converter through simulations using LTspice
To develop prototype of an interleaved buck converter

Literature Review

Interleaved DC to DC buck converter for low power application

Nowadays, there is a trend to go for high switching frequencies to reduce the size
and weight of the converter. However, as the switching frequencies increases, there
will be of effect switching loss, noise, and stress associated with turn on and turn off
of the switch.This will reduce the efficiency of the system.
The above paper helps in understanding how to reduce the size of filter component
by using Interleaved buck converter technique.[1]
A study of Modeling and Simulation for Interleaved Buck Converter.
Good stability, robustness, fast dynamic response and equal current distribution
were achieved using buck converter; at the same time the specification of the automotive standards were respected. Nevertheless, its application to a Voltage Regulator Module (VRM) is straightforward and it can be easily extended to cover other
topologies.[2]
Theoretical Design of Compact Multi-phase Interleaved Buck DC-DC Converter
for Automotive Power Applications
Multiphase interleaved topology is adopted to prevent much heat generated in
devices and large voltage ripple in the load. Ceramic capacitors will be used to replace
electrolytic capacitors in order to meet the requirement of long life-time.[3]
2.1

Problem Statement

A buck converter is mainly used in power electronic devices such as mobile phones and
laptops to step-down a DC supply voltage to meet its own voltage level requirement
of the devices component. As the switching frequency increase, it will reduce the size
of both the inductor and capacitor to make output ripple both decreases. So, a higher
switching frequency will result a better efficiency for the devices. However, there
is a limitation of the conventional buck converter. The trade-off for high switching
frequencies is increased power loss in the switches which means more heat will be
produced and resulting efficiency to become lower. To overcome this problem An
interleaved buck converter is proposed.
2

Methodology
1. Phase 1: To design interleaved buck converter for low power LEDs.
2. Phase 2: To analyse the performance of the converter through simulations using
LTspice.
3. Phase 3: To develop prototype of an interleaved buck converter

Plan of work
Table 1

Duration/Time

Plan of work

Plan of work

Plan of work

Plan of work

January

Project proposal

Literature review

Literature review

Synopsis

February

Analysis

Design

Simulation

Simulation

March

Hardware

Hardware

Midterm

Hardware

April

Project Exhibition

Report

Report

Final presentation

Project Details
Student Details:
Student Name:

Palugudi prathibha

Register Number:

130906728

Section / Roll No

Section:A; 57

Email Address :

prathibha035@gmail.com

Phone No (M):

9916898593

Section / Roll No

Section:A; 58

Student signature:
Student Name:

Alok kumar

Register Number:

130906730

Email Address :

alokrajaryan005@gmail.com Phone No (M):

9972904454

Student signature:
Project Details:
Project Title:

Interleaved Buck converter for low power LEDs

Project Duration

15 weeks

Project Start Date 09-01-2017

Organization Details:
Organization Name:

Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal

Dept of Electrical & Electronics Engg,

Full postal address : MIT Manipal, Manipal 576 104,

Karnataka State, INDIA
Guide Details:
Guide Name:

Divya Shetty
Dept of Electrical & Electronics Engg,

Full postal address : MIT Manipal, Manipal 576 104,

Karnataka State, INDIA
Email address:

divya.shetty@manipal.edu

Guide/s signature:

References
[1] Nirmal, P. K. Jain, and A. Kumar. Interleaved dc to dc buck converter for low
power application. In 2015 International Conference on Energy, Power and Environment: Towards Sustainable Growth (ICEPE), pages 15, June 2015.
[2] M. A. Shrud, A. Kharaz, A. S. Ashur, M. Shater, and I. Benyoussef. A study
of modeling and simulation for interleaved buck converter. In 2010 1st Power
Electronic Drive Systems Technologies Conference (PEDSTC), pages 2835, Feb
2010.
[3] Yabin Zhang, P. E. Bagnoli, and E. Franchi. Theoretical design of compact multiphase interleaved buck dc-dc converter for automotive power applications. In International Symposium on Power Electronics Power Electronics, Electrical Drives,
Automation and Motion, pages 13241329, June 2012.