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Physics Investigatory Project
Physics Investigatory Project
PROJECT FILE
OF
PHYSICS
Logic Gates combination
for a given Truth Table
A gate is defined as a digital circuit which follows
some logical relationship between the input and output
voltages. It is a digital circuit which either allows a signal to
pass through as stop, it is called a gate.
The logic
gates
are
building
blocks
at
digital
two
values,
such
as
HIGH/LOW,
ON/OFF,
TRUE/FALSE,
PRINCIPLE
LOGIC STATES
1
HIGH
LOW
+ve
-ve
ON
OFF
CLOSE
OPEN
RIGHT
WRONG
TRUE
FALSE
YES
NO
BASIC GATES
THE OR GATE
Aim:
TO DESIGN AND SIMULATE THE OR GATE
CIRCUIT.
Components:
Two ideal p-n junction diode (D1 and D2).
Truth Table:
Input A
Input B
Output Y
Components:
Two ideal p-n junction diode (D1 and D2), a resistance
R.
Truth Table:
Input A
Input B
Output Y
Aim:
TO DESIGN AND SIMULATE THE NOT GATE
CIRCUIT.
Components:
An ideal n-p-n transistor.
Truth Table:
Input A
Output Y
Components:
Two ideal p-n junction diode (D 1 and D2), an ideal n-p-n
transistor.
Truth Table:
Input A
Input B
Output Y
Components:
Two ideal p-n junction diode (D1 and D2), a resistance
R, an ideal n-p-n transistor.
Truth Table:
Input A
Input B
Output Y
Components:
Two AND gate, an OR gate, two NOT gate.
Truth Table:
Input A
Input B
Output Y
Components:
Two AND gate, an OR gate, three NOT gate.
Truth Table:
Input A
Input B
Output Y
Application of OR gate
Wherever the occurrence of any one or more than one event is needed to
be detected or some actions are to be taken after their occurrence, in all
those cases OR gates can be used. It can be explained with an example.
Suppose in an industrial plant if one or more than one parameter exceeds
the safe value, some protective measure is needed to be done. In that case
OR gate is used. We are going to show this with the help of a diagram. The
above figure is a typical schematic diagram where an OR gate is used to
detect exceed of temperature or pressure and produce command signal for
the system to take required actions.
Application of
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Primarily I would thank God for being
able to
complete this project with success. Then I
would like
to thank my physics teacher Mr. Prem Kumar
David , whose valuable guidance has been
the ones that helped me patch this project
and make it full proof success his
suggestions and his instructions has served
as the major contributor towards the
completion of the project.
Then I would like to thank my parents and
friends who have helped me with their
valuable
suggestions and guidance has been helpful
in various
phases of the completion of the project.
Last but not the least I would like to thank
my
classmates who have helped me a lot.
Sai Theagarajan.S.K.
Ex-OR/Ex-NOR gate
These type of logic gates are used in generation of parity generation and
checking units. The two diagrams below shows the even and odd parity
generator circuits respectively for a four data.
With the help of these gates parity check operation can be also performed.
The diagrams below show even and odd parity check.
Figure (a) shows the parity check using Ex-OR gates and the figure (b)
shows the parity check using Ex-NOR gates.
The above figure shows the most fundamental circuit made of ring
configuration to generate square wave oscillator. The frequency of this
type generator is given by
Index
1. CERTIFICATE OF EXCELLENCE
2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
4. INTRODUCTION
5. PRINCIPLE/THEORY
6. BASIC GATES
7. THE OR GATE
8. THE AND GATE
9. THE NOT GATE
10. THE NOR GATE
11. THE NAND GATE
12. THE EX-OR GATE
13. THE EX-NOR GATE
14. APPLICATIONS OF LOGIC GATES
BIBILOGRAPHY
www.google.com
Done by,
Sai Theagarajan.S.K.
Sanjay Raja.M
The end