"PRYING13" --- AISC 13th ED.

PRYING ACTION ANALYSIS PROGRAM

Program Description:
"PRYING13" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis for prying action in
structural steel connections per the AISC 13th Edition (ASD) Code, pages 9-10 to 9-13. Specifically, bolt tension and
bolt shear are checked, and the prying force and required thickness are determined.
This program is a workbook consisting of three (3) worksheets, described as follows:

Worksheet Name

Description

Doc
Prying Action
Allowable Tension Force

This documentation sheet

Prying action analysis for connections per AISC 13th Edition (ASD) Manual
Allowable axial tension force at beam connection from bending due to prying

Program Assumptions and Limitations:

1. The Prying Action worksheet is valid for connections subjected to tension only, or to a combination of tension
and shear.
2. The Prying Action worksheet is only applicable for connection bolt diameters from 1/2 to 1-1/2
3. The Prying Action worksheet is only applicable for ASTM A325 or A490 high-strength connection bolts.
4. The Prying Action worksheet is applicable to connection bolts in bearing with threads included in shear plane
(N) or threads excluded from shear plane (X), as well as bolts in a slip critical connection (SC).
5. The Prying Action worksheet is applicable to connections with either standard or oversized bolt holes.
6. The Prying Action worksheet also takes fatigue effects into account when required to reduce the allowable bolt
tension stress.
7. The Allowable Tension Force worksheet has any applicable assumptions and limitations listed directly below
the tables of values.
8. This program contains numerous comment boxes which contain a wide variety of information including
explanations of input or output items, equations used, data tables, etc. (Note: presence of a comment box
is denoted by a red triangle in the upper right-hand corner of a cell. Merely move the mouse pointer to the
desired cell to view the contents of that particular "comment box".)

"PRYING13.xls" Program
Version 1.0

PRYING ACTION ANALYSIS

For Structural Steel Connections

Per AISC 13th Edition Manual (ASD) - Pages 9-10 to 9-13
Project Name: Mill Monorail Capacity Evaluations
Client: NewPage Corp. - Escanaba
###
Project No.: M0207457
Prep. By: JWB
Date:
6/17/2008
###
Input Data:
###
###
Total Tension Load, Tt = 53.50 kips
###
bf/2=3.56
Total Shear Load, Vt =
0.00
g/2=2
kips
Tensile Strength, Fu =
65
db=0.75
Q=0
ksi
Bolt Diameter, db =
3/ 4
###
in.
ASTM Bolt Desig. =
A325
t=0.715
Bolt Type (N, X, or SC) =
N
A325
Faying Surface Class =
N.A.
A490
T+Q=13.38
Bolt Hole Type = Standard
N
tw=0.43
b'=1.41
a'=1.935
Tributary Length/Bolt, p =
4.000 in.
X
Total No. of Bolts, Nb =
4
SC
b=1.785
a=1.56
bolts
Width, bf = 7.1200 in.
Standard
M2
Thickness, t = 0.7150 in.
Oversized
Thickness, tw = 0.4300 in.
N.A.
Bolt Gage, g = 4.000 in.
Class A
No. of Loading Cycles = 20000
Class B
M1
Results:
a=
a' =
2*T=26.75
=
Check Bolt Tension and Shear:
Ab = *db^2/4
Ab = 0.4418 in.^2
Nomenclature
d' =
=
vb =
0.00
vb = Vt/Nb
kips/bolt
=
fv =
0.00
fv = vb/Ab
ksi
' =
T=
13.38
T = Tt/Nb
kips/bolt
ft =
30.27
ft
=
T/Ab
t(req'd)
=
ksi
Tb =
N.A.
Tb = not applicable for N or X bolts
Calculate Pryi
kips
Fnv =
48.00
tc =
ksi
Fnv = Nominal shear stress for A325-N from AISC Table J3.2, page 16.1-104
=
Fnv' =
48.00
Fnv' = Fnv (no reduction needed for comb. effects)
ksi
Fv =
24.00
Fv = Fnv' / 2
Q=
ksi
ks =
N.A.
ks = not applicable for N or X bolts
Check Allowab
Vb =
10.60
Vb = Ab*Fv
Vb >= vb, O.K.
kips/bolt
At = *(db - 0.9743/n)^2
At = 0.3345 in.^2
Ta =
Fnt =
90.00
ksi
Fnt = Nominal tensile stress for A325 bolts from AISC Table J3.2, page 16.1-104
Fnt' =
90.00
Fnt' = Fnt (no reduction needed for comb. effects
Calculate Req
ksi
Ft =
45.00
Ft = Fnt' / 2, fatigue is not considered)
t(req'd) =
ksi
B=
19.88
B = Ft*Ab
B >= T, O.K.
kips/bolt
Dimensions, in (Table 7-18)
Bolt Dia
###
###
###
###
###
(continued)

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"PRYING13.xls" Program
Version 1.0

###

Calculate Required Thickness:

b = 1.7850 in.
b' = 1.4100 in.
a = 1.5600 in.
a' = 1.9350 in.
= 0.7287
d' = 0.8125 in.
= 0.7969
=
0.667
' = 1.0000
t(req'd) =
0.518
in.

###

b = (g-tw)/2
###
b' = b-db/2
a = minimum of: (bf-g)/2 or 1.25*b
a' = a+db/2
= b'/a'
d' = Nominal hole dimensions from Table J3.3
= 1-d'/p
= (1/)*(B/T-1)
If >= 1: ' = 1, If < 1: ' = lesser of 1 or (1/)*(/(1-))
t(req'd) = SQRT(6.66*T*b'/(p*Fu*(1+*')))
t >= t(req'd), O.K.

Calculate Prying Force, Q:

tc =
=
Q=

0.847
0.000
0.00

in.
kips

tc = SQRT(6.66*B*b'/(p*Fu)) (to develop 'B' in bolts/no prying)

= 1/*((T/B)/(t/tc)^2-1) (Note: 0 <= a <= 1.0)
Q = B****(t/tc)^2 (prying force per bolt at design load)

Check Allowable Bolt Tension with Prying Action:

' =
Ta =

0.2937
17.47

kips

' = 1/(*(1+))*((tc/t)^2-1)
If ' >1: Ta = B*(t/tc)^2*(1+) , If ' < 0: Ta = B
If 0 <= ' <= 1: Ta = B*(t/tc)^2*(1+*')
Ta >= T, O.K.

Calculate Required Thickness to Eliminate Prying Action:

t(req'd) =

0.695

in.

t(req'd) = SQRT(6.66*T*b'/(p*Fu))

Comments:

02/01/2017
09:05:14

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"PRYING13.xls" Program
Version 1.0

PRYING ACTION ANALYSIS

Project Name:
Project No.:

Allowable Axial Tension Force at Beam End Connection

Based on Bending in Clip Angles or End Plate Due to Prying Action
Client:
Prep. By:
Date:

Input Data:
Steel Tens. (Clips/Plate), Fu =
58
ksi
Bolt Diameter, db =
3/ 4
in.
ASTM Bolt Desig. = A325
Bolt Type (N, X, or SC) =
N
Bolt Hole Type = Standard
Tributary Length/Bolt, p = 2.750 in.
Bolt Gage, g = 5.500 in.

Beam
Size
(Depth)
W6
W8
W10
W12
W14
W16
W18

W21

W24

W27

W30

W33

W36

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bf=8+tw
g=5.5

bf=8
g=5.5
t

Nr

Nr
3
3

Lc=4

tw

3
3
tw

###
###
###
###
###
###
###
###
###
###
A325
A490
N

For Clip Angles

For End Plate
5/16
3/8
1/2
5/8
3/4
1/2
5/8
3/4
1
ALLOWABLE AXIAL TENSION FORCE AT BEAM END CONNECTION (kips)
Beam # Bolt t = 5/16'' t = 3/8"
t = 1/2"
t = 5/8"
t = 3/4"
t = 1/2"
t = 5/8" t = 3/4"
t = 1"
Web, tw Rows
Clip
Clip
Clip
Clip
Clip
End
End
End
End
(in.)
(Nr)
Angles
Angles
Angles
Angles
Angles
Plate
Plate
Plate
Plate
0.170
1
4.0
6.0
11.4
19.2
29.2
8.9
13.9
20.1
28.7
0.170
2
8.1
12.0
22.8
38.3
58.4
17.8
27.9
40.1
57.5
0.190
2
8.1
12.1
22.9
38.5
58.7
17.9
28.0
40.3
57.6
2
8.1
12.1
23.0
38.7
58.8
17.2
28.0
40.4
57.7
0.200
3
12.2
18.1
34.5
58.0
88.2
26.9
42.1
60.6
86.5
0.230
3
12.3
18.3
34.8
58.5
88.7
27.1
42.3
61.0
86.9
3
12.3
18.4
35.0
58.9
89.1
27.2
42.5
61.2
87.1
0.250
4
16.5
24.5
46.7
78.5
118.8
36.3
56.7
81.6
116.1
3
12.5
18.6
35.5
59.8
90.0
27.5
43.0
61.9
87.7
4
16.7
24.8
47.3
79.7
120.0
36.7
57.3
82.6
116.9
0.300
5
20.8
31.0
59.2
99.7
150.0
45.9
71.7
103.2
146.1
4
16.9
25.2
48.0
81.0
121.2
37.1
58.0
83.5
117.7
5
21.1
31.5
60.0
101.2
151.6
46.4
72.5
104.4
147.1
0.350
6
25.3
37.7
72.0
121.5
181.9
55.7
87.0
125.2
176.5
5
21.4
31.8
60.8
102.7
152.9
46.9
73.2
105.5
147.9
6
25.7
38.2
73.0
123.3
183.5
56.2
87.9
126.5
177.5
0.395
7
29.9
44.6
85.2
143.8
214.1
65.6
102.5
147.6
207.1
5
21.8
32.4
62.0
104.9
154.9
47.6
74.3
107.1
149.2
6
26.1
38.9
74.4
125.9
185.9
57.1
89.2
128.5
179.1
0.460
7
30.5
45.4
86.9
146.9
216.9
66.6
104.1
149.9
208.9
8
34.8
51.9
99.3
167.9
247.9
76.1
118.9
171.3
238.7
6
26.2
39.0
74.7
126.3
186.3
57.2
89.4
128.8
179.3
7
30.5
45.5
87.1
147.4
217.3
66.8
104.3
150.2
209.2
0.470
8
34.9
52.0
99.6
168.4
248.4
76.3
119.2
171.7
239.1
9
39.3
58.5
112.0
189.5
279.4
85.8
134.1
193.1
268.9
6
26.8
39.9
76.5
129.7
189.2
58.3
91.1
131.2
181.2
7
31.2
46.6
89.3
151.4
220.7
68.0
106.3
153.1
211.4
8
35.7
53.2
102.1
173.0
252.3
77.8
121.5
175.0
241.6
0.550
9
40.1
59.9
114.8
194.6
283.8
87.5
136.7
196.8
271.8
10
44.6
66.6
127.6
216.2
315.3
97.2
151.9
218.7
302.0
6
27.1
40.5
77.8
132.0
191.0
59.0
92.2
132.8
182.4
7
31.7
47.3
90.7
154.0
222.9
68.9
107.6
154.9
212.9
8
36.2
54.0
103.7
176.0
254.7
78.7
123.0
177.1
243.3
0.600
9
40.7
60.8
116.6
198.0
286.6
88.5
138.3
199.2
273.7
10
45.2
67.5
129.6
219.9
318.4
98.4
153.7
221.3
304.1
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"PRYING13.xls" Program
Version 1.0

a' =
=
' =
T=

Notes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Primary use of this table is to quickly determine if clip angles or end plate connection should be used.
W33X169
For double-angle clips, this table assumes 2-L4x3-1/2 angles with long outstanding legs (OSL).
For 3/4" Cl
Total width for double-angle clip connection, bf = 2*4" + min. beam web thickness (tw) = 8"+tw.
Beam Size:
Total width of end plate is assumed to be bf = 8".
Nb =
This table is for axial tension force (transfer force at joint) only. Beam end shear is not considered.
bf =
Check of combined stresses on connection bolts must be done independently.
b=
Forces shown in table are conservative, when based on use of minimum web thickness for given beam size (depth).
b' =
Forces shown in table are "unfactored", i.e., allowable stress increases for wind or seismic are not included.
a=
a' =
=
Prying Action Analysis Formulas:
tc =
' =
Nb = 2*Nr
bf = 2*(4" OSL)+tw , for clip angles
T=
bf = 8" , for end plate
W30X173
b = (g-(2*ta+tw))/2 , for clip angles
For 1/2" En
b = (g-tw)/2 , for end plate
Beam Size:
b' = b-db/2
Nb =
a = minimum of: (bf-g)/2 or 1.25*b
bf =
a' = a+db/2
b=
= b'/a'
b' =
B = 19.88 kips/bolt (for 0.75" A325N bolts)
a=
d' = dh = 0.8125 (for Standard bolt holes)
a' =
= 1-d'/p
=
tc = SQRT(6.66*B*b'/(p*Fu))
tc =
' = 1/(*(1+))*((tc/t)^2-1)
' =
T=
Allowable axial tension force, T:
W27X258
If ' > 1 , T = Nb*(B*(t/tc)^2*(1+))
For 5/8" En
If 0 <= ' <= 1 , T = Nb*(B*(t/tc)^2*(1+*'))
Beam Size:
If ' < 0 , T = Nb*B
Nb =
bf =
b=
b' =
a=
a' =
=
tc =
' =
T=
W24X335

For 3/4" En
Beam Size:
Nb =
bf =
b=
b' =
a=
a' =
=
tc =
' =
T=
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