PNEUMATIC SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION : ADVANTAGES :

-Power system that use compressible air. -Units are reasonable simple and

-Used to powered aircraft instrument, lightweight.

cabin pressurization, anti-icing and -Free from temperature problem.

back-up system. -Air is an inexhaustible supply.

-Difference of pneumatic and hydraulic is

pneumatic use air so it can be compress DISADVANTAGES :

while hydraulic use water so it cannot be -Small leakage is hard to detect.

compress. -Not suitable for heavy working function .

-Does not allowed continuous operation .

HIGH PRESSURE PNEUMATIC SYSTEM MEDIUM PRESSURE :

-Stored in metal bottles. -Working pressure from 100psi to 150psi.

-Working pressure from 1000psi to 3000psi. -Gained air from turbine engine compressor

-Pressure bottle incorporated with 2 valve section.

which are charging and control. -Provide air for engine starting and control

-Cannot be recharge in flight. temperature of air in aircraft cabin .

-Compressor associate powered with electric -Also used for heating the wing from the

motor or aircraft engines. from the ice formation.

LOW PRESSURE :

-Used as back-up instrument.

-Used together with engine driven vacuum pump

to evacuate the instrument case .

-Reciprocating aircraft use air pumps driven by

electric motor to provide airflow to the gyros.

-Two types of vane type pump : - WET : Use steel vane moving in cast iron housing .

- DRY : Use carbon vane and rotors .

RELIEF VALVE : CONTROL VALVE :

-Used as preventing damage component . -Used to control amount of pressure in

-Acts as a pressure limiting units . operating a subsystem .

-At normal pressure,air remains in the pressure line . -Consist of 3 port housing, 2 poppet

-In excessive pressure, the relief valve is opened and valves and a control lever with 2 lobes .

the excess air is exhausted as a surplus air into

the atmosphere.

CHECK VALVE : RESTRICTOR :

-Use both in hydraulic and pneumatic. -Classified as a control valve in pneumatic.

-Only allow one direction of airflow. -Consist of an orifice with a large inlets port

-If air enter in reverse direction, the valve and a small outlet port .

will be closed by the air . -The small outlet port reduces the rate of

airflow and the speed of operation of an

actuating unit .
VARIABLE RESTRICTOR : FILTER :

-Consist of an adjustable needle valve. -Used to protect the system against

-Depend on the direction turned, the needle moves dirt and contaminants .

the sharp point into or out of a small opening to -A micronic filter is a replaceable filter

decrease or increase the size of opening . cartridge and a relief valve .

-This adjustment also control rate of airflow through -A screen filter type is similar with

the restrictor. micronic but has a permanents wire

screen filter .

DESICCANT / MOISTURE SEPARATOR SHUTTLE VALVE :

-Used to collect the water that is in the air on a -Allow pneumatic source to operate

baffle and holds it until the system shuts down. from ground source .

-When the inlet pressure to the separator drops below -Also used to provide emergency

a preset value, a drain valve open and all accumulated pneumatic backup for hydraulic

water is blown overboard . operated landing gear or brake

-An electric heater built at the base of separator to prevent systems .

water from freezing .

PRECAUTIONS IN PNEUMATIC SYSTEM :

-Air compressor lubrication oil should be check daily.

-After oil is added, filter plug should be torque and safety wire is properly installed.

-Pneumatic system should be purged periodically .

-Components should be check for cleanliness.