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PDF2G Optimization
PDF2G Optimization
Optimization covering the following topics:
1 Low signal strength analysis

2 TCH Assignment Analysis
3 Interference analysis
4 SD and TCH congestion analysis
5 SD drop due to other reasons
6 HOSR Analysis
Low Signal Strength Analysis
lets starts todays topic that is Low signal strength analysis . What could be
the probable cause of low signal while you drive or optimize. First see the
following flow chat and try to understand the things
Low Signal strength is one of the reason of drop call. It can
be indicated by many calls disconnected at low signal
strength by subscriber, drop calls due to excessive TA,
poor handover performance and poor call setup
performance.
What could be the probable reasons
Probable Reason
Poor BSC High LOWSSDL & LOWSSUL

Exchange will give more drop reason
Property due to SS and this might not
setting show the actual drop. It is
because drop due to SS is
more priority than Quality.
No dominant Cell might be isolated or

cell standalone.
Antenna tilt & Too much downtilt sometimes

orientation might not cover a larger area
and the subscriber might lose
the SS.
Output Power Low output power might

cause smaller border cell.
Just try to observed what could be the right cause :-
The following procedure should be performed for low

signal strength
analysis:
1Identify the baseline requirement of design and BSC exchange property

(setting for LOWSSUL/LOWSSDL).
2 Check the value for LOWSSDL & LOWSSUL. If it is higher than

ACCMIN, change the parameter to a reasonable value since the drop
reason will be more priority to SS compared to Quality.
3 Check the site position, antenna direction, position etc. This is to

ensure the possible location is open to interference (open water
environment) or isolated. Good map is needed for this.
4 Check if the site is sectorized or Omni. If it is Omni, set the cell into
sectorized cell.
5 Check if the signal strength is uplink or downlink limited. Mostly, It is

designed to be downlink limited.
6 Check the coverage cover expected area from the planet. If it is not,
check the antenna tilt and orientation. Change the direction or tilt if it
is too much downtilt or pointing to a wrong direction.
7 Sometime, low output power might cause low SS. Check output power
and if it is low, increase the output power.
8 8:
9 Check cell whether it has hotspots from drivetests. If found, adding
new site is recommend.
10 In order to check power distribution, run Cell Traffic Recording

(CTR) to that particular cell.
11 10:
12 Check if the cell has indoor coverage problem. If yes, add micro site
instead.
TCH Assignment Analysis

Successful assignments show the number of successful TCH allocations at
call setup.
At unsuccessful assignment, the Assignment Complete message, sent by the
MS, was never received by the BTS.
The formula is defined as:
% TCH = TFCASSALL X 100 %

ASSIGNMENT
SUCCESS RATE
TASSATT
Probable Reason
No dominant The serving cell cannot cope with the

serving cell TCH traffic.
Severe congestion Failing TCH allocation for assignment

on TCH or handover due to congestion
Low signal strength The signal strength might be higher on

for call access the BCCH than on the TCH.
Interference Disturbance on SDCCH or target TCH
Faulty transceiver Faulty equipment
The following procedure should be performed for TCH

Assignment analysis:
1: For TCH assignment success rate, the first thing, check the TCH Time
Congestion.
2: If there is congestion on TCH, it is recommend doing the dimensioning

and adding TRU based on carried TCH traffic demand.
3: If there is no congestion on TCH, check the output power of the BTS. If
the output power is low, increase the output power.
4: If the output power is ok, check the faulty BTS by extracting BTS error
log.
5: If hardware fault found, swap or repair HW.
Perform drivetests to check the coverage and received RxLEV.
6: If no dominant cell or similar signal strengths of a few cells found during

drivetests, it is recommended to add BTS.
7: If there is no problem on the dominant cell, check the interference

whether co-channel or adjacent channel.
8: Check the disturbance whet
For word
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |

| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
SQL> SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS WHERE AGE BETWEEN 25 AND 27;
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
| ID | NAME | AGE | ADDRESS | SALARY |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
SQL> SELECT AGE FROM CUSTOMERS
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT AGE FROM CUSTOMERS WHERE SALARY > 6500);
+-----+
| AGE |
+-----+
| 32 |
| 25 |
| 23 |
| 25 |
| 27 |
| 22 |
| 24 |
+-----+
SQL> SELECT * FROM CUSTOMERS
WHERE AGE > ALL (SELECT AGE FROM CUSTOMERS WHERE SALARY > 6500);
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
| 1 | Ramesh | 32 | Ahmedabad | 2000.00 |
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |

| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+-----+
| AGE |
+-----+
| 32 |
| 25 |
| 23 |
| 25 |
| 27 |
| 22 |
| 24 |
+-----+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec) LTE RF OPTIMIZATION TRAINING EVENTS SCHEDULE
TYPICAL RADIO PROBLEMS AND THIER OPTIMIZATION

Posted on April 30, 2013 by TELNETWORK
TYPICAL RADIO PROBLEMS

Several sources of information for optimization: QoS indicators, Coverage predictions, Customer complaints, Drive tests, Abis/A
traces, Other teams information (NSS statistics)
Indications :
Customers complain about dropped calls and/or No Network
OMC QoS indicators
TCH failure rate
Call drop rate
Low proportion of better cell HO
I. Coverage Problem
Bad coverage :
A network facing coverage problems has bad RxLev. RxQual can be bad at the same time. Sometimes the RxLev can look OK
on the street (i.e. from drivetest) but coverage inside the buildings can be poor due to building losses. Building losses can range
from 10 to 30 dB or more.
I. Coverage Problem
Bad coverage :
Indications :
OMC QoS indicators
TCH failure rate
Call drop rate
High rate of DL & UL Level HO (possibly also DL/UL quality HO)
A interface indicators
High rate of Clear Request message, cause radio interface failure
Drive Test
Poor RxLev ( < -95 dBm)
Investigation and Optimization :
If actual coverage OK compared to predicted ones
Improve coverage by adding Macro site, Microcell site (Border or Shadow areas), or IBC site (In-building coverage).
Use parameter setting ex. Bi-layer Handover.
If actual coverage is not the one predicted by planning tool
Check antenna system (azimuth, crossed sector?)
Check prediction in the tool (EIRP, Clutter Type, Obstructing building?). Most of the time the prediction will be incorrect, as it is
only a computer simulation
Increase or decrease antenna down-tilt
Check BTS output power set in the OMC-R (BS_TXPWR_MAX: should always be set at 0)
From Drive test or Abis Interface
RxLev < -95 dBm and
RxQual > 4
II. Interference Problem

Interference:
A network facing interferences problems presents good RxLev and bad RxQual in the same time on some areas.
Indications:
Customers complain about bad speech quality (noisy calls) and/or call drops
OMC QoS indicators
SDCCH/TCH Drop
High rate of DL/UL quality HO and interference HO
Low HO success rate
Drive Test
RxQual > 4 with RxLev > -85 dBm
Typical causes:
GSM interferences: Co-channel, adjacent.
Non GSM Interference: Other Mobile Network, Other RF sources.
Co-channel interference:
C/I = Carrier-to-interference ratio
+12 dB is taken into account for Alcatel ( +9 dB according to GSM standard) (i.e. interference can be 9 12 dB weaker than
serving cell to cause poor RxQual).
Indications: Downlink and/or Uplink Interference, High rate of quality handover, call drop, and call setup failure.
Investigation: Drive test analysis, Lumpini: Co-channel checking, Check prediction to verify which cell could be causing the
interference, Frequency plan C/I < 12 dB.
Optimization: Antenna optimization, Change frequency, Reduce BTS power (not an option in TA Orange network), Concentric
cell.
Adjacent channel interference:

C/A = Carrier-to-adjacent ratio
-6 dB is taken into account for Alcatel ( -9 dB according to GSM standard).
Indications : Downlink and/or Uplink Interference, High rate of quality handover, call drop, and call failure
Investigation: Adjacent HO statistics (if they are defined as neighbors). If they often handover, then adjacent channel
interference could be a problem. Drive test analysis ; Lumpini: Adjacent channel checking ; Cell coverage prediction; Frequency
plan C/I < -6 dB.
Optimization : Antenna optimization, Change frequency, Reduce BTS power (not an option in TA Orange network), use
Concentric cell
Non GSM interference :

Other mobile network : Inter-modulation with GSM BTS/MS receiver
Other RF interferers
Radar
Shop anti-theft mechanism
Medical devices
Other man-made radio transmission
Illegal usage of GSM frequencies (e.g. illegal imported devices, illegal usage of other organization, )
III. Unbalance power budget Problem

A cell facing unbalanced power budget problems presents a too high path-loss difference between UL and DL (often DL>UL)
Lower Rx diversity gain of cross polarized antenna in rural area compared to dense area
Crossed feeders
Traffic not directly in boresight of antenna, where cross-polar discrimination is lower
Loose connectors
Faulty antenna, feeder, TMA
Rule : try to have delta as small as possible to avoid access network possible only in 1 direction (usually BTS->MS : OK and
MS->BTS : NOK), i.e. uplink limited
Indicators:
OMC QoS indicators
High ratio of Uplink level Handover cause
Low incoming HO success rate
DL level looks OK for HO, but UL is too weak when HO is attempted
Degradation of TCH failures and OC call drop indicators
O&M Alarms
Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)
TMA
Investigation :
Abis monitoring: ABS(delta Path loss) > 10Check if problem is occurring for 1 TRX or all.
ABS(delta path loss) = ABS(UL Path loss DL Path loss)
UL Path loss = MS transmitted power measured received UL level
DL Path loss = BTS transmitted power combiner loss measured received DL level
Large difference between uplink and downlink level triggered HO.
Use PM observation counter (in OMC-R)
RT11
Optimization : This equipment should be checked

TRX types (MP, HP)
Antennas or common RF components, TMA (common to all TRX of the BTS)
TRX RF cables, LNA
IV. TCH congestion Problem

TCH Congestion :
TCH Congestion rate (TCH Assignment Phase) is too high (more than 2%)
Rule : try to meet the offered traffic (asked by users) by providing the right number of resources (TRX extension)
Indications:
Customers complain about Network busy
OMC QoS indicators: High TCH Congestion rate, RTCH Assignment fail-Congestion, Low incoming Intra/Inter BSC HO
success rate (no TCH available), High Directed Retry rate or Congestion Relief (Motorola) if activated, A interface indicators:
BSS Congestion failure in OC(High rate of Assignment Failure message, No radio resource available)
Drive Test : Handover to better cell is slow, or never occurs
Optimization:
Special events :
Foreseeable: (footballs match, important meeting, Exhibition, etc): Add some extra TRXs, Add special mobile BTSs (Cell on
Wheel), Activate HR (may not always be possible due to BSC capacity limitations)
Not foreseeable: car crash on the highway
Daily periodic problems : At busy hour:
Hardware solution: Add TRX(s), concentric cell, new site, Optimize cell boundaries (i.e. antenna optimization) to share traffic
with surrounding cells.
Software solution: Directed Retry, Traffic Handover, Half Rate (Alcatel), Congestion Relief (Motorola) Flow control (Motorola).
Problems and responsible parties
Coverage problem :
If the measured RxLev does not match the prediction:
Check the prediction, check panoramic pictures for obstructions
Field Operation team to check physical configuration (tilt, azimuth, antenna height). Also check for faults in the antenna
system (VSWR, sweep antennas, DTF test, etc.)
If Field Operation find no problem, antenna optimization may be required (if necessary)
If the field realities match the prediction:
RF team to add new sites (tri-sector, micro cellular, indoor cells) to improve poor/no coverage area (Optimizer requests for some
new sites to RF team regarding to the drive test result).
Interference problem :
Optimization team to identify the interference source and request Spectrum Management team to correct it in case of internal
source (new frequency planning)
Unbalanced power budget problem :

Field Operation team to check the impacted BTS (Antenna, TMA, RF cables, LNA, diversity system) according to request
from Optimizer.
TCH Congestion problem :
Regional RF to request TRX expansion
How-to-improve-DL-RX-Quality
1.HOSR is directly related to DL qual so improve network DL qual.

please refer to How to improve DL RX Quality? (http://www.telecomsource.net/showthread.php?185-How-to-improve-DL-RX-
Quality)
2. You can also increase timer T3103 in BSC.Make sure it should be less than T10 atlease by 2 sec.
3. Also check if there are lot of Intracell HO failures.Then check for Hardware issues or inracell HO theresolds.
4. Try to change PBGT,Qual and Level Margin and see any effect.
5. Check if MSC controlled HO's are getting failed.
6. Remove Co-BCCH,BSIC combination in neighbour.
7. Remove hardware alarms
To check
Improve BCCH and TCH plan

Count interference % on both BCCH and TCH so as to know any freq addition/deletion need to do in BCCH
or TCH Plan
Diversity,Antenna Hopping also improve DL Rx Qual
DL DTX also help to improve DL Qual
Neighbour plan must be checked for any discripancies or addition/deletion required
In Nokia
To improve HOSR there are many criteria, in which you have to first check the cause of HO failure through reports, In NOKIA
there are report No 153 in which you can see with which ceel you have a high HO failure, check incoming and outgoing HO
failure with that site, troubleshoot the Site with the cause of HO failure and then try to improve it. Also the main cause of Low
HOSR is due to congestion, if you have congestion on the cell, you will never acheive high HOSR, you have to relaese the
congestion on the cell, check the blockings on the cell wise, and check the BH ERLANGS on that cell and then accordingly work
out ok dear, and If you have Nokia equipment then jus let me know, so that I will instrust you how to improve
DATE COURSE CITY
MAR 29- LTE RF OPTIMIZATION: PART 1 - COVERAGE AND ACCESSIBILITYVIRTUAL: 11AM-3PM

31 CST
APR 20-22LTE RF OPTIMIZATION: PART 2 - DOWNLINK AND UPLINK VIRTUAL: 11AM-3PM

THROUGHPUT CST
JUNE 1-3 LTE RF OPTIMIZATION: PART 3 - MOBILITY AND INTER-RAT VIRTUAL: 11AM-3PM
CST
Select the "Training Events" tab (at the top menu bar) for the full 2015 public training events schedule.
*The web-based virtual courses will run over 4 sessions from 11:00am-3:00pm CST each day. To complete registration,
students will be contacted to complete an enrollment form that must be filled out and returned. Hard copy course
books will be sent to only students in North America. Enrollment cut-off date for book shipment is 5 business days
before the course. If student enrolls after the cut-off date, a soft copy e-book will be sent to use during the course and
the hard copy book will be sent once the course concludes.*
Analyze scanner data and LTE air interface signaling logs to troubleshoot problems and improve KPIs of an LTE Network in this
hands-on workshop. Uses Windcatcher from Xceed/Anite for post-processing.
Detailed course descriptions for this 3-part series:
LTE RF Optimization: Part 1 - Coverage and Accessibility
LTE RF Optimization: Part 2 - Downlink and Uplink Throughput
LTE RF Optimization: Part 3 - Mobility and Inter-RAT
LTE RF OPTIMIZATION TRAINING EVENTS SCHEDULE
DATE COURSE CITY

31 CST

THROUGHPUT CST
CST
Kpis dgrads sur la U1_F3 cause IU, Pouvez-vous vrifier la TRANS du site
Actions dj engages :
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Dsolidarsation IPNB
L/U modules Radio & Systmes
Rinjection de commissioning
Reboot FTM
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En avance merci pour votre prise en charge.
Reboot FTM
Dsolidarsation IPNB
Reboot FTM
Dsolidarsation IPNB
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Reconnaissance et analyse syntaxique des schmas de partition (UNIX) de Basic(MBR), GPT et BSD et de la carte
de partition Apple. Fonctionne avec Dynamic volumes (Windows 2000-2012/8.1) sur MBR et GPT.
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Systmes de fichiers pris en charge: FAT12, FAT16, FAT32, exFAT, NTFS,Technical Training on 3G RF Optimization
Optimization is to
Keep track of network
Improve quality of network
To provide best network quality using any available spectrum analyzer
Accessibility, Retainability, Mobility
CS Circuit switch voice
PS- Packet switch Data services faster than 2G data service
Video = CS + PS
RSCP- Receive signal level of a particular CPICH (dbm)
Ec/Io The CPICH quality
CPICH- Common Pilot indication channel it is a broadcast for every cell
IRAT- Handover from 3G to 2G Inter Radio Access technology
Softer handover Softer HO occur btw sector of the same site
Soft HO- Occur btw sectors of the different sites
3G Optimization
Top aspects of 3G optimization

Coverage Optimization
Call Drop Optimization
Handover & Neighbors Optimization
Quality -Interference & Pilot Pollution Optimization
1 Coverage
3G RSCP level
Good: RSCP -85 dBm
Fair: -95 dBm RSCP < -85 dBm
Poor: RSCP < - 95 dBm

Coverage
Causes Poor Coverage
1. Poor coverage due to bad RSCP- Receive signal level < -95dbm
2. Poor Coverage due to Missing neighbors & handover failure
3. Faulty hardware.
4. Interference
1. Coverage Optimization
Ways to improve coverage in a network if any of the following issue occurs
I. Poor coverage - RSCP
Ways to improve poor coverage
Antenna tilt
Antenna azimuth
Antenna location
Antenna height
Antenna type
Site location
New site
II High interference and hence poor Ec/Io High RTWP

Ways to resolve high interference in other to improve coverage
Resolve High RTWP Receive total wideband power

Change antenna azimuth
Check Feeder connector
Check external interference
III Poor Coverage due to Missing neighbors

Ways to resolve missing neighbors in other to improve coverage
Add missing neighbor cells

Check neighbor list from BSS engineer.
IV Poor Coverage due to Pilot Pollution (too many cells present )

Ways to resolve pilot pollution in other to improve coverage
Antenna Adjustment - Azimuth
Antenna down tilt
Lower pilot CPICH power
V Check hardware alarm, Loss of attenuation check Feeders , connectors & Jumper
2. Call Drop
Causes of call drop
1 Poor coverage Low signal strength
2 Handover failure
3 Missing Neighbors
4 Interference
5 Faulty Hardware
6 Pilot pollution
7 Signalling
2. Optimization of Call Drop
I. Call drop due to Poor coverage- Low signal strength
Ways to Optimize
Antenna tilt
Antenna azimuth
Antenna height
Antenna type
Antenna location
Site location
New site
II Call drop due to Handover failure
Ways to optimize handover failure
Unavailable time slots because of high traffic Increase time slot

Congestion Increase Capacity
Low signal strength and bad quality
Check handover margin
Hardware problem like TRX or time slot problem
III Call drop due to Missing neighbor
Ways to optimize handover problem
Check neighbor list from BSS engineer

Remove unnecessary neighbor cells
IV Call drop due to Interference.
Ways to resolve interference issue, in other to reduce call drop in a network and improve performance.

Change antenna azimuth in the affected area.
Check external interference if any
V Call drop due to Pilot Pollution (too many cells present)
Ways to resolve pilot pollution issue, in other to reduce call drop in a network and improve performance
Change Antenna Azimuth in the affected area

Antenna down tilt
VI Check hardware Alarm, Radio failure and Node B failure
V. Signaling - Run a Trace in the affected area
3. Neighbor Optimization
I. Neighbor relation should be well defined to avoid call drop
3G to 3G on 3G network RNC
2G to 3G on 2G network BSC
II. Check neighbor list from BSS engineer
III. Add missing neighbor cells

IV Remove unnecessary neighbor cells.
3b Handover Optimization -
Check Handover margin
4. Quality -Interference & Pilot Pollution Optimization

1 Identification and Optimization of pilot pollution
Below are the process or condition for the identification of Pilot pollution in a network
More than 3 Active set in a cluster

All active set CPICH_RSCP > -95dbm
The difference between first & last active set < 5dbm
Pilot Scrambling code contribution more than 8% of pilot pollution in a cluster
Below are the process to resolve or optimize pilot pollution

Antenna down tilt - By adjusting tilts on the best servers, or worst interference, pilot pollution can be removed or
reduced in a network
Lower pilot power
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2G Optimization

12 HOSR Analysis
lets starts todays topic that is Low signal strength analysis. What could be the probable cause of low signal while you drive or
optimize. First see the following flow chat and try to understand the things
Low Signal strength is one of the reason of drop call. It can be indicated by many calls disconnected at low signal
strength by subscriber, drop calls due to excessive TA, poor handover performance and poor call setup performance.
Probable Reason
Poor BSC High LOWSSDL & LOWSSUL will give more

Exchange drop reason due to SS and this might not show
Property setting the actual drop. It is because drop due to SS is
No dominant cell Cell might be isolated or standalone.
Antenna tilt & Too much downtilt sometimes might not cover a
orientation larger area and the subscriber might lose the
SS.
Output Power Low output power might cause smaller border

cell.

The following procedure should be performed for low signal strength
analysis:
1Identify the baseline requirement of design and BSC exchange property (setting for LOWSSUL/LOWSSDL).
13 Check the value for LOWSSDL & LOWSSUL. If it is higher than ACCMIN, change the parameter to a reasonable
value since the drop reason will be more priority to SS compared to Quality.
14 Check the site position, antenna direction, position etc. This is to ensure the possible location is open to interference
(open water environment) or isolated. Good map is needed for this.
15 Check if the site is sectorized or Omni. If it is Omni, set the cell into sectorized cell.
16 Check if the signal strength is uplink or downlink limited. Mostly, It is designed to be downlink limited.
17 Check the coverage cover expected area from the planet. If it is not, check the antenna tilt and orientation. Change
the direction or tilt if it is too much downtilt or pointing to a wrong direction.
18 Sometime, low output power might cause low SS. Check output power and if it is low, increase the output power.
19 8:
20 Check cell whether it has hotspots from drivetests. If found, adding new site is recommend.
21 In order to check power distribution, run Cell Traffic Recording (CTR) to that particular cell.
22 10:
23 Check if the cell has indoor coverage problem. If yes, add micro site instead.
Successful assignments show the number of successful TCH allocations at call setup.
At unsuccessful assignment, the Assignment Complete message, sent by the MS, was never received by the BTS.
% TCH ASSIGNMENT = TFCASSALL X 100 %

SUCCESS RATE
TASSATT
Probable Reason
No dominant serving cell The serving cell cannot cope with the TCH traffic.
Severe congestion on TCH Failing TCH allocation for assignment or handover due to
congestion
Low signal strength for call The signal strength might be higher on the BCCH than on
access the TCH.
The following procedure should be performed for TCH Assignment analysis:
1: For TCH assignment success rate, the first thing, check the TCH Time Congestion.
2: If there is congestion on TCH, it is recommend doing the dimensioning and adding TRU based on carried TCH traffic demand.
3: If there is no congestion on TCH, check the output power of the BTS. If the output power is low, increase the output power.
4: If the output power is ok, check the faulty BTS by extracting BTS error log.
6: If no dominant cell or similar signal strengths of a few cells found during drivetests, it is recommended to add BTS.
7: If there is no problem on the dominant cell, check the interference whether co-channel or adjacent channel.
2G Optimization

18 HOSR Analysis
Probable Reason

SS.

cell.
analysis:
30 8:
33 10:

SUCCESS RATE
TASSATT
Probable Reason
congestion
access the TCH.

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2G and 3G MML Commands
New Starters Guide

2G MML Commands
Information
BSC Base Station Controller
BTS Base Transceiver Station
TRX Transceiver
Link Connection between two network elements
A-Interface Interface between BSC MSC
Abis-Interface Interface between TRX - BSC
Air-Interface interface between Mobile Station and TRX
2G BSS MML commands
ZEOL:nn; Current alarms for particular site.
ZEOH:2001-03-01,10-00-00:BCF=nn; Shows alarms from 10.00 Hrs on 1/3/2001 to present day.
ZEEI:BCF=nn; Shows state of particular site.
ZEFR:nn Confirm Y Complete site reset, if any calls are

current then calls will be dropped.
ZEFS:nn:L; Locks site U; Unlocks Locks/Unlocks site if any calls
are current then calls will be
dropped.
ZEQS:BTS=nn :L; U; Locks/Unlocks sector if any calls are

ZEQS:BTS=nn :L:FHO,30;Locks sector after 30 seconds, after forcing the calls to handover to
another site.
ZERS:BTS=nn,TRX=nn:L; Locks a TRX U; Unlocks
Locks/Unlocks an individual TRX on a sector (not if Hopping = ON)
ZEFR:nn:OMU; Resets site OMU.
ZERO:BTS=nn; Shows T/S usage & I levels for each TRX for the Sector
ZYMO:ET,nn; Gives ET stats for site. (BER)
Locking down a site for a Planned work
ZEQS:BTS=nn :L:FHO,30; Lock all sectors One at a time.
ZEFS:nn:L; Locks site
ZEQS:BTS=nn :U; Unlock all sectors One at a time
(This saves time at the end of the Planned Work,

when Field Op wants site restored to service)
ZEFS:nn:U; Unlocks site
BSC MML Commands
ZAHO; List all current alarms on Particular

BSC
ZAHP: : :2001-03-01,10-00-00; Shows alarms from 10.00 Hrs on
1/3/2001 to present day
ZEEL:BL; Shows all Blocked Sites / Sectors /

RX / Time Slots
ZDSB: : :PCM=nn; List all connections to a PCM (ET)
ZNEL; Shows all Signalling links to MSC
Please check commands before use.
NO responsibility will be accepted for errors in this document.
COMMON COMMANDS
ZACC: Enter alarm No. in brackets.

(Cancels alarm off MSC/BSC) ZEOR on BTS.
ZAHO: Gives alarms present on MSC/BSC.
ZAHP: Gives alarm history for MSC/BSC.
ZCEC:CRCT=345-1&&-3:BA; (=BARRED) then SE; (=SEPARATED) then NU; (=NOT USED) then SE; (AGAIN!) then WO; (=
WORKING)
Use this command to toggle in fault y

timeslots
ZCEL: CGR= 1024 : Gives state of all channels as a

whole.
ZCEL: CGR=1024,FORM=EXT,ST=BA-ALL;
Shows all channels within Circuit
group that are barred.
CGR=1024,FORM=EXT,ST=SE-SY; Shows all channels within Circuit

Group that are in the state Seperated by
System
ZCRI:SEA=(select your search criteria):CRCT= xxxxx:
Gives state of all channels
individually within Circuit Group.
ZCRI; Lists all circuit groups on the switch.
ZCRM: Modify State of Circuit group.
ZDDA; To adjust time.check again at

OMC : ZDCC;
ZDRI: Outputs Sync. Info.(esp.on BSC)
ZDTI: Checks LAPD (DPNSS) link. (eg.

ZDTI: NAM=T1084;)
ZDTC: Change state of LAPD (DPNSS) link.
ZEDO: To find out BSC info and BTSs that

are connected to the BSC.
ZEEL: BL; Outputs all blocked

TRXs/CHANNELS on a BSC.
ZEEI: Then e.g. BCF=52, gives LAC

(Location Area Code), Cell ID. Admin state,
ZEEI; Without qualifier prints out all BCF

info. Including PCM Nos.
ZEFR: Resets BCF and downloads software

from BSC. (With parameter OMU, resets omu)
ZEFS: To lock/unlock BCF (Change state)

e.g. ZEFS : 42 : U ;
ZYEC: ET , xx : NORM , CRC4 ; Resets

counters on ET xx (can help sort out sync. problems)
ZELO: Gives all BTSs on a BSC.
ZEOH: Input BCF No. And date/time (Gives

alarm history for a site from the specified date
and Time).
ZEOL: (BCF No.) Gives all alarms present

on a site.
ZEOR: Cancels alarm from BTS.
ZEPO: Gives the BSC under which an

entered BTS lies (routing zone also given).
ZEQO: Cell info. (i.e. If barred etc.).
ZEQS:BTS=XX:L:FHO,20; Forces handover of all calls after 20

seconds.
ZEFS:xx:L; Blocks down site.
ZEFS: xx:U; Unblocks site.
Quicker way of locking/unlocking Site/BCF.
Instead of going for MML session with BCF go to RADIO NETWORK MANAGEMENT
then to RNW PARAMETERS
ZERO: BTS=19,TRX=3; Gives state of the specified TRX.
ZERS: BTS=xx,TRX=xx,:L: ; Lock TRX.
ZERS: BTS=xx,TRX=xx,:U: ; Unlocks TRX.
ZERS: BTS=xx,TRX=xx,CH=xx:L: ; Locks channel.

ZERS: BTS=xx,TRX=xx,CH=xx:U: ; Unlocks channel
ZEAO:BTS=xx; Shows adjacent cell info. Using the

BTSs adjacent CI. Check the LAC and CI of all adjacent cells
given (Also on other BSCs)
ZEVV: Downloads s/w database into buffer

of BTS. (Used if no d/b already in Flash Memorythen Reset
site twice to place in RAM)
TCSM COMMANDS
ZDDT: Accesses TCSM (From BSC end of

link) e.g. ZDDT:TCSM,16;
USERNAME = EXPERT
PASSWORD = SYSTEM
A = Alarm handling command menu
L = Synchronization command menu
E = ET Supervision command menu
Examples:
AI = Alarms currently active.
AC = Wired alarms from other

TCSM2 units.
LS = Displays Sync. Inputs
LP = Changes Priority
LF = Changes Sync. Input.
LO = Sets operating mode

(Hierarchical or Plesiochronous) Z = Return to
main menu
X = Exit
NSS MML Info / Commands
Circuit Groups
There are 2 ways of identifying a Circuit Group
CGR Circuit Group
NCGR Name of Circuit Group
Examples:
NCGR CGR Route
MxxPyyB1 10yy BT Route
MxxXyyB1 12yy Orange Link/ OWE Route
MxxRyyB1 14yy WAP RAS Route
MxxWyy 15yy Wildfire Route
MxxZyyB1 16yy Cable & Wireless Route
MxxMyyB9 18yy Data Route
MxxVyyB1 19yy VPS Route
3** Route to a BSC
1** Internal Circuit Group
MxxMyyB18yy Inter MSC route the last 2 digits refer to the
destination MSC
ZMIO: On HLR to find out which VLR IMSI

is on.
ZMJL: On HLR to output list of VLR

Addresses.
ZMVO: ON HLR toVLR Detach.

ZNBI: Gives all number ranges.
ZNEL: Lists all signalling links and their

states.
ZNGI:NA0,H(Signalling Point Code No. in Hex).

Gives more info. on destination etc.
ZNHI: NA0,H(Signalling Point Code No. in Hex).

Gives even more information.
ZNLI: Interrogates Signalling Link States.

Bxxx = BSC Link, Vxxx = VPS Link
Txxx = TSC Link, Pxxx = PSTN Link

Hxxx = HLR Link etc. )
ZMBO: On HLR finds IMSI from MSISDN.
ZMSO: MSISDN=xxxxxxxxxxx; On HLR

outputs supplementary info for
MSISDN.
IMSI=xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx; On HLR
outputs supplementary info for IMSI.
ZQNS: Outputs MML type sessions open to

an Element and last command input.
ZQNI: On OMC checks all OMC links.
ZUSI: Gives state of Unit(s) which is/are

requested in parameter info.
ZUSU/C: Restarts/Changes state of Unit.
ZWIP: CGR; Outputs CGR data.
ZYMO:ET,xx; Outputs PCM stats. on an ET. (eg.

ZYMO:ET,16:SLI; outputs slips on ET 16)
ZIGO: Outputs MML information for a
site/switch.
ZIAB: Allows a certain command to be

used , e.g. ZIAB:MXM:EXEC=N;
3G MML Commands
Check all live alarms on
RNC- ZAAP:;
Check all alarms back to midnight
ZAHP:;
Check all alarms on a given WBTS
ZAAP:WBTS,XXX; or ZAAO:WBTS,XXX
Output alarms for a given unit.
ZAAP: (return) and select one of following
ZAAP:
/* IDENTIFY UNIT TYPE:
OMU MXU NIS1P NIP1
NIS1 RSMU RRMU ICSU
GTPU SFU TBU A2SU
DMCU FDU WDU VDS
VTP VPP LPD SCSI
NEMU WBTS NONE
DEFAULT IS ALL */
Output all NIP1s and PETs on RNC(shows which NIP1 PET is on)
ZUSI:NIP1,::FULL;
Alarm check on a given PET After checking which NIP1 PET is on)
ZAAP:NIP1,X,PET,YY; where X =NIP1 number, YY=PET number
Output all NIS1s and SETs on RNCs
ZUSI:NIS1,::FULL;
Alarm check on a given SET After checking which NIS1 SET is on)
ZAAP:NIS1,X,SET,YY; where X =NIS1, YY=SET number
Shows the relationship between the Interface ID and a PET/SET
ZYDI:XX; XX=Interface ID number. (Interface ID obtained from COCO)
Route handling commands
Show the ANI number for a route. ANI=WBTS&COCO number ZRRI:ROU=XX;
Shows interface ID, VPI, VC and path number for given route.
ZLJI:ROU=XX;
Output signalling link states
ZNEL;
Check link stats
ZOLP:X,ATM,A,C:D:; X=link number
Output log events for sig link
ZOLL:X,ATM:; X=link number
Output all DMCUs/DMPGs/DSPs
ZUSI:DMCU,::FULL;
Check created packages in SOMAFI.
ZWQO:CR;
Put unit into diagnostics
ZUDU:XXX; where XXX = unit.
Output diagnostic report for unit
ZUDH:XXX; where XXX=unit
ZUSI:DMCU,::FULL;
ZWQO:CR;
Pour pdf Put unit into diagnostics

Change unit state
ZUSC:XXX; where XXX= unit
Restart unit (with total code load from disk)
ZUSU:XXX,Y::C=TOT; where XXX=unit Y=unit number
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Restoration Version 2.5.14 Author: Brian Kato
Restoration.zip
This file has been scaned for Virus with NAV2004, and is Spyware free Jan 22, 2004
Description
Restore files which are deleted from the recycle bin or deleted while holding down the Shift key by mistake.
Conversely, this program has another function that makes it almost impossible to restore all deleted files.
You can use it after deletion of confidential documents, embarrassing files and so on.
You don't have to install it, so it doesn't leave any garbage in the PC.
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Even if a file seems to be restored, there is no guarantee that the contents are correct.
After you run the program, please check the files.
You can probably restore it correctly if the drive has enough free space and if it's just after deletion.
If you restore a folder, there is no guarantee that all files or
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If you can't find them in it, please search and restore them one by one.
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Therefore, I confirmed that it worked without any problems by testing many times.
As there is a rare possibility of damage or loss, please run the function at your own risk.
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Added Windows NT/2000 support.
Added vacant clusters scan and all clusters scan function.
Version 1.8.12
Fixed two bugs concerned with reading specific extended dos partition
or hidden partition.
Version 2.2.12
Added folder restoration function.
Added NTFS partition support.
Fixed a bug concerned with reading specific removable disk.
Version 2.5.6
Added comlete deletion function.
Added support of disks with non 512 bytes sector size such as FAT32
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Fixed a bug concerned with non-residet attribute list attribute of
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Fixed a bug concerned with reading specific FAT32 partition.
Version 2.5.14
Fixed a bug concerned with folder restoration of FAT partition.
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Escape Clause
I'm not responsible for any damage or loss caused by the use of this software in any case.
In addition, even if this software is defective, I'm not under obligation to correct or support it.
[Supported Platform]
IBM-PC/AT Compatible PC
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
ZIP drive (I tested by parallel port ZIP drive. I don't know the reason but if the OS is Windows 95/98/Me, it doesn't recognize the
disk unless the disk is inside the drive when the PC boots up.
However, you can change the disk after boot.)
PD (A user reported that it worked correctly.)
DVD-RAM (A user reported that it worked correctly.)
Smart media (A user reported that it worked correctly.)
Memory stick drive (A user reported that it worked correctly.)
No other devices are tested.
Supported OS
Windows 95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP
Supported File System

FAT12/FAT16/FAT32/NTFS
Compressed files of NTFS are supported.
However, encrypted files of NTFS are not supported so far.
How to Run
Double click "Restoration.exe" file, which is extracted form the self-extracting file or the zip file.
If the OS is Windows 95/98/Me, both the "DLL32.dll" file and the "DLL16.dll" file have to be in the same folder as the
"Restoration.exe" file.
(These two files are not required for Windows NT/2000/xp.)
(If "Do not show hidden or System files" option is selected in "Folder Options" of "Explorer", these two files are invisible.)
If you create the shortcut and run the program from it, you have to specify the path of the same folder as these two files
(e.g. "C:\REST2514") for "Start in" by right clicking on the shortcut icon and opening properties.
I think it can run on most PCs because a static library is used.
However, if you get an error message when you start it, please install a specific MS product such as "Internet Explorer" or try to
obtain and install the required DLL files.
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
If the first byte of the file is unknown, character "$" is used as a
substitute. (FAT partition)
If you specify all or part of the file name, all first byte unknown
files which are possibly contain the text are displayed.
You can't use wild card "*". Therefore, if you want to search by
extension, please enter something like ". TXT".
If you check "Include used clusters by other files" box and search,
you can find more files, but the file has little possibility of being
restored correctly if the pointed cluster is used by another file.
(FAT partition)
If you check the "Include even if the file size is zero" box, you can
find more files, but it's almost pointless to restore them because
it's exactly the same as creating a new empty file of the same name
manually.
After finishing the regular search, a message will appear asking you
if you want to scan vacant clusters, if you couldn't find your target
file, please select yes. (FAT partition)
All possible items (the ones that pass the specific condition) will
be listed. (FAT partition)
After showing the items, when you click on the heading for a column,
that values in that column instantly sort in ascending sequence.
If you click the heading a second time, the values are sorted in
descending sequence.
Subsequent clicks would continue to alternate the sort sequence
between ascending and descending.
2. Select a listed file.
3. Click "Restore by copying" button.
4. Specify the location you want to restore to.

I recommend you if possible to select a different drive from the
searched drive so not to overwrite original data.
If the file is a compressed file of NTFS, it will be decompressed and
restored.
All clusters scan (FAT partition)

Scan all clusters unconditionally and list all candidates
(the ones that pass the specific condition).
1. Click "Others" and then "Scan All Clusters" from the menu bar.
2. Answer the dialog boxes.
Complete deletion
Erase all vacant clusters by overwriting with random numbers and then with zeros.
After that, erase all deleted file information(FAT partition)/file
records(NTFS partition) by using random numbers and zeros.
1. Click "Others" and then "Delete Completely" from the menu bar.
[Copyright]
This is freeware, but the copyright is reserved.
You may distribute this program freely only in the original archive
(i.e. it must include this readme document without modification).
You may not make profit by selling this program.
[Technical Support]
I'll try to support if time allows.
However, in most cases it's almost impossible to solve the problem without seeing the PC itself.
My English is not perfect, so please use easy expressions if you send me an e-mail.
In addition, if you are a native English speaker and find any wrong expressions in the program
or this readme document, please correct it and let me know.
Author: Brian Kato e-mail: bkato@fli.freeserve.ne.jp
Mike ~ It is a good day if I learned something new.

Editor MikesWhatsNews
Restoration.zip
Description
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)



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Restoration.zip
Description
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)
manually.

restored.

Complete deletion
[Copyright]
[Technical Support]

Restoration.zip
Description
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)
manually.

restored.

Complete deletion
[Copyright]
[Technical Support]

Restoration.zip
Description



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[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)
manually.

restored.

Complete deletion
[Copyright]
[Technical Support]

Restoration.zip
Description
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)
manually.

restored.

Complete deletion
[Copyright]
[Technical Support]

Restoration.zip
Description
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)
manually.

restored.

Complete deletion
[Copyright]
[Technical Support]

Restoration.zip
Description
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)
manually.

restored.

Complete deletion
[Copyright]
[Technical Support]

Restoration.zip
Description
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)
manually.

restored.
Complete deletion
[Copyright]
[Technical Support]

Restoration.zip
Description
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)
manually.

restored.

Complete deletion
[Copyright]
[Technical Support]

Restoration.zip
Description
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)
manually.

restored.

Complete deletion
[Copyright]
[Technical Support]

Restoration.zip
Description
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)
manually.

restored.

Complete deletion
[Copyright]
[Technical Support]

Restoration.zip
Description
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)
manually.

restored.

Complete deletion
[Copyright]
[Technical Support]

Restoration.zip
Description
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)
manually.

restored.
Complete deletion
[Copyright]
[Technical Support]

Editor MikesWhatsNewsDot de nouvelles technologies uniques de rcupration de donnes, R-Studio est la solution de
rcupration de donnes la plus complte pour oprer sur NTFS, NTFS5, ReFS, FAT12/16/32, exFAT, HFS/HFS+ (Macintosh),
variantes petits et gros boutiens de UFS1/UFS2 (FreeBSD/OpenBSD/NetBSD/Solaris) et partitions Ext2/Ext3/Ext4 FS (Linux). Il
utilise galement la rcupration de fichiers bruts (analyse des types de fichiers connus) pour les systmes de fichiers
gravement endommags ou non reconnus. Il fonctionne sur les disques locaux ou rseau, mme si les partitions sont
formates, endommages ou supprimes. Des configurations de paramtres flexibles vous permettent un contrle absolu sur la



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PDF2G Optimization

24 HOSR Analysis
performance.
Probable Reason


cell standalone.

the SS.


signal strength
analysis:



sectorized cell.

41 8:

44 10:
instead.

call setup.

ASSIGNMENT
SUCCESS RATE
TASSATT
Probable Reason




Congestion.

log.


For word
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |

| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+-----+
| AGE |
+-----+
| 32 |
| 25 |
| 23 |
| 25 |
| 27 |
| 22 |
| 24 |
+-----+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |

| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+-----+
| AGE |
+-----+
| 32 |
| 25 |
| 23 |
| 25 |
| 27 |
| 22 |
| 24 |
+-----+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+


Indications :
OMC QoS indicators
TCH failure rate
Call drop rate
I. Coverage Problem
Bad coverage :
I. Coverage Problem
Bad coverage :
Indications :
OMC QoS indicators
TCH failure rate
Call drop rate
Drive Test
RxLev < -95 dBm and
RxQual > 4

Interference:
Indications:
OMC QoS indicators
SDCCH/TCH Drop
Low HO success rate
Drive Test
Typical causes:
cell.

plan C/I < -6 dB.
Concentric cell

Radar
Medical devices

Crossed feeders
Loose connectors
Indicators:
OMC QoS indicators
O&M Alarms
TMA
Investigation :
RT11

TRX types (MP, HP)
TRX RF cables, LNA

TCH Congestion :
Indications:
Optimization:
Special events :
Coverage problem :

from Optimizer.

Quality)
To check

or TCH Plan
In Nokia
DATE COURSE CITY

31 CST

THROUGHPUT CST
CST
DATE COURSE CITY

31 CST

THROUGHPUT CST
CST
Reboot FTM
Dsolidarsation IPNB
Reboot FTM
Dsolidarsation IPNB
Reboot FTM
Dsolidarsation IPNB
Reboot FTM
Dsolidarsation IPNB
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Optimization is to
Video = CS + PS
3G Optimization

2 Coverage
3G RSCP level
Good: RSCP -85 dBm

Coverage
3. Faulty hardware.
4. Interference
Antenna tilt
Antenna azimuth
Antenna location
Antenna height
Antenna type
Site location
New site
VI High interference and hence poor Ec/Io High RTWP


VII Poor Coverage due to Missing neighbors


VIII Poor Coverage due to Pilot Pollution (too many cells present )
Antenna down tilt
IX Check hardware alarm, Loss of attenuation check Feeders , connectors & Jumper
2. Call Drop
Causes of call drop
9 Handover failure
10 Missing Neighbors
11 Interference
12 Faulty Hardware
13 Pilot pollution
14 Signalling
Ways to Optimize
Antenna tilt
Antenna azimuth
Antenna height
Antenna type
Antenna location
Site location
New site




Antenna down tilt




Lower pilot power
JEBNEK SQHB C FQUX
The most powerful

2G Optimization

30 HOSR Analysis
Probable Reason

SS.

cell.

analysis:
52 8:
55 10:

SUCCESS RATE
TASSATT
Probable Reason
congestion
access the TCH.
2G Optimization

36 HOSR Analysis
Probable Reason

SS.

cell.
analysis:
63 8:
66 10:

SUCCESS RATE
TASSATT
Probable Reason
congestion
access the TCH.

file
DG
ADJOIN MARKE
T T
Kgjergkerg
New Starters Guide

2G MML Commands
Information
TRX Transceiver
2G BSS MML commands

dropped.

another site.

BSC MML Commands

BSC

RX / Time Slots
COMMON COMMANDS

WORKING)

timeslots

whole.

System

OMC : ZDCC;

ZDTI: NAM=T1084;)






e.g. ZEFS : 42 : U ;


and Time).

on a site.


seconds.



TCSM COMMANDS

USERNAME = EXPERT
PASSWORD = SYSTEM
Examples:

TCSM2 units.

main menu
X = Exit
Circuit Groups
CGR Circuit Group
Examples:
NCGR CGR Route
3** Route to a BSC
destination MSC

is on.

Addresses.


states.





MSISDN.



site/switch.

3G MML Commands
RNC- ZAAP:;
ZAHP:;
ZAAP:
OMU MXU NIS1P NIP1
NIS1 RSMU RRMU ICSU
GTPU SFU TBU A2SU
DMCU FDU WDU VDS
VTP VPP LPD SCSI
NEMU WBTS NONE
DEFAULT IS ALL */
ZUSI:NIP1,::FULL;
ZUSI:NIS1,::FULL;
ZLJI:ROU=XX;
ZNEL;
Check link stats
ZUSI:DMCU,::FULL;
ZWQO:CR;
ZUSI:DMCU,::FULL;
ZWQO:CR;

Change unit state
Gkjregjertgklert
Ni trlrvom
gergt
ertet



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Restoration.zip
Description
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)
manually.

restored.

Complete deletion
[Copyright]
[Technical Support]

Restoration.zip
Description
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)



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restored.

Complete deletion
[Copyright]
[Technical Support]

Restoration.zip
Description
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)
manually.

restored.

Complete deletion
[Copyright]
[Technical Support]

Restoration.zip
Description
[Update History]
Version 1.7.3
Version 1.8.12
Version 2.2.12
Version 2.5.6
DVD-RAM.
NTFS.
Version 2.5.14
Escape Clause
Supported Devices
Hard disk
Floppy disk
Supported OS

How to Run
Instructions
1. Select a drive.
(FAT partition)
manually.

restored.

Complete deletion
[Copyright]
[Technical Support]

Restoration.zip
Description



S.M.A.R.T. apparat.
FS + USD
Outil
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R-Studio NTFS 49.99
R-Studio FAT 49.99
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42 HOSR Analysis
performance.
Probable Reason


cell standalone.

the SS.


signal strength
analysis:



sectorized cell.

74 8:

77 10:
instead.

call setup.

ASSIGNMENT
SUCCESS RATE
TASSATT
Probable Reason




Congestion.

log.


For word
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |

| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+-----+
| AGE |
+-----+
| 32 |
| 25 |
| 23 |
| 25 |
| 27 |
| 22 |
| 24 |
+-----+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |

| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+-----+
| AGE |
+-----+
| 32 |
| 25 |
| 23 |
| 25 |
| 27 |
| 22 |
| 24 |
+-----+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+


Indications :
OMC QoS indicators
TCH failure rate
Call drop rate
I. Coverage Problem
Bad coverage :
I. Coverage Problem
Bad coverage :
Indications :
OMC QoS indicators
TCH failure rate
Call drop rate
Drive Test
RxLev < -95 dBm and
RxQual > 4

Interference:
Indications:
OMC QoS indicators
SDCCH/TCH Drop
Low HO success rate
Drive Test
Typical causes:
cell.

plan C/I < -6 dB.
Concentric cell

Radar
Medical devices

Crossed feeders
Loose connectors
Indicators:
OMC QoS indicators
O&M Alarms
TMA
Investigation :
RT11

TRX types (MP, HP)
TRX RF cables, LNA

TCH Congestion :
Indications:
Optimization:
Special events :
Coverage problem :

from Optimizer.

Quality)
To check

or TCH Plan
In Nokia
DATE COURSE CITY

31 CST

THROUGHPUT CST
CST
DATE COURSE CITY

31 CST

THROUGHPUT CST
CST
Reboot FTM
Dsolidarsation IPNB
Reboot FTM
Dsolidarsation IPNB
Reboot FTM
Dsolidarsation IPNB
Reboot FTM
Dsolidarsation IPNB
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Optimization is to
Video = CS + PS
3G Optimization

3 Coverage
3G RSCP level
Good: RSCP -85 dBm

Coverage
3. Faulty hardware.
4. Interference
Antenna tilt
Antenna azimuth
Antenna location
Antenna height
Antenna type
Site location
New site
X High interference and hence poor Ec/Io High RTWP


XI Poor Coverage due to Missing neighbors


XII Poor Coverage due to Pilot Pollution (too many cells present )
Antenna down tilt
XIII Check hardware alarm, Loss of attenuation check Feeders , connectors & Jumper
2. Call Drop
Causes of call drop
16 Handover failure
18 Interference
19 Faulty Hardware
20 Pilot pollution
21 Signalling
Ways to Optimize
Antenna tilt
Antenna azimuth
Antenna height
Antenna type
Antenna location
Site location
New site




Antenna down tilt




Lower pilot power
JEBNEK SQHB C FQUX
The most powerful

2G Optimization

48 HOSR Analysis
Probable Reason

SS.

cell.

analysis:
85 8:
88 10:

SUCCESS RATE
TASSATT
Probable Reason
congestion
access the TCH.
2G Optimization

54 HOSR Analysis
Probable Reason

SS.

cell.
analysis:
96 8:
99 10:

SUCCESS RATE
TASSATT
Probable Reason
congestion
access the TCH.

file
DG
ADJOIN MARKE
T T
Kgjergkerg
New Starters Guide

2G MML Commands
Information
TRX Transceiver
2G BSS MML commands

dropped.

another site.

BSC MML Commands

BSC

RX / Time Slots
COMMON COMMANDS

WORKING)

timeslots

whole.

System

OMC : ZDCC;

ZDTI: NAM=T1084;)






e.g. ZEFS : 42 : U ;


and Time).

on a site.


seconds.



TCSM COMMANDS

USERNAME = EXPERT
PASSWORD = SYSTEM
Examples:

TCSM2 units.

main menu
X = Exit
Circuit Groups
CGR Circuit Group
Examples:
NCGR CGR Route
3** Route to a BSC
destination MSC

is on.

Addresses.


states.





MSISDN.



site/switch.

3G MML Commands
RNC- ZAAP:;
ZAHP:;
ZAAP:
OMU MXU NIS1P NIP1
NIS1 RSMU RRMU ICSU
GTPU SFU TBU A2SU
DMCU FDU WDU VDS
VTP VPP LPD SCSI
NEMU WBTS NONE
DEFAULT IS ALL */
ZUSI:NIP1,::FULL;
ZUSI:NIS1,::FULL;
ZLJI:ROU=XX;
ZNEL;
Check link stats
ZUSI:DMCU,::FULL;
ZWQO:CR;
ZUSI:DMCU,::FULL;
ZWQO:CR;

Change unit state
Gkjregjertgklert
Ni trlrvom
gergt
ertet



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PDF2G Optimization

60 HOSR Analysis
performance.
Probable Reason


cell standalone.

the SS.


signal strength
analysis:

102 Check the site position, antenna direction, position etc. This is
to ensure the possible location is open to interference (open water
103 Check if the site is sectorized or Omni. If it is Omni, set the cell
into sectorized cell.
104 Check if the signal strength is uplink or downlink limited.

Mostly, It is designed to be downlink limited.
105 Check the coverage cover expected area from the planet. If it is
not, check the antenna tilt and orientation. Change the direction or
tilt if it is too much downtilt or pointing to a wrong direction.
106 Sometime, low output power might cause low SS. Check output
power and if it is low, increase the output power.
107 8:
108 Check cell whether it has hotspots from drivetests. If found,
adding new site is recommend.

110 10:
instead.

call setup.

ASSIGNMENT
SUCCESS RATE
TASSATT
Probable Reason




Congestion.

log.


For word
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |

| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+-----+
| AGE |
+-----+
| 32 |
| 25 |
| 23 |
| 25 |
| 27 |
| 22 |
| 24 |
+-----+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |

| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |
| 4 | Chaitali | 25 | Mumbai | 6500.00 |
| 5 | Hardik | 27 | Bhopal | 8500.00 |
+----+----------+-----+---------+---------+
+-----+
| AGE |
+-----+
| 32 |
| 25 |
| 23 |
| 25 |
| 27 |
| 22 |
| 24 |
+-----+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+
+----+--------+-----+-----------+---------+


Indications :
OMC QoS indicators
TCH failure rate
Call drop rate
I. Coverage Problem
Bad coverage :
I. Coverage Problem
Bad coverage :
Indications :
OMC QoS indicators
TCH failure rate
Call drop rate
Drive Test
RxLev < -95 dBm and
RxQual > 4

Interference:
Indications:
OMC QoS indicators
SDCCH/TCH Drop
Low HO success rate
Drive Test
Typical causes:
cell.

plan C/I < -6 dB.
Concentric cell

Radar
Medical devices

Crossed feeders
Loose connectors
Indicators:
OMC QoS indicators
O&M Alarms
TMA
Investigation :
RT11

TRX types (MP, HP)
TRX RF cables, LNA

TCH Congestion :
Indications:
Optimization:
Special events :
Coverage problem :

from Optimizer.

Quality)
To check

or TCH Plan
In Nokia
DATE COURSE CITY

31 CST

THROUGHPUT CST
CST
DATE COURSE CITY

31 CST

THROUGHPUT CST
CST
Reboot FTM
Dsolidarsation IPNB
Reboot FTM
Dsolidarsation IPNB
Reboot FTM
Dsolidarsation IPNB
Reboot FTM
Dsolidarsation IPNB
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Optimization is to
Video = CS + PS
3G Optimization

4 Coverage
3G RSCP level
Good: RSCP -85 dBm

Coverage
3. Faulty hardware.
4. Interference
Antenna tilt
Antenna azimuth
Antenna location
Antenna height
Antenna type
Site location
New site
XIV High interference and hence poor Ec/Io High RTWP


XV Poor Coverage due to Missing neighbors


XVI Poor Coverage due to Pilot Pollution (too many cells present )
Antenna down tilt
XVII Check hardware alarm, Loss of attenuation check Feeders , connectors & Jumper
2. Call Drop
Causes of call drop
23 Handover failure
25 Interference
26 Faulty Hardware
27 Pilot pollution
28 Signalling
Ways to Optimize
Antenna tilt
Antenna azimuth
Antenna height
Antenna type
Antenna location
Site location
New site




Antenna down tilt




Lower pilot power
JEBNEK SQHB C FQUX
The most powerful

2G Optimization

66 HOSR Analysis
Probable Reason

SS.

cell.

analysis:
118 8:
121 10:

SUCCESS RATE
TASSATT
Probable Reason
congestion
access the TCH.
2G Optimization

72 HOSR Analysis
Probable Reason

SS.

cell.
analysis:
129 8:
132 10:

SUCCESS RATE
TASSATT
Probable Reason
congestion
access the TCH.

file
DG
ADJOIN MARKE
T T
Kgjergkerg
New Starters Guide

2G MML Commands
Information
TRX Transceiver
2G BSS MML commands

dropped.

another site.

BSC MML Commands

BSC

RX / Time Slots
COMMON COMMANDS

WORKING)

timeslots

whole.

System

OMC : ZDCC;

ZDTI: NAM=T1084;)






e.g. ZEFS : 42 : U ;


and Time).

on a site.


seconds.



TCSM COMMANDS

USERNAME = EXPERT
PASSWORD = SYSTEM
Examples:

TCSM2 units.

main menu
X = Exit
Circuit Groups
CGR Circuit Group
Examples:
NCGR CGR Route
3** Route to a BSC
destination MSC

is on.

Addresses.


states.





MSISDN.



site/switch.

3G MML Commands
RNC- ZAAP:;
ZAHP:;
ZAAP:
OMU MXU NIS1P NIP1
NIS1 RSMU RRMU ICSU
GTPU SFU TBU A2SU
DMCU FDU WDU VDS
VTP VPP LPD SCSI
NEMU WBTS NONE
DEFAULT IS ALL */
ZUSI:NIP1,::FULL;
ZUSI:NIS1,::FULL;
ZLJI:ROU=XX;
ZNEL;
Check link stats
ZUSI:DMCU,::FULL;
ZWQO:CR;
ZUSI:DMCU,::FULL;
ZWQO:CR;

Change unit state
Gkjregjertgklert
Ni trlrvom
gergt
ertet



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1 Low signal strength analysis

Low Signal Strength Analysis

Poor BSC High LOWSSDL & LOWSSUL

No dominant Cell might be isolated or

Antenna tilt & Too much downtilt sometimes

Output Power Low output power might

The following procedure should be performed for low

1Identify the baseline requirement of design and BSC exchange property

2 Check the value for LOWSSDL & LOWSSUL. If it is higher than

3 Check the site position, antenna direction, position etc. This is to

5 Check if the signal strength is uplink or downlink limited. Mostly, It is

10 In order to check power distribution, run Cell Traffic Recording

TCH Assignment Analysis

The formula is defined as:

% TCH = TFCASSALL X 100 %

No dominant The serving cell cannot cope with the

Severe congestion Failing TCH allocation for assignment

Low signal strength The signal strength might be higher on

Interference Disturbance on SDCCH or target TCH

Faulty transceiver Faulty equipment

The following procedure should be performed for TCH

2: If there is congestion on TCH, it is recommend doing the dimensioning

5: If hardware fault found, swap or repair HW.

Perform drivetests to check the coverage and received RxLEV.

6: If no dominant cell or similar signal strengths of a few cells found during

7: If there is no problem on the dominant cell, check the interference

8: Check the disturbance whet

| 2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |

2 | Khilan | 25 | Delhi | 1500.00 |

1 row in set (0.02 sec) LTE RF OPTIMIZATION TRAINING EVENTS SCHEDULE

TYPICAL RADIO PROBLEMS AND THIER OPTIMIZATION

TYPICAL RADIO PROBLEMS

OMC QoS indicators

TCH failure rate

Call drop rate

Low proportion of better cell HO

OMC QoS indicators

TCH failure rate

Call drop rate

Low proportion of better cell HO

High rate of DL & UL Level HO (possibly also DL/UL quality HO)

High rate of Clear Request message, cause radio interface failure

Poor RxLev ( < -95 dBm)

Investigation and Optimization :

If actual coverage OK compared to predicted ones

Use parameter setting ex. Bi-layer Handover.

If actual coverage is not the one predicted by planning tool

Check antenna system (azimuth, crossed sector?)

Increase or decrease antenna down-tilt

RxLev < -95 dBm and

II. Interference Problem

OMC QoS indicators

Low proportion of better cell HO

High rate of DL/UL quality HO and interference HO

Low HO success rate

High rate of Clear Request message, cause radio interface failure

RxQual > 4 with RxLev > -85 dBm