Mobile phone radiation and health

The effect of mobile phone radiation on human health is a subject of interest and study worldwide,
as a result of the enormous increase in mobile phone usage throughout the world. As of 2016, there
were 7.4 billion subscriptions worldwide, though the actual number of users is lower as many users
own multiple mobile phones. Mobile phones use electromagnetic radiations in the microwave range
(4502100 MHz). Other digital wireless systems, such as data communication networks, produce
similar radiation.

Effects
Bloodbrain barrier

Mobile phone radiation has an effect on the permeability of the blood-brain barrier.

Cancer

Mobile phone use does not increase the risk of getting brain cancer or other head tumors. As the
United States National Cancer Institute explains : Radiofrequency energy, unlike ionizing radiation,
does not cause DNA damage that can lead to cancer. Its only consistently observed biological effect
in humans is tissue heating.

Precautions
In May 2011, the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on
Cancer announced that electromagnetic fields from mobile phones and other sources are "possibly
carcinogenic to humans" and advised the public to adopt safety measures to reduce exposure.

Examples of the recommendations are:

Use hands-free to decrease the radiation to the head and earphone technologies such
as Bluetooth headsets.

Keep the mobile phone away from the body.

Do not use telephone in a car without an external antenna.

The limitation of use by at-risk population (such as children).

 The adoption of cell-phones and microcells with as low as reasonably practicable levels of
radiation.

The adoption of maximal standards of distance of base stations antennas from human
habitations,