viSzy&2011 ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[ku 1

lEiknu lfefr fo"k; lwph

MkW0 vekur gqlSu
lS0 lqQ+;ku vgen unoh viSzy 2011bZ0
fet+kZ gqek;w d+nj jchmLlkuh 1432fg0 tekfny vOoy 1432fg0
MkW0 vkfjQ+ vCckl
fcUrs t+gjk ^uny fgUnh*
u0 ys[k o ys[kd i`"B
1& mlwys nhu fd+Lr&1

lSf;nqy myek lS0 vyh ud+h ud+ohrkck ljkg 3

R.N.I. No. 2& balku ls eqrkfYyd+ bLyke dh lksp
UPBIL/2004/13526 vYykek lS0 eqgEen jt+h lkgc fd+Cyk] djkph 5
3& bLyke vkSj balkuh gqdw+d+
Postal Regd. No.
d+k,ns feYyr ekSykuk lS0 dYcs tokn ud+oh 7
SSP/LW/NP-75/2008-10
zzz 4& yhfc;k tgk dqvksa ls rsy ugha [+kwu mcy jgk gS 10
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^^[k+kunkus bTrsgkn uEcj** vkSj uwjs fgnk;r
okf"kZd va'knku Q+km.Ms'ku ls izdkf'kr lHkh fdrkcksa dks
1& ;wjksi] vejhdk] dukMk%
80 vejhdh Mkyj MkmuyksM djus ds fy,
2& [k+yhth eqekfyd%
60 vejhdh Mkyj ykWx vku djsa
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4& ikfdLrku t+ehuh Mkd%
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viSzy&2011 ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[ku 2

 fd+Lr&1

vk;rqYykfgymt+ek lSf;nqymyek lS0 vyh ud+h ud+oh rkck ljkg

ifjp; us bl 'kfDr rFkk fo'okl ds lkFk cz dh bdkbZ dk

bLyke /keZ dk fodkl ml dky esa gqvk
tcfd lalkj dh leLr tkfr;k mikL;ksa dh vf/kdrk
ij xoZ djrh FkhaA ifo= iSxE+ cjs bLyke ,oa muds
ifjokj okyksa us lalkj dks ,d vYykg bZ'oj dh
mikluk djus dk mins'k fn;kA ;g mins'k bl <ax
ls fn;k fd vkt lalkj ds lHkh /keZ fdlh u fdlh
:i esa bZ'oj ds ekuus dk nkok djrs gSAa
;g if=dk et+euw bLykfed n`f"Vdks.k ls
,d bZ'oj ds fo"k; esa Kku nsrh gS rFkk cz dh bdkbZ
ij rdZ fd;k x;k gSA ;g et+euw bLyke /keZ ds
fl)kUrksa ds izdk'ku ekyk dh izFke dM+h gSA
os lHkh yksx tks bLyke /keZ ls :fp j[krs gSa
vius vewY; erksa ls gekjh lgk;rk dj ldrs gSa rFkk
fuosnu gS fd viuh fe= eaMyh esa gekjs izdk'kuksa dk
izpkj dj gesa d`rK gksus dk volj iznku djsAa
vkidk& vkfcn rckrckbZ
vkujsjh lsVs h] bekfe;k fe'ku] y[ku
rkSghn
lEiw.kZ fo'o dks fcuk fdlh dk lg;ksx fy;s
mRuUu djus okys dks mldh efgek lfgr ekuus dk
uke rkSghn gSA
,d le; og Fkk tc lalkj mikL;ksa dh
vfkDrk ij xoZ djrk Fkk ijUrq bLyke lnk ls fo'o
dks mRiUu djus okys bZ'oj dh bdkbZ dk izpkj djrk
vk;k gS rFkk bLyke ds iSxE+ cj gt+jr eqgEen eqLrQ+kl0
viSzy&2011 ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[ku
izpkj bl <ax ls fd;k fd vkt lalkj ds lHkh /keZ
fdlh u fdlh :i ls ;g nkok djrs gSa fd bZ'oj ,d
gS] vdsyk gS vkSj la;ksx jfgr gSA fdUrq ftl rkSghn
dh f'k{kk eqgEen jlwyYq ykgl0 ds lPps mRrjkf/
kdkfj;ksa us nh gS ogh okLrfod rkSghn mlh okLrfod
bLyke ds lkFk layXu gSA
tUe nkrk dk vfLrRo
ftl izdkj izR;sd dyk vius dykdkj dk]
izR;sd iqLrd vius jpf;rk dk rFkk izR;sd bekjr
vius fuekZrk dk ifjp; nsrh gS] Bhd mlh izdkj
fo'o dk izR;sd d.k bl ckr dh xokgh ns jgk gS fd
mldk dksbZ tUe nkrk vo'; gh gSA
bl dFku dks ,d lekU; dksfV dh cqf) okyk
ckyd rFkk ,d lk/kkj.k Kku j[kus okyk vui<+ Hkh
viuh Hkk"kk esa le> ldrk gS] rFkk blh dks ,d n'kZu
'kkLr dk Kkrk n'kZfud fl)kUrksa ds }kjk fl) dj
ldrk gSA tks izk;% lk/kkj.k yksxksa ds fy, ,d xw<+
leL;k izrhr gksus yxrh gS] fdUrq ckr ;gh ,d gS fd
u rks dksbZ deZ fcuk drkZ ds vkSj u dksbZ dyk fcuk
dykdkj ds tUe ys ldrh gSA vr,o bruk fo'kky
fo'o fcuk fdlh l`f"VdrkZ ds tUe ugha ik ldrkA
tUenkrk dh lRrk
^^ge** vkSj gekjh ^^lRrk** nks fHkUu laKk, gSAa
ml lRrk ds ;ksx ls ge ltho gSa vU;Fkk mlls jfgr
futhZoA vFkkZr gekjh ^^vkLFkk** lRrk ds la;ksx ij
3
fuHkZj gSA vr% gesa vius dks lkfLr cukus ds fy, lRrk vfrfjDr leLr lalkj dks lEHkkO; dgrs gSAa lEHkkO;
mRiUu djus okys dh vko';drk gSA lalkj u Fkk vkSj oLrq,a vius mRiUu gksus ds fy, ,d tUenkrk ds
gqvkA ;fn gqvk rks fdlh us mls tUe fn;kA vc ;fn vkhu gS]a vkSj tUenkrk dk gksuk vfuok;Z gSA vr%
fo'o dks tUe nsus okyk Hkh gekjh gh rjg gqvk rks og og fufoZokn :i ls viuh mRifRr ds fy, fdlh vU;
vkSj mldk O;fDrRo nksuksa fHkUu&fHkUu gq,A bl izdkj 'kfDr ds v/khu ugha gSA
og Hkh vius lkfLr ds fy, nwljs ds v/khu rFkk vkfJr vLR;kFkZd ,oe~ fu"ks/kkFkZd
gqvkA vr% og Hkh bl lEHkkO; txr dk ,d va'k gks Lej.k j[kuk pkfg;s fd ftruh cqjkbZ;k ftrus
tk,xkA bl izdkj ;g ckr Li"V gS fd og fo'o dks nks"k rFkk ftrus voxq.k gksrs gSa os lc ukfLr ls lEcfUkr
tUe nsus okyk ugha gks ldsxkA gSAa ge esa ukfLr lEHko gS] vr% ge us voxq.kksa dk gksuk
og leLr fo'o ds pjkpj dk tUenkrk gS lEHko gSA ^lRrk* gekjh viuh ughaA ;gh ge esa lcls
vxj ge mls vius gh leku eku ysa rks og Hkh gekjs cM+k vHkko gSA ftlls vusd voxq.k mRriUu gksrs gSAa
gh leku u'oj gksxk vxj tUe nkrk u'oj gqvk rks gekjh lRrk dk Lrj ftruk mPp gksrk gS mrus gh vf/
mlds }kjk l`f"V jpuk vkSj ikyu dk dksbZ iz'u ugha kd xq.k geesa mRruUu gksrs gSAa cz lEiw.kZ :i ls lRrk
mBrkA vr,o ;g ekuuk iM+xs k fd og vfouk'kh gS] gh lRrk gS blfy;s og xq.kksa ls fHkUu ugha gSAa og
vukfn rFkk vrUr gSA nk'kZfud fl)kUr ds vuqlkj fu"dyad] funks'Z k ,oa loZx.q k lEiUu gSA
fo'o dks :i nsus okys dk gksuk vfuok;Z gSA blds tkjh
'ks"k--- bLkyke vkSj balkuh gqdw+d+
Q+kSft;ksa vkSj tax esa fgLlk ysus okys voke ds gqd+wd+ dh ckr dgh xbZ] ftlesa l[+rh ls ;s ckr dgha xbZ fd fdlh taxh
d+nS h dks rdyhQ+ ugha igqpkbZ tk,xh] fdlh t+[e+ h dks d+Ry ugha fd;k tk,xk vkSj fugRrs voke ij geyk ugha gksxk] ysfdu
vki yksxksa us ns[kk fd ftu ckrksa rd nqfu;k vkt igqph gS] mu gqdw+d+ dk ysgkt+ bLyke us 14 lkS lky igys gh j[kk
gS vkSj mu lHkh gqdw+d+ dk c;ku vkt dh nqfu;k esa flQZ+ dkx+t+ ij gS] tcfd bLykeh jgcjksa us pkSng lkS lky igys
bu ij vey djds fn[kk;k gSA 1949bZ0 esa ftusok esa yxkrkj 4 dUosU'ku gq,] ftuesa ls gj dUosU'ku esa fiNyh x+yfr;ksa
dks nwj fd;k x;k vkSj dqN ubZ ckrksa dks c<+k;k x;kA blds ckn Hkh 2005bZ0 rd vkSj ckrsa c<+kbZ xbZa tks izksVksdksy&izFke]
f}rh; vkSj r`rh; ds uke ls e'kgwj gSa] ysfdu blds ckn Hkh vkt dh rjD+d+h dh gqbZ nqfu;k mu tax ds vknkc rd ugha
igqp ldh tks bLyke us cuk, gSa] u ml jge vkSj dje dk ntkZ gkfly dj ldh fd ftl rd bLykeh d+kuwuksa dh igqp
gS] ftldk ,d lqcwr d+chy&,&[+kqtS+ek dk okfd+vk gSA eDdk dh thr ds ckn jlwys vdjel0 us [k+kfyn fcu oyhn dh
ljnkjh esa ,d Q+kSt d+chy&,&[+kqtS+ek dh rjQ+ Hksth rkfd mUgsa bLyke dh nkor nsa] ysfdu tax djus dh btkt+r ugha
nh FkhA tc [k+kfyn fcu oyhn muds bykd+s esa igqps rks og yksx gfFk;kj ysdj lkeus vk x,A [k+kfyn us mUgsa iukg nsus
dk oknk fd;k] ysfdu tc mUgksua s vius gfFk;kj Qsd a fn;s rks mudk d+Rys vke dj fn;kA tSls gh jlwys vdjel0 dks bldh
[k+cj feyh vkil0 us vkleku dh rjQ+ vius gkFk mBk, vkSj dgk% ^^,s vYykg esa [k+kfyn ds bl dke ls cjkvr dk
bt+gkj djrk gw** vy&dkfey fQ+Rrkjh[k+] ft&2 ist&182 blds ckn gt+jr vyhv0 dks dqN jd+e nsdj Hkstk fd muesa
tks cps gq, gSa mUgsa jkt+h djsaA gt+jr vyhv0 us lcds [k+wu dk cnyk vnk fd;kA ftruk mudk uqd+lku gqvk Fkk og lc
iwjk fd;kA ftu crZuksa esa tkuoj [kkrs Fks ;gk rd fd vxj dqRrksa ds [kkus ds crZu tax ds chp VwVs Fks mudh d+her
Hkh vnk dh vkSj ;s lqudj vkt dh rjD+d+h djus okyk fnekx+ Hkh gSjku jg tk,xk pwfd vkSjrsa vkSj cPps Mjs gq, Fks]
blfy, mUgsa Hkh eqvkot+k Compensation fn;k x;kA ;s fnekx+h rdyhQ+ dk fcYdqy u;k [k+;ky gS ftl ij vkt
ls pkSng lkS lky igys bLyke us vey fd;k gSA c'kqf;k jkst+ukek jk"Vh; lgkjk mnwZ] 11 ekpZ 2011bZ0
tkjh
viSzy&2011 ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[ku 4

vYykek lS0 eqgEen jt+h lkgc fd+Cyk] djkph
vuqoknd% lS;n lqQ+;ku vgen unoh
bLyke us nqfu;k dks balku dk tks es;kj is'k
fd;k gS og lwj, cd+jk vk;r&30 esa vYykg ds ml
,yku ls iwjh rjg t+kfgj gS ftldk rtqeZ k ;s gS% ^^og
oD+r ;kn djks tc rqEgkjs ijojfnxkj us Q+fj'rksa ls
dgk Fkk fd eSa t+ehu esa viuk uk;c cukuk pkgrk
gw** bldk eryc ;gh gqvk fd t+ehu esa vYykg ds
uk;c gksus dh gd+nkj iwjh dk,ukr esa flQZ+ ogh
e[k+yd w + ekuh xbZ tks lgh ekus esa balku dgh tk
ldrh gS vkSj bl rjg balku dks lkjh e[k+yd w + ij
cM+kbZ nh xbZA Q+fj'rksa dks gqDe fn;k x;k fd eqdEey
balku ;kuh vkne vySfgLlyke ds lkeus vYykg ds
lTns ds fy, >qd tk,aA ;s bl ckr dh [kqyh gqbZ
nyhy gS fd eqdEey balku dk ntkZ Q+fj'rksa ls Hkh
pk gksrk gSA nqfu;k balku ds vlyh ed+ke vkSj ntsZ
ls cs[k+cj FkhA dk,ukr dh lcls vge] balku dk lj
cstku iRFkjksa vkSj ekewyh tkuojksa vkSj dhM+k&as edksMk+ as ds
vkxs >qdk gqvk FkkA mls [k+cj u Fkh fd vYykg us ;s
lkjh dk,ukr [+knq mlh dh f[k+ner ds fy, cukbZ gS\
u rw t+eha ds fy, gS u vklkek ds fy,
tgk gS rsjs fy, rw ugha tgk ds fy,
bLyke gh us mls csgks'kh ls txk;k vkSj
tsgkyr dh ml uhan ls txk;k vkSj mls mlds vlyh
ntsZ vkSj ejrcs dh [k+cj nhA dqj+ vku ds bu y+tk+ as
esa rtqeZ k%& ^^vkSj ge us vkne dh vkSykn dks bT+tr+
vrk dh gS vkSj ge gh us mls [+k'q dh vkSj nfj;k esa
vkus tkus dh vklkfu;k nh gSa vkSj ge us mldks
csgrjhu pht+kas dk fjT+d+ vrk fd;k vkSj ge gh us mls
viSzy&2011 ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[ku
viuh cgqr lh e[k+ydw k+ r ij cM+h Q+th+ yr nh gSA
vYykg ds bl Q+jeku ls bl ckr dk lkQ+
rkSj ls irk pyrk gS fd dk,ukr ds lekt esa balku
dks fdruh cM+kbZ vkSj cjrjh vkSj fdruh Q+th+ yr
vkSj pkbZ gkfly gS tks fdlh vkSj dks gkfly ughaA
blds lkFk gh dqj+ vkus gdhe esa t+ehu vkSj vkleku
dh cgqr lh [k+kl pht+ksa dk uke ysdj crk;k x;k gS
fd vYykg us bu lc pht+kas dks balku gh dh f[k+ner
ds fy, iSnk fd;k gS vkSj mlds fy, mUgsa yxk fn;k
;kuh mudh ckr ekuus okyk cuk fn;kA tSls lwjt]
pkn] flrkjs] igkM+] isM] tkuoj] nfj;k] df'r;k fQj
;s Hkh Q+jek fn;k fd tks dqN Hkh t+ehu esa ik;k tkrk
gS og lc dk lc bUlku ds fy, eql[+[k+j dj fn;k
x;k gS vkSj bl ls Hkh c<+dj lwj, yqde+ ku vk;r&20
esa ;gk rd crk fn;k x;k% rtqZek%& ^^D;k rqe yksx
;s ugha ns[krs fd vYykg us rqEgkjs gh dke esa yxk
j[kk gS mu lc pht+kas dks tks vklekuksa esa gSa vkSj tks
t+ehu esa gS vkSj mlus rqe ij viuh t+kfgjh vkSj
ckfruh lkjh usersa iwjh dj nh gSaA
dksbZ vkSj ugha ;s flQZ+ bLyke gh gS ftlus
nqfu;k dks balku ds lgh rlOoqj] vlyh ejrcs vkSj
gd+hd+h ed+ke o eaft+y ls vkxkg fd;k vkSj mlesa ;s
gkSlyk vkSj tqjvr iSnk dh fd og dk,ukr dh cM+h
vkSj NksVh pht+kas dks ltnk djus ds ctk, mu ij
gqdew r djs vkSj muls viuh tk,t+ t+:jrksa dks iwjk
djs vkSj lkFk gh mudh iSnkbZ'k ds Nqis gq, Hksn dks
ekywe djsA og t+ehu ds ftxj dks phj Mkys] igkM+kas
5
dh pV~Vkuksa dks QkM+ Mkys] gokvksa ds pIis&pIis ij
mM+]s leqUnzkas dh rg esa mrj tk, vkSj lS;kjksa ij igqp
dj muds vUnj vYykg dh fu'kkfu;ksa dks viuh vk[kksa
ls ns[k ysA x+jt+ balku dk,ukr dh fdlh pht+ dh Hkh
xqy+ keh ds fy, ugha iSnk fd;k x;k cfYd mlds iSnkbZ'k
esa cyUnh] cjrjh vkSj ljnkjh j[kh xbZ gSA mldks
t+ehu o vkleku ij Hkjiwj gqdew r feyh gS] mls
rkd+r o dqO+ or ds u [k+Re gksus okys [k+tk+ us fn;s x, gSa
vkSj vYykg dh rjQ ls mldks fjT+d+ ds ,sls t+[k+hjs
fn;s x, gSa ftuesa mldh ft+na xh ds ckd+h jgus vkSj
[+k'q kgkyh ds jkt+ Nqis gq, gSAa ;s fjT+d+ flQ+Z ogh ugha gS
ftls [kk fy;k tk, cfYd bl ls eqjkn gj og t+:jr
gS ftl ij balku dh rjD+dh+ vkSj ft+Unxh fVdh gqbZ gSA
;g og fjT+d+ gS tks ml ^^mM+us okys ifjUns** dh mM+ku
dks de ugha djrk cfYd mlds fy, dk,ukr dh
cM+kbZ;ksa dks yxk nsrk gSA dk,ukr dh lkjh pkbZ;k
balku dks blh fjT+d+ ls feyrh gSa tks vYykg us mlds
fy, rS; fd;k gS ftls NksMu+ k ekSr gS vkSj ftldk
gkfly dj ysuk ges'kk dh ft+Unxh gS&
,s rk,js ykgwrh ml fjT+d+ ls ekSr vPNh
ftl fjT+d+ ls vkrh gks ijokt+ esa dksrkgh
vYykg us balku gh dh iSnkbZ'k ij dqj+ vkus
gdhe esa vius csgrjhu [k+kfyd+ gksus dk bu y+tk+ as esa
ft+ Q+jek;k gS& rtqeZ k%& ^^vYykg dh gLrh cM+h
cjdr okyh gS tks lkjs iSnk djus okyksa ls csgrj gS**
fQj lwj, oRrhu esa dkfey balku dh iSnkbZ'k dks gh
^^vglfu rd+ohe** ;kuh csgrjhu vankt+ dh iSnkbZ'k
dk f[k+rkc vrk gqvk gSA bl rjg bLyke us dkfey
balku dk tks [k+;ky is'k fd;k gS og ;s gS fd dk,ukr
ds iwjs lekt esa ml ls csgrj dksbZ ugha] og dk,ukr
dk [k+kfne ugha cfYd dk,ukr [+kqn mldh f[k+ner
djus okyh gS] og mldk gkfde gS] mldk ljnkj gS
vkSj t+ehu esa vYykg dk uk,c gS] ysfdu blh ds
lkFk bLyke us ;s Hkh crk fn;k gS fd balku dks mldh
vlyh txg flQZ+ mlh oD+r fey ldrh gS tc og
vYykg ds fn;s gq, t+fj;ksa vkSj rkd+rksa dks lgh rjhd+s
viSzy&2011 ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[ku
ij bLrseky Hkh djs vkSj vius ntsZ vkSj ed+ke dks
gkfly djus dh dksf'k'k Hkh djsA mlds ikl t+fj;s gS]a
dqO+ or o rkd+r gS rks mlds pkjks rjQ+ ,d t+cjnLr
rwQk+ u Hkh gS exj lgh ekus esa balku ogh gS tks
eqf'dyksa dks dqpy dj viuh eaft+y dk jkLrk ryk'k
dj ys vkSj muesa ls dksbZ pht+ Hkh mlds fy, #dkoV
u cu ldsA lwj, cyn vk;r&4 esa blh gd+hd+r dh
rjQ+ b'kkjk fd;k x;k gS ;s Q+jek dj] rtqeZ k%& ge
us balku dks cM+h e'kD+dr+ ds fy, iSnk fd;k gS vkSj
lkFk gh lwj, vUuTe vk;r 39 esa ;s Hkh Q+jek fn;k
x;k] rqteZ k%& balku dks flQZ+ ogh feysxk ftldh og
esgur o dksf'k'k djsxkA x+jt+ bLyke us balku dh
vt+er o cyUnh crkus ds lkFk gh ;s ckr Hkh crk
nh gS fd mls ;s cyUnh flQZ+ mlh oD+r fey ldrh
gS tc og dksf'k'k vkSj esgur djs] gkFk ij gkFk kjs
cSBk u jgs cfYd mu rkd+rksa vkSj lykfg;rksa vkSj jkLrksa
dks dke esa yk, tks vYykg us mls vrk fd;s gSAa
bLyke dh bLrsykg esa gd+hd+h balku vlyh
eksfeu gksrk gS vkSj gd+hd+h eksfeu balku gksrk gSA
vlyh eksfeu ;k gd+hd+h balku dHkh dksf'k'k ls /;ku
ugha gVkrk vkSj dHkh mldks eqlhcrksa vkSj eqf'dyksa ds
rwQk+ u ek;wl ugha cukrsA og vius vey ls viuh
rd+nhj cukrk gS vkSj viuh dksf'k'k ls viuh fd+Ler
laokjrk gS og bjkns vkSj et+crw h dk eqtLlek gqvk
djrk gSA vkagt+jr vius vLgkc ls Q+jek;k djrs
Fks ^^rqe ls igys tks yksx xqtj+ x, gSa mUgsa vkjs ls
phj dj nks VqdM+s dj fn;k tkrk Fkk] muds cnu ij
yksgs dh daf?k;k pykbZ tkrh Fkha ftldh otg ls mudh
[kky muds xks'r ls vyx gks tkrh Fkh exj ;s dM+h
vkt+ekb'ksa Hkh mUgsa nhus gd+ ls tqnk u dj ldhaA**
;gh lcz ;gh bjknk vkSj et+cwrh vkSj ;gh
dksf'k'k vkSj vey nwljs y+tk+ as esa bZeku gS ftlds
cxSj+ cyUnh ugha fey ldrh vkSj blh dh rjQ+
dqj+ vkus gdhe us ;s dgdj b'kkjk fd;k gS] rtqeZ k%&
vxj rqe esa lPpk bZeku gS rks rqe gh lcls cyUn
vkSj lc ij x+kfyc jgksxAs 'ks"k----- ist 14 ij
6


d+k,ns feYyr ekSykuk lS0 dYcs tokn ud+oh] tujy lssVh etfyl myek&,&fgUn
vuqokn% lS;n lqQ+;ku vgen unoh
7 vki mu yksxksa ds fy, uez fny gSaA** vkys bejku]
bLyke dh eq[k+kfyQ+r mldh 'kq#vkr ls vk;r&159 ,d txg ij eqlyekuksa dks gqDe fn;k
ysdj vkt rd py jgh gS vkSj vkxs Hkh pyrh tk jgk gS] eryc%& ^^bZeku okyks! rqe lc eqdEey
jgsxhA gj t+ekus dh 'kSrkuh rkd+ras bLyke ls Vdjkrh rjhd+s ls vEu o lqyg ds ?ksjs esa nkf[k+y gks tkvks
jgh gSa vkSj mldks uqd+lku igqpkus ds fy, gj vkSj 'kSrku ds d+ne ls d+ne feykdj u pyks
rjhd+k vkt+ek;k tk jgk gSA bl t+ekus esa bl uQ+jr ;d+huu og rqEgkjk [kqyk gqvk nq'eu gSA** lwj,
Hkjh eqfge esa oSls rks rd+jhcu gj xS+j eqfLye cd+jk] vk;r&208 ;s vk;rs djhek [kqys rkSj ij
lk>hnkj vkSj lkFkh gS] ysfdu vkxs&vkxs if'peh ns'k ,yku dj jgh gS fd bLykeh d+kuwu dh cqfu;kn lqYg
gSa] ftudk ljx+uk vkSj ft+Eesnkj vejhdk vkSj o vEu gSA dq+jvku ethn tax dh vkx HkM+dkus
mldk fiNyXxw bLjkbZy gSA t+kfgjh rkSj ij muesa ls okyksa dks 'kkSrku dk ekuus okyk crk jgk gSA ;kuh
dqN dh t+ckuksa ij bLyke dh rkjhQ+ Hkh gS vkSj dq+jvku djhe dh ut+j esa tax ilanh 'kSrku dk
jet+kuqy eqckjd ds ekSd+s ij bQ+rkj dk ,grseke rjhd+k vkSj vEu vkSj lqyg jgeku dk rjhd+k gSA
Hkh gS] ysfdu Nqis rkSj ij bLyke dh cjcknh ds fy, eqgCcr vkSj jger dh fdrkc ,yku dj jgh gS]
;g lc ,dtqV vkSj ,d vgn ls tqMs+ gSa vkSj buds eryc%& ^^mldh fu'kkfu;ksa esa ;s ;s Hkh gS fd mlus
Nqis ,ts.Ms dh igyh ckr bLyke dks tM+ ls m[kkM+ rqEgkjk tksM+k rqEgha esa ls iSnk fd;k rkfd rqEgsa lqdwu
Qsaduk gSA t+cku o d+ye ls cjkcj geys gSa fd gkfly gks vkSj fQj rqEgkjs chp eqgCcr vkSj jger
bLyke esa r'kn~nqn gS] t+cjnLrh gS] blds d+kuwu esa d+jkj nhA blesa le> j[kus okyksa ds fy, cgqr ls
jgefnyh vkSj :gkfu;r ugh gS vkSj balku ds vf/ fu'kkfu;k ikbZ tkrh gSaA** lwj, :e] vk;r&220
kdkjksa dks cckZn djuk bLyke dk rjhd+k gS] tcfd balkuksa ds njfe;ku eqgCcr vkSj myQ+r dh bZtkn
gd+hd+r esa bLyke jger dk nhu gS] esgjckuh uehZ dks vYykg rvkyk us vius eksftt+ksa vkSj fu'kkfu;ksa
vkSj eqgCcr dk nhu gSA bldh igyh nyhy [+kqn esa 'kqekj fd;k gSA vc i<+us okys [+knq QSlyk djsa fd
dq+jvku ethn dh 'kq#vkr gSA [+kqnk ds dyke dh ,sls d+kuwu esa ftldh cqfu;kn jger] eqgCcr gks
'kq#vkr gh y+t+ jgeku vkSj jghe ls gksrh gSA r'kn~nqn vkSj vkradokn dh txg dgk iSnk gksrh gS\
dqj+ vku ethn us eqlyekuksa dks gqDe fn;k gS] eryc%& beke tkQ+j lkfnd+ ls fdlh us iwNk nhu D;k
^^vki cqjkbZ dks vPNkbZ ls nwj dhft,** lwj, eksfeuwu] gS\ vki us Q+jek;k% ^^D;k nhu eqgCcr ds vykok
vk;r&96 ;kuh cqjkbZ ds tokc esa cqjkbZ vkSj tqY+ e ds dqN vkSj gS\** fQj beke us viuh ckr dh nyhy
tokc esa tqY+ e dh btkt+r ugha gSA nwljh txg bj'kkn esa dq+jvku ethn dh vk;r is'k Q+jekbZ] eryc%&
gS] eryc%& ^^,s iSxE+ cjl0 ;s vYykg dh jger gS fd ^^vxj rqe vYykg ls eqgCcr djrs gks rks jlwyl0
viSzy&2011 ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[ku 7
dh iSjoh djks vYykg Hkh rqEgsa egcwc j[ksxkA**
vkys bejku] vk;r&31 ;kuh vey djus dh
otg] b'd+ vkSj eqgCcr gh gSA ,d nwljh gnhl esa
gS% ^^nhu eqgCcr gS vkSj eqgCcr nhu gS** eht+kuqy
fgDek] ft&2 ist&215 D;k ftl nhu esa gj vey
dh cqfu;kn eqgCcr dks d+jkj fn;k x;k gks\ tgk nhu
iwjs dk iwjk eqgCcr gks] ogk csnnhZ] ekj&dkV]
vR;kpkj vkSj vkradokn ds t+fj, csxqukgksa dks ekj
Mkyus dh btkt+r gks ldrh gS\
vkt dk Q+ylQ+k gS fd eqgCcr vkSj tax esa
gj pht+ tk,t+ gSA tax thr yks pkgs cgknqjh ls ;k
pkykdh vkSj eDdkjh ls] ysfdu tc bLykeh Q+kSt
tkus yxrh Fkh rks jlwys bLykel0 mls eq[k+krc djds
Q+jekrs Fks fd ns[kks tax djus rks tk jgs gks] exj
gol vkSj pkgr dks vius fny esa txg u nsukA
rqEgkjk gj vey vYykg dh et+hZ ds eqrkfcd+ gksuk
pkfg, vkSj gj vey esa bLyke dh cM+kbZ lkeus jgsA
Q+jekrs Fks% ns[kks pksjh u djuk vkSj cgkus vkSj /kksds
ls dke u ysukA ;gk ij viuksa dh 'krZ ugha yxkbZ
gS] ;kuh viuksa dks /kksdk nsuk rks cgqr nwj dh ckr
gS bLyke tax ds eSnku esa tku ds nq'euksa dks Hkh /kksdk
nsus dh btkt+r ugha ns jgk gSA Q+jekrs Fks] nq'eu dh
yk'kksa dh csbT+tr+ h u djukA vxj nq'eu ls dksbZ vgn
gks tk, rks mldh bT+tr+ djuk] det+kjs vkSj cslgkjk
yksxksa dks] cPpksa vkSj vkSjrksa dks nqfu;k ls vyx&Fkyx
yksxksa dks gjfxt+ d+Ry u djukA isM+ksa dks u tykuk
cgqr t+:jh gks rks mudks dkVuk] nq'eu ds ikuh esa
t+gj u feykukA vkius ns[kk fd bLykeh jger flQZ+
balkuksa ls tqMh+ ugha gS] cfYd blds ?ksjs esa cstku pht+as
Hkh vkrh gSaA blfy, iSx+Ecjs bLykel0 us gqDe fn;k
fd nq'eu ds bykd+s esa gjs&Hkjs ekgkSy dks uqd+lku u
igqpkvksA vxj isM+ dkVuk t+:jh gks rks flQZ+ mruk
dkVks ftruh t+:jr gks] ;kuh bLyke dks HkM+drh gqbZ
tax dh vkx esa Hkh ekgkSy dh gfj;kyh dk [k+;ky gSA
;gwfn;ksa ds lcls et+crw fd+ys [k+cS j ds ?ksjko dks rhu
g+rs xqtj+ pqds Fks] exj fd+ys ij thr ugha fey ik
jgh Fkh] ;gwnh cgqr gh l[+rh ls cpko dj jgs FksA ,d
p'ek fd+ys ds ckgj ls vUnj dh rjQ+ tkrk Fkk] ftl
viSzy&2011 ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[ku
ls ;gwnh viuh I;kl cq>krs FksA fdlh us jlwyYq ykgl0
dks e'ojk fn;k fd vxj bl p'es esa tg+j feyk
fn;k tk, rks fcuk esgur ds thr fey tk,xhA
jlwyl0 us l[+rh ls budkj fd;k fd ;s cqt+fnyh gS]
bl rjg ls vxj tax thrh rks bLyke dh thr ugha]
cfYd gkj gksxhA bldk eryc ;s gS fd tax esa gj
pht+ tk;t+ gS] exj bLyke esa tax ugha tsgkn gS vkSj
tsgkn esa igyh 'krZ rd+ok gSA blfy, cnz dh tax ds
fy, dq+jvku ethn us ,yku Q+jek;k] eryc%& ,s
eqlyekuks vxj rqe us eSnku esa lcz fd;k vkSj rd+os
dks pquk rks thr rqEgkjh gksxhA ;gh rd+ok gS tks tax
ds eSnku dks bcknrxkg esa cny nsrk gS vkSj tax
tsgkn cu tkrh gSA
jlwys bLykel0 viuh Q+kSt dks f[k+rkc djds
Q+jekrs Fks] ^^vxj fdlh eqlyeku us pkgs og NksVk
gks ;k cM+k fdlh bLyke ds nq'eu dks iukg ns nh rks
ml iukg nsus dh bT+t+r dh tk, vkSj ml dkfQ+j
;k eqf'jd dks tax ds eSnku ls fdlh vEu dh txg
ij ys tk;k tk, vkSj mlds lkeus cgqr gh eqgCcr
ls bLyke dh vPNkbZ;k vkSj [+kwfc;k is'k dh tk,aA
vxj og eqlyeku gks tk, rks mls eqlyekuksa ds lkjs
gqdw+d+ fey tk,axs vkSj og rqEgkjk HkkbZ gS vkSj vxj
mlus bLyke dq+cwy ugha fd;k ;k lkspus le>us ds
fy, vkSj oD+r ekxk rks mls fcuk fdlh uqd+lku ds
lgh vkSj lkfye mlds bykd+s rd okil igqpk nsuk
vkSj mls fdlh Hkh rjg dh rdyhQ+ igqpkus dk gd+
fdlh eqlyeku dks u gksxkA* jlwyqYykgl0 ds lkjs
Q+jeku dq+jvku ethn ds fglkc ls gSaA t+kfgj gS fd
bu lHkh dkeksa ds fy, cgqr cM+k fny pkfg,A chp
tax ds eSnku esa tc lj dV&dV dj mNy jgs gksa]
[+kwu dh ckfj'k gks jgh gks] ,sls ekSd+s ij vius nq'eu
ds lkFk jge vkSj esgjckuh dk lqywd djus ds fy,
leUnj ls cM+k lhuk vkSj igkM+ksa ls T+;knk et+cwr
bZeku dh t+:jr gS] blhfy, jlwyqYykgl0 us vkf[k+j
esa Q+jek;k% ^^bu dkeksa dks vUtke nsus ds fy,
vYykg rvkyk ls enn ekxrs jgksA** fcg#y
vuokj] ft&42 ist 246&257
c'kqf;k jkstu+ kek jk"Vh; lgkjk mnwZ ] 25 Q+jojh 2011bZ0
8
8 gS vkSj tax dh gkyr cpko dh gSA bLyke esa tsgkn
fiNys et+euw esa ;s ckr bl ed+ke rd igqph
Fkh fd Bhd tax ds eSnku esa tc [+kwu dh ckfj'k gks
jgh gks] ?keklku dk ju gks] ryokjsa py jgh gks]a lgh
vkSj lPpk eqlyeku og gS] tks bu gkykr esa Hkh
vius nq'eu ij T+;knrh u djs vkSj mlds lkFk jge
ls is'k vk,A vkt dh rgt+hc vkSj ren~nuq dk nkok
djus okyh nqfu;k esa Hkh tax ds ekSd+s ij nq'eu ls
jger vkSj eqgCcr dk lqywd ukeqefdu ckrksa esa ls
gS fd ftldk gqDe bLyke us vkt ls 14 lkS lky
igys vius ekuus okyksa dks fn;k gSA vkt Hkh vejhdk
dh ljijLrh esa bLjkbZy ds cEckjh djus okys tgkt+]
iukg ysus okyks]a dSEiks]a vLirkyks]a ;rhe[k+kuks]a Ldwyksa
ij cEckjh djrs ut+j vkrs gSAa ckslfu;k dh lcls
cqjh felky gekjs lkeus gS] tgk ,sls tq+Ye gq, fd
gSokfu;r 'keZ [kk tk,A dk'k gekjh ;s ckrsa bLyke
ij bYt+ke yxkus okyksa rd igqp ldsaA [k+kldj mu
eqlyeku cPpksa vkSj tokuksa rd igqp Aas ftUgsa vejhdk
vkSj bLjkbZy ds [k+jhns gq, eksyoh vkRe?kkrh geykoj
cuus ij etcwj dj nsrs gSa] ftldh otg ls vc
rd yk[kksa csxuq kg eqlyekuksa dh tkusa bjkd+] ikfdLrku]
vQ+x+kfuLrku oxS+jk esa cckZn gks pqdh gSaA
rkjh[k+ xokg gS fd tc bRrsgknh Q+kSft;ksa us
teZu dh jkt/kkuh cfyZu ij d+Ct+k fd;k rks tq+Yeks
flre ds rwQ+ku mBk fn;s] ;gk rd fd ekvksa dh
xksnksa ls cPpksa dks Nhudj gok esa mNkyrs Fks vkSj
xksfy;ksa dk fu'kkuk cuk nsrs Fks] ysfdu tc jlwyYq ykgl0
thr okyh 'kku ls eDdk esa nkf[k+y gq, rks D;ksafd
eDdk okyksa us eqlyekuksa dks l[+r rdyhQ+sa nh Fkha
vkSj fdrus eqlyeku bu rdyhQ+kas dh otg ls 'kghn
gks x, Fks] blfy, ,d cqtq+xZ lgkch gt+jr lkn fcu
mcknkjft+0 dh t+cku ls fudy x;kA ^^vkt barsd+ke
vkSj [+kuw cgkus dk fnu gS** tSls gh jlwyl0 dks [k+cj
gqbZ muds gkFk ls >.Mk ys fy;k vkSj ,yku djok;k%
^^vkt esgjckuh dk fnu gS** eDdk ds lkjs d+kfryksa
vkSj rdyhQ+ nsus okyksa dks bdVBk djds ,yku
fd;k% ^^tkvks rqe vkt+kn gks**A
bLyke esa lcls igyh pht+ lqYg vkSj vEu
viSzy&2011 ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[ku
dh :g cpko djuk gS u fd geyk] jlwys ikdl0 dh
lhjr dk lcls vge fgLlk ;gh gS fd dHkh geys
esa igy ugha dhA bLykeh Q+kSt ds dek.Mj ls dgrs
gq, Q+jek;k Fkk fd tc Hkh nq'eu dk lkeuk gks rks
muds lkeus rhu ckrsa j[kks fd buesa ls dksbZ ,d
dq+cwy dj ysa% ;k bLyke dq+cwy dj ysa] ;k ftT+;k
nsuk eUtw+j dj ysa ;k fQj tax ds eSnku ls iyV
tk,aA vxj buesa ls dskbZ ,d ckr dq+cwy gks xbZ rks
vc tax dk dksbZ loky ughaA gt+jr vyhv0 us
tey dh tax esa vius Q+kSft;ksa ls f[k+rkc Q+jek;k
Fkk] ^^rqEgkjh rjQ+ ls u dksbZ rhj pyk;k tk,xk] u
usts+ ls okj gksxk] u rqe viuh ryokjksa dks U;keksa ls
ckgj fudkyks] cfYd gqTtr dks iwjk djks] muds
lkeus nyhysa is'k djksA** taxs fl+Q+hu esa Hkh vius
y'dj ds dek.Mj ekfyds v'rjv0 ls Q+jek;k Fkk%
tax rqEgkjh rjQ+ ls 'kq# ugha gksuk gS] exj ;s fd
lkeus okyk tax dh 'kq#vkr djsA vxj nq'eu tax
'kq# djs] rc rqEgsa gfFk;kj mBkuk gS** ;kuh tax dh
gkyr cpko djus okyh gksuh pkfg,A eqlyekuksa dh
lcls e'kgwj rkjh[k+ ^^rkjh[k+s rcjh** esa gt+jr
vyhv0 ds tqeys egQw+t+ gS fd og tc Hkh nq'eu ds
lkeus gksrs Fks rks viuh Q+kSt dks f[k+rkc djds
Q+jekrs Fks% ^^vxj rqEgkjs lkeus ls rqEgkjk nq'eu
Hkkxs rks dHkh Hkkxrs gq, dks d+Ry u djuk] vxj
nq'eu t+[e+ h gks tk, rks mls d+Ry u djukA mls uaxk
er djuk vjc dk rjhd+k ;s Fkk fd d+kfry]
ed+rwy dh lkjh pht+ksa ij d+Ct+k dj ysrk Fkk] ;gk
rd fd diM+s Hkh mrkj ysrk Fkk tc nq'euksa ds ?kjksa
rd igqpks rks muds ?kj okyksa dh csbT+t+rh u djuk]
fcuk btkt+r muds ?kj esa nkf[k+y u gksuk] muds ?kjksa
dks u ywVuk] fdlh vkSjr dks rdyhQ+ u igqpkuk]
vxj og rqEgsa xkfy;k Hkh D;ksa u ns jgh gks] ;gk rd
fd pkgs rqEgkjs dek.Mjksa vkSj ljnkjksa dks cqjk&Hkyk
dg jgh gksaA** rkjh[k+s rcjh] ft&5 ist&10
nwljh taxs vt+he dh gkSyukfd;ksa ds ckn 12
vxLr 1949bZ0 esa ftusok esa ,d dkUsal esa rtoht+
ikl gqbZ] ftlesa taxh dS+fn;ksa] tax esa t+[+eh gksus okys
'ks"k----- ist 4 ij
9

tukc 'kdhy glu 'kelh lkgc ^^jk"Vh; lgkjk** nsgyh
vuqoknd% lS;n lqQ+;ku vgen unoh
if'pe ,f'k;k esa tks dqN gks jgk gS mlds ckjs
esa t+gu esa dbZ loky mHkjrs gSa tSls fd D;k ;s bLykeh
bUdsy+ kc gS\ ifCyd ds tkxus dh dksbZ ygj gS\ ifCyd
dk oD+rh tquuw gS\ dksbZ xgjh lkft+'k gS\ vkfejks]a 'kkgksa
vkSj Q+ktS h tujyksa ds flrkjs xfnZ'k esa gS\a [k+jcwts+ dks
ns[kdj [k+jcwtk+ jax idM+ jgk gS\ nch vkSj dqpyh gqbZ
ifCyd ds fy, lj mBkdj thus dk bykgh gqDe vk
x;k gS\ lkezkt us vius tks ,tsUV eqlyekuksa ij
eqlYyr fd, Fks mu ,tsUVksa ds [k+kres dk fcxqy ct
x;k gS\ ;k vYykg dh rjQ+ ls t+kfyeksa dh tks jLlh
c<+kbZ xbZ Fkh] mlds dlus ds fnu vk x, gS\a buesa ls
fdlh ,d loky dk tokc oD+r t+:j nsxk rc gh
ekywe gksxk fd bruh cM+h rcnhyh dh vly otg D;k
FkhA lkjh nqfu;k gSjku gS fd ,d lkFk brus eqYdksa esa
vpkud bUdsy+ kc ds <ksy dSls ctus yxs\ vkt rd
dHkh ,slk ugha gqvk fd kal ds bUdsy+ kc us teZuh esa
viuh lksp igqp k nh gks ;k fQj phu ds lq[k+Z bUdsy+ kc
dk vlj fgUnqLrku esa eglwl fd;k x;k gks\ ;s vyx
ckr gS fd bu bUdsy+ kcksa dk FkksMk+ cgqr vlj vklikl
ds eqekfyd esa clus okys dqN yksxksa ds fnyksa ij gqvk]
ysfdu vokeh rgjhd dh 'kDy esa fdlh bUdsy+ kc us
dHkh txg ugha cukbZA
vycRrk bZjku ds bLykeh bUdsy+ kc ds ckn
nqfu;k ds dbZ eqYdksa us igyh ckj bl ckr dh
f'kdk;r dh fd bZjku bLykeh bUdsy+ kc dks muds ;gk
igqpkus dh dksf'k'k dj jgk gS vkSj ;g bUdsy+ kc
yscuku vkSj fQ+yLrhu esa igqpk Hkh] tgk fgT+cqYykg
vkSj gekl tSlh bUdsy+ kch tekvrsa bLjkbZy ds t+kfye
viSzy&2011 ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[ku
gqDejkuksa ls Vdjkus dks rS;kj gks xbZ]a ysfdu bZjku dk
bUdsy+ kc Hkh bl rjg vkxs ugha c<+ ldk] ftl rjg
ls V~;fq uf'k;k vkSj felz dk bUdsy+ kc vkxs c<+kA
V~;fq uf'k;k vkSj felz esa tks dqN gqvk vkSj ftruh rsth+
ls gqvk mldh u rks fdlh dks mEehn Fkh u gh fdlh
us lkspk Fkk fd bruh et+crw gqdew rsa ,d gok ds >ksd a s
ds lkFk lw[ks gq, iRrksa dh rjg mM+dj fc[kj tk,axh\
V~;fq uf'k;k ds bUdsy+ kc us flQZ+ ,d 'k[+l dh tku dh
d+her ij vius fy, dke;kch gkfly dh] felz okys
brus [+k'q k fd+Ler ugha Fks] muds ;gk Q+ktS dk ,d
fgLlk ifCyd ds lkFk jgk fQj Hkh 350 yksxksa dh tkusa
bl bUdsy+ kc dh ut+j gks xbZ]a ysfdu vc yhfc;k ds
gqDejku eqvEej vy&d+tk+ Q+h] ;eu ds fMDVsVj
lkysg fcu vyh vkSj cgjSu ds 'kkg gekn fcu bZlk
vy&[k+yhQ+k us vius 'kgfj;ksa ij xksfy;ksa dh ckfj'k
djds blls Hkh cM+h rknkn esa yksxksa dh tkusa ysus dk
QSl+ yk dj fy;kA [k+kl rkSj ij yhfc;k ds gqDejku
eqvEej vy&d+tk+ Q+h ds csVs lSQyq+ bLyke us ,d
Vsyhoht+u c;ku esa ;s dgdj gypy epk nh fd og
rc rd bl vokeh rgjhd dk eqdk+ cyk djsxa s tc
rd fd yhfc;k dk vkf[k+jh enZ vkSj vkf[k+jh vkSjr
ckd+h gSA bl tqeys ls cki csVs ds ukikd bjknksa dk
vankt+k yxk;k tk ldrk gSA ;s ckr vkSj gS fd lSQyq+
bLyke ds gkFkksa esa bLykeh ryokj ugha cfYd fMDVsVj
dh ryokj gS] ftlds t+fj;s og vius cki dh
tku'khuh dk [+okc ns[k jgk gSA
d+t+kQ+h dks yhfc;k ij gqdwer djrs gq, 40
lky gks pqds gSaA ;kn jgs fd yhfc;k ds nsgkrh lekt
10
esa iSnk gksus okys cqtx+q Z vcq efu;kj vy&d+tk+ Q+h dks
'kq# ls gh yhfc;k ds yksx ,d tks'khys vkSj d+keS
ijLr ukStoku dh 'kDy esa igpkurs gS]a mUgksua s viuh
'k[k+fl;r dks bl rjg <kyk fd yksx mudks yhfc;k
dk vt+he liwr ekusAa d+tk+ Q+h felz ds gqDejku teky
vCnqUukflj dh ikWyhfl;ksa ls cgqr eqrkfLlj Fks vkSj
ugjs lksbtZ + ds d+kfS e;k, tkus ds flyflys esa tks elyk
felz esa iSnk gqvk] mlesa bLjkbZy ds f[k+ykQ+ lHkh
vjc eqYdksa esa ,grstkth eqtk+ gjs gq,A eqvEej
vy&d+tk+ Q+h us yhfc;k esa gksus okys bLjkbZy eq[k+kfyQ+
eqtk+ gjksa esa c<+p<+ dj fgLlk fy;k ckn esa eqvEej
vy&d+tk+ Q+h us vkyk rkyhe gkfly dh vkSj yhfc;k
dh Q+ktS esa ukSdjh gkfly dh vkSj duZy ds vksgns
rd rjD+d+h dhA 1967 esa bLjkbZy ds gkFkksa vjc
eqYdksa dh 'keZukd gkj us eqvEej vy&d+tk+ Q+h ds
fnyks fnekx+ dks Hkh eqrkfLlj fd;k vkSj 1969 esa
mUgksua s yhfc;k ds gqdejku bnjhl 'kkg dh gqdew r dk
r[+rk ml oD+r iyV fn;k] tc og bykt ds fy,
rqdhZ x, gq, FksA duZy d+tk+ Q+h us vius eqYd ls 'kkgh
gqdew r [k+Re djds mldks ,d tegwjh eqYd cukus dk
,yku fd;k] ysfdu vkWQh+ f'k;y uke cnys tkus ds
vykok eqYd ds fut+ke esa dksbZ rcnhyh ugha vkbZA
yhfc;k 'kga'kkfg;r dh t+ta hjksa ls fudydj ,d Q+ktS h
ds tky esa fxj+rkj gks x;kA ukflj ds ejus ds ckn
d+tk+ Q+h us ,d cM+s vkSj ps yhMj cuus dk [+okc
ns[kk vkSj ukflj dh txg ysus dh dksf'k'k dhA 1972
esa d+tk+ Q+h ij E;qfu[k+ vksyfEid esa bLjkbZyh f[kykfM+;ksa
dk d+Ry djus okyksa dks lkt+ks lkeku fnykus dk
bYt+ke yxk;k x;kA blh lky d+tk+ Q+h us nqfu;k dks
;s dgdj pkSd a k fn;k fd 'kke] yhfc;k vkSj felz ,d
gksuk pkgrs gS]a iM+kls ds vjc eqYdksa esa bl ,yku ls
dkQ+h gypy iSnk gks xbZ] ysfdu nks lky dh vaFkd
esgur Hkh dke u vkbZ vkSj rhuksa eqYdksa us ,d gksus
dh 'krksaZ dks u ekurs gq, ,d gksus dh jk; dk
dQ+u&nQ+u dj fn;k ysfdu d+tk+ Q+h dk ghjks cuus
dk 'kkSd+ [k+Re ugha gqvk vkSj og rjg&rjg ds Mkes
viSzy&2011 ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[ku
djrs jgsA 1978 esa mu ij bYt+ke yxk fd yscuku
ds bady+s kch f'k;k yhMj ewlk lnz dks mUgksua s x+k;c
djokus esa lh0vkbZ0,0 dh enn dh gS] yscukuh f'k;ksa
dk dguk Fkk fd ewlk lnz vius nks lkfFk;ksa vCckl
cn#n~nhu vkSj 'kS[k+ eqgEen ;kd+cw ds lkFk tc
yhfc;k esa frfjiksyh ds gokbZ vM~Ms ij mrjs rks
d+tk+ Q+h us mudk vigj.k djokus ds ckn d+Ry djok
fn;k] gkykafd d+tk+ Q+h us cgqr l[+rh ls budkj fd;k
ysfdu fdlh dks ;d+hu ugha vk;k fd muds x+k;c
gksus esa d+tk+ Q+h dk gkFk ugha gSA 1973 esa iM+kls h
gqdew r r'kkn ftldks vaxtzs h+ esa pkM fy[kk tkrk gS
ls ,d tt+hjs dh feyfd;r dks ysdj gksus okys >xM+s
dks bl rjg lqy>kus dh dksf'k'k dh fd r'kkn ij
d+Ct+k gh dj fy;k] ysfdu ckn esa vUrjZk"Vh; ncko
dh otg ls mudks viuh Q+ktS as r'kkn ls gVkuk iM+h]a
ysfdu ;s ckr gSjku dj nsus okyh gS fd bZjku ds
bLykeh bUdsy+ kc dh d+tk+ Q+h us [kqydj fgek;r dh
vkSj ckn esa bZjku ij bjkd+ dh jk"Vifr ln~nke ds
t+fj, p<+kbZ fd;s tkus dh Hkh d+tk+ Q+h us [kqydj
et+Eer dhA bldh otg 'kk;n ;s Hkh Fkh fd d+tk+ Q+h
dh vejhdk ls nq'euh dh 'kq#vkr gks xbZ Fkh vkSj
pwfd nq'eu dk nq'eu nksLr gksrk gS] blhfy, mUgksua s
bykd+s esa vejhdk ds lcls cM+s nq'eu bZjku dh
rjQ+nkjh dhA ml oD+r ds vejhdh jk"Vifr jksukYM
jhxu us d+tk+ Q+h dh ikWyhfl;ksa ls ty Hkqudj mudks
if'pe ,f'k;k dk ^ikxy dqRrk* dgdj eq[k+krc fd;k
FkkA d+tk+ Q+h us vejhdk vkSj fczVus dh t+cjnLr
eq[k+kyQ+r djds [+knq dks ,d vjc ghjks ds :i esa vke
vjcksa ds lkeus is'k fd;k] cfYd ;w dgk tk, fd mUgksua s
bu lc gjdrksa dh vkM+ esa viuh gqdew r dh d'rh dks
Mwcus ls cpk, j[kkA bl chp vejhdk us dbZ ckj
yhfc;k ds isVk yS cksVl~ dks fu'kkuk cuk;kA 1990 esa ,d
vejhdh tgkt+ dks mM+k, tkus ds ekeys esa fQj ,d
ckj d+tk+ Q+h ykbV esa vk, vkSj vejhdk ls Vdjkus dh
dksf'k'k djus esa yx x,A vly esa d+tk+ Q+h dh flQ+Z
;gh dksf'k'k Fkh yhfc;k dh ifCyd ij pkgs tks Hkh
11
xqtj+ ]s ysfdu og lkjh nqfu;k ds eqlyekuksa esa vejhdk
vkSj bLjkbZy ds f[k+ykQ+ tks uQ+jr iSnk gks jgh gS]
mldks dS'k djrs jgsAa bles dkQ+h oD+r rd og
dke;kc Hkh jgs] ysfdu ykdjch ekeys esa vejhdk ds
lkFk&lkFk vUrjZk"Vh; fcjknjh ds ncko us d+tk+ Q+h dks
,dne rksMd + j j[k fn;k vkSj fQj mUgksua s if'peh
rkd+rksa ds lkeus lj >qdkus dk QSlyk fd;kA t+kfgj
gS fd ftl pht+ dks cqfu;kn cukdj d+tk+ Q+h us brus
fnuksa rd yhfc;k ds voke dks csodwQ + + cuk, j[kk]
ml ls ihNs gVus ds ckn mudh gqdew r dh rjQ+
ifCyd dk /;ku yxuk gh Fkk vkSj 42 lky rd
yhfc;k dh ifCyd ij viuh euekuh ikWyhfl;k Fkksius
okys bl gqDejku vkSj mlds csVs dk fny vHkh Hkh
Hkjk ugha gS vHkh Hkh nksuksa dh reUuk gS fd og yhfc;k
dh gqdew r ij d+Ct+k tek, jgsAa d+tk+ Q+h us yhfc;k dh
ifCyd ds fy, ftruh laxfnyh fn[kkbZ gS] bldh
mEehn fdlh dks ugha FkhA bl oD+r yhfc;k esa ftl
rjg ifCyd dks d+Ry fd;k tk jgk gS] mldks ns[kdj
yxrk gS fd yhfc;k dh ifCyd dh vk[kksa ij
vejhdk dh nq'euh dk tks inkZ Mky dj og [+knq dks
yhfc;kbZ ifCyd dk elhgk cukdj is'k dj Fks og
flok, gqdew r dh gol ds dqN vkSj u FkkA yhfc;k
ls tks [k+cjsa vk jgh gSa mu ls ekywe gks jgk gS fd ogk blfy, vyx&vyx eqYdksa esa vyx&vyx rkjh[k+kas esa
gokbZ tgkt+kas vkSj gsyhdkIVjksa ds t+fj, ifCyd ij
Q+k;fjax dh tk jgh gS vkSj yksxksa dh yk'kksa dks
cqyMkstj+ ksa ds t+fj, lM+dksa ls gVk;k tk jgk gSA ihj
ds fnu rks ,d [+k'q k[k+cjh Hkh vkbZ Fkh fd duZy
d+tk+ Q+h us Hkkxus dk jkLrk pqu fy;k gS vkSj og vc
osutw ,+q yk dh rjQ+ py fn;s gS]a tgk muds d+jhch
nksLr 'kkost+ mudh esgekuh ds fy, ekStnw gS]a ysfdu
bl ckr dks >qBykrs gq, d+tk+ Q+h us dgk fd og vHkh
frfjiksyh esa gh gSa] ftldk eryc ;gh fy;k tk jgk
gS fd duZy d+tk+ Q+h yhfc;k ds d+fczLrkuksa esa vkSj
ukStokuksa dks nQ+u djus dh lksp esa gSAa vius csVs dks
gqdew r esa ns[kus dh reUuk fny esa j[kus okys d+tk+ Q+h dk gd+ ugha FkkA vkSjrksa dks ?kj dh [+kcw lwjrh le>k
vHkh fdruh yhfc;kbZ ekvksa dh ftxj ds VqdM+kas dks
viSzy&2011 ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[ku
d+cz ds vU/ksjksa esa mrkjsxa s ekywe ugha] ysfdu ;s ckr rS
gS fd vc d+tk+ Q+h ds ikl gqdew r NksMu+ s ds vykok dksbZ
jkLrk ugha gSA if'pe ,f'k;k esa tks rwQk+ u vk;k gS vxj
bldh l[+rh dks og le> ysa rks 'kk;n mudh vkSj
muds [k+kunku dh tku cp tk, ojuk dksbZ nwj ugha fd
rsy ds dqv
ksa ls mcyus okyk ;s ifCyd dk [+kuw mudks
vkSj muds [k+kunku dks Mqcks nsA
c'kqf;k jkst+ukek jk"Vh; lgkjk mnwZ 23 Q+jojh 2011bZ0
baVjus'uy oseUl&Ms ds lkS lky
ftl rjg ;wjksi okyksa us enlZ&Ms] QknlZ&Msa
vkSj osyUVkbu&Ms tSls dqN [k+kl fnu vyx fd;s gSa mlh
rjg mUgksua s gj lky 8 ekpZ ds fnu dks baVjus'uy
oseUl&Ms d+jkj fn;kA ;wjksi okyksa dks vkSjrksa dh ;kn
1910bZ0 esa vkbZ vkSj mUgksua s MsuekdZ dh jkt/kkuh dksius
gSxu esa gksus okyh lks'kfyLV vkSjrksa dh nwljh lkykuk
dkUsla ds ekSd+s ij ;s QSl+ yk fd;k fd lky esa de ls
de ,d fnu rks vkSjrksa ds lkFk vPNs lqydw ds fy,
[k+kl dj gh fn;k tkuk pkfg,A blh dkUsla esa QSl+ yk
gqvk fd gj lky baVjus'uy oseUl&Ms euk;k tk,xkA
bl dkUsla ds ckn dbZ eqYdksa us vius ;gk ,d fnu
rS dj fy;k fd og baVjus'uy oseUl&Ms euk,ax]s
ysfdu fdlh ,d rkjh[k+ ij bRrsQk+ d+ ugha gks ldk
;s fnu euk;k tkus yxkA
'kq# ds fnuksa esa bldks b.Vjus'uy ofdZxa oseUl&Ms
ds :i esa euk;k tkrk FkkA 1911bZ0 esa teZuh esa igyk
baVjus'uy oseUl&Ms euk;k x;k ysfdu :l ds bady+s kc
ds ckn igyh ckj 1917bZ0 esa gd+hd+h rkSj ij oseUl&Ms
dks eukus dh rd+jhcksa dks ljdkjh ljijLrh gkfly gqbZ
vkSj ckd+k;nxh ls ;s fnu euk;k tkus yxkA
ysfdu ;s fnu dke&dkt djus okyh vkSjrksa
ds fy, [k+kl Fkk vkSj bl fnu dks ,d t'u ds rkSj
ij euk, tkus dk tokt+ Hkh Fkk D;ksfa d ,d t+ekus esa
vkSjrksa dks n+rjks]a nqdkuksa vkSj QSDfV;ksa esa dke djus
tkrk Fkk mudks enksaZ us bl rjg ck/k j[kk Fkk fd og
12
dkjksckjh rkSj ij ges'kk enksZa ij fVdh jgsa vkSj dHkh
Hkh vkt+knh ds lkFk viuh ft+na xh dk dksbZ QSlyk u
ys ldsAa iqjkus t+ekus esa t+fj;s Hkh ,sls u Fks vkSj
ft+Unxh xqtk+ jus ds fy, brus ljek, dh t+:jr Hkh
ugha Fkh blfy, vkSjrksa dk dke djuk u djuk bruk
vge Hkh ugha Fkk blfy, tc ;wjksi esa vkSjrksa dks dke
djus dk gd+ feyk rks mudk t'u eukuk fQ+rjh FkkA
cgjgky vxj bl fnu dh 'kq#vkr ij ut+j Mkysa rks
ml fglkc ls ml fnu dks lkS lky gks x, gSa vkSj
blh otg ls lkjh nqfu;k esa ;s fnu cgqr T+;knk tks'k
ds lkFk euk;k tk jgk gSA
bLykeh nqfu;k ;k eqlyekuksa ls bldk dksbZ
ysuk&nsuk ugha Fkk fgUnqLrku esa Hkh bldh dksbZ vgfe;r
ugha Fkh ysfdu tc 1977bZ0 esa la;Dq r jk"V dh tujy
vlsEcyh us 8 ekpZ dks baVjus'uy oseUl&Ms vkSj
vkt+knh dk fnu d+jkj nsdj mudks UN Day for
women's Right and International Peace dk uke
fn;k rks fQj nqfu;k Hkj esa lc eqYd gh bldks eukus
yxsA gekjs eqYd esa Hkh ;s fnu blh otg ls euk;k tkus
yxk fd bldks la;Dq r jk"V us vkSjrksa dk fnu d+jkj
fn;k gS gkykafd blds uke j[kus dh otg le> esa ugha
vkbZ fd ;s 8 ekpZ dks gh D;ksa euk;k tkrk gS] D;ksfa d
fgUnqLrku esa eukus ds fy, cgqr lh ,slh vkSjrksa dk
tUe&fnu dk ekSdk+ Fkk tcfd bl fnu dks euk;k tk
ldrk FkkA oSls bZjku esa ;s fnu eukus ds fy, iSxE+ cj
gt+jr eqgEen dh lkgct+knh gt+jr Q+kfrekl0 ds
tUe&fnu dks pquk x;k gS vkSj ogk ds 'kElh dSy.s Mj
ds fglkc ls ;s fnu 22 cgeu ds jkst+ euk;k tkrk gSA
esjs [k+;ky esa ;s fnu dc euk;k tk, vkSj dc
u euk;k tk, bl ij cgl djuk csdkj gS ckr bl
ij gksuh pkfg, fd D;k fdlh ,d fnu dks ge vkSjrksa
ds uke [k+kl djds vius Q+jk,t+ vnk djus ls vyx
gks tkrs gS\a D;k bruk dkQ+h gS fd 8 ekpZ dks dqN
QaD'ku gksa vkSj dqN v[k+ckjksa esa ejdt+h vkSj lwckbZ
ljdkjksa dh rjQ+ ls bl ckjs esa ,MoZVkbt+ Nki fn;s
tk,a cl\ D;k bruk dkQ+h gS fd mlh fnu vxj
viSzy&2011 ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[ku
lqihz edksVZ dk QSl+ yk eqEcbZ dh ,d ulZ v:uk 'kku
ckx dks viuh et+hZ dh ekSr dk gd+ u ns rks ge mldks
vkSjrksa ds gqdd+w + ls tksMd+ j mls oseUl&Ms dk fgLlk cuk
nsAa igyh ckr rks ;s gS fd esjs [k+;ky esa fdlh ,d fnu
dks oseUl&Ms dk uke nsdj ge vkSjrksa dh vt+er dks
c<+kus ds ctk, ?kVkus dk dke T+;knk vatke ns jgs gSAa
vYykg rvkyk us ftl vkSjr ds jge esa reke balkuksa
dks ijofj'k ikus dk ekSdk+ fn;k vkSj ftldks mlus bZlkj
vkSj eqgCcr dk ,d ,slk uewuk cukdj is'k fd;k
ftldk eqdk+ cyk dksbZ enZ ugha dj ldrk mlds fy,
flQZ+ ,d fnu [k+kl fd;k tk,\ ;s dje gS ;k flre\
gekjh fta+nxh dk gj yEgk viuh ekvksa dk
,glku ekuus okyk gS rks ge ,d fnu mlds uke ls
ealcw djds dkSu lk vkleku t+ehu ij mrkjs ys jgs
gSa\ [k+kl rkSj ij fgUnqLrkuh lekt tgk vkt Hkh
vkSjrksa dks rjg&rjg ds tqY+ eks flre dk f'kdkj gksuk
iM+ jgk gSA og fgUnqLrkuh lkslkbVh tks yM+dh dh
foyknr ij vklw cgkrh gS vkSj yM+ds ds iSnk gksus ij
eqLdqjkrh gS vkSj og fgUnqLrkuh lekt tks yM+dksa dks
tUe nsus okyh ekvksa dks [+k'q kfd+Ler vkSj yM+dh dks
tUe nsus okyh ekvksa dks eugwl le>rk gks ogk D;k
bl fnu dh rd+jhcksa dh dksbZ vgfe;r gS\ ftl eqYd
esa ek ds isV esa gh pksjh fNis yM+fd;ksa ls thus dk gd+
Nhu ysus dk laxhu xqukg vkt Hkh /kM+Yys ls gksrk gks]
ftl eqYd esa Vsuks]a cl LVS.Mks]a dpjs ds MCcksa vkSj
QqVikFkksa ij vkt Hkh ubZ iSnk gksus okyh yM+fd;k
ykokfjl iM+h gqbZ feyrh gksa ogk D;k oseUl&Ms euk,
tkus dk dksbZ eryc gS\
oSls rks ;gk ckrsa rks cM+h&cM+h dh tkrh gSa fd
dgk tkrk gS fd bl eqYd esa vkSjr dks nsoh dk ntkZ
gkfly gS ysfdu vkSjr dk gky D;k gS og d+ne&d+ne
ij ut+j vkrk gS fdl rjg csok vkSjrksa dh csbT+tr+ h
vkSj galh gksrh gSA fdl rjg cw<h+ ekvksa dks muds gh
csVs eqdn+ n~ l le>s tkus okys 'kgjksa esa NksM+ vkrs gSAa
fdl rjg yM+fd;ksa dks rkyhe vkSj rjfc;r ls
eg:e j[kus dk flyflyk vkt Hkh tkjh gS\ ;s lc
13
viuh t+cku ls c;ku djrk gS ;gk ds gkykr dks vkSj
[k+okrhu dh cngkyh dksA vQ+lksl dh ckr ;s gS fd
vkSjrksa dk bLrsglky fdlh [k+kl fQ+jds+ rd f?kjk gqvk
ugha gS cfYd og d+keS as Hkh blesa 'kkfey gks xbZ gSa ftuds
et+gc us ek ds iSj ds uhps tUur fn[kkbZ gSA og yksx
Hkh vkSjrksa dks muds gqdd+w + ls eg:e djus yxs gSa
ftudks ekywe gS fd mEeqy eksfeuhu gt+jr [k+nhtkv0
vius t+ekus dh vjc dh lcls e'kgwj rkftjk vkSjr
FkhaA bl d+keS dk ,d fxjksg Hkh vkSjrksa ds bLrsglky esa
yxk gS ftldks ekywe gS fd vYykg us enZ vkSj vkSjr
dks cjkcj ds gqdd+w + fn;s gSAa
vYykg dks ,d ekuus okyksa ij fgUnqLrkuh
lekt dk jax ,slk p<+k gS fd vxj fdlh ds ?kj esa
pkj yM+fd;k gSa rks og Hkh vius vkidks cnfd+Ler
le> dj gj oD+r rd+nhj dks dkslrk jgrk gSA
vYykg us vkSjrksa dks tks gqdd +w + fn;s gSa mudks lekth
cafn'kksa ds uke ij gM+iuk vkSj vkSjrksa dks dks og
vkt+kfn;k tks bLyke us vrk dh gSa mudks jLeksa ds
uke ij [k+Re djuk ,d vke lh ckr gks xbZ gSA
gekjs lkjs lekt esa fgUnqLrkuh jLesa bl rjg jp&cl
xbZ gSa fd dHkh&dHkh ge ;s le>us yxrs gSa fd ;s
dksbZ jLe ugha cfYd bLyke dk dksbZ gqDe gSA [k+kl
rkSj ij 'kknh&C;kg dh jLeksa esa ,slh&,slh pht+as ns[kus
dks feyrh gSa fd gSjr gksrh gSA vxj ukd esa uFk ugha
gks rks fudkg ugha gksxk] lq[k+Z tksMk+ vxj lqljky ls
ugha vk;k rks yM+dh nqygu ugha cusxh] cM+k lk lsgjk
ugha gksxk rks ukS'kk fe;k vius ?kj ls ugha fudysxa As
ek&cki dks yxsxk gh ugha fd ?kj esa 'kknh gks jgh gS
vkSj fQj yM+dh dh #[k+lrh ds oD+r tc rd lkjk
xko vklw ugha cgk,xk yM+dh ds ?kj okyksa dks yxsxk
gh ugha fd yM+dh pyh xbZA D;k 'kkfn;ksa esa bl rjg
jks dj ge Hkh mlh vd+hns dk bt+gkj ugha djrs fd
ge us yM+dh dks nku dj fn;k vkSj vc bl ij
gekjk dksbZ gd+ ugha og x+jS dh gks xbZ vc ml ij
ek&cki dks dksbZ gd+ ugha\ D;k bLyke us ,slk dksbZ
gqDe fn;k gS fd ftl ls ;s rS gks lds fd 'kknh ds ckn
viSzy&2011 ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[ku
yM+dh ij ek&cki dk dksbZ gd+ ugha jgrk\
vkSjrksa ds ekeys esa bLykeh d+kuwuksa dh /kfTt;k
mM+k, tkus dh ml oD+r rks gn gks xbZ tc gfj;kuk
dh ,d eqfLye iapk;r us ,d gh xks= esa 'kknh fd;s
tkus dh 'knhn eq[k+kfyQ+r dhA gkykafd jlwys vdjel0
us viuh ykMyh csVh gt+jr Q+kfrek t+gjkl0 dh 'kknh
vius lc ls d+jhch fj'rsnkj gt+jr vyhv0 ls dh]
ysfdu gekjs fgUnqLrkuh lekt dk jax ,d eqfLye
iapk;r ij ,slk x+kfyc gqvk fd mUgksua s xks= tSls x+jS
balkuh Q+ylQ+s dks eku fy;kA [k+;ky jgs fd blh
xks= ds uke ij vkt gfj;kuk] jktLFkku vkSj iatkc
esa vkckn yM+fd;ksa dh ft+na xh vthju gks xbZ gS vkSj
dksbZ fnu ,slk ugha tkrk fd tc nkspkj yM+fd;k fdlh
xko esa [k+keks'kh ls ekj u nh tkrh gksaA
ge ftl lekt esa jg jgs gSa mlesa vkSjr ds
f[k+ykQ+ tqeZ djus dh ,d [k+kl lksp ekStnw gS vkSj bl
lksp dks cnyus ds fy, fdlh ,d fnu dks vkSjrksa ds
uke djds dksbZ Q+k;nk gksus okyk ugha gSA gedks gj fnu
vkSjrksa ds tk,t+ gqdd+w + mu rd igqp kus ds fy, dke
djuk gksxkA [k+kl rkSj ij eqfLye myek dks bl ekeys
esa ,d Hkjiwj eqfge pykuk gksxh ftlds rgr vkSjr dks
og ntkz fey lds tks bLyke us mldks fn;k gSA
c'kqf;k jkst+ukek jk"Vh; lgkjk mnwZ 9 ekpZ 2011bZ0
'ks"k balku ls eqrkfYYd+----------
ljojs dk,ukrl0 ds ,d lgkch ds csVs dk
bards k+ y gks x;k Fkk mlds x+e esa mUgksua s viuk lkjk
dkjksckj NksM+ fn;k vkSj vius ?kj ds ,d fgLls esa
fnu jkr bcknr djus yxsA gqtj+w s vuojl0 dks
bldh [k+cj yxh rks vki us Q+jek;k] rtqeZ k%&
^^vYykg us gesa nqfu;k dks fcYdqy NksM+ nsus dk gqDe
ugha fn;k gSA cfYd esjh mEer ds fy, jgckfu;r
;kuh nqfu;k dks NksM+ nsuk vYykg ds jkLrs esa
t+cjnLr dksf'k'k o esgur dk uke gSA** eryc ;s
gqvk fd bLyke ds ut+nhd balku dks mldk lgh
ed+ke vkSj ntkZ mlh oD+r fey ldrk gS tc og
vius vkidks mlds yk;d+ cuk ldsA
14
 bnkjk eq[; lekpkj
cgjSu esa voke ij gks jgs vR;kpkj ds f[k+ykQ+
y[ku esa t+cjnLr ,grstkt
17 ekpZ 2011bZ0 tqesjkr dks d+k,ns feYyr ekSykuk lS0
dYcs tokn lkgc us ,d iszl dkUsal esa cgjSu esa fugRrs voke
ij gks jgs vR;kpkj ds f[k+ykQ+ ,grstkt fd;kA d+k,ns feYyr
us cgjSu ds gkykr ij r'koh'k t+kfgj djrs gq, dgk fd
cgjSu esa igys rks voke dk d+Rysvke fd;k x;k mu ij
xksfy;k cjlkbZa vkSj vc ogk lnh gqdwer dh enk[k+yr cM+s
cksgjku dh otg cu ldrh gS ftlds [k+rjukd vkSj rckgh
okys urhts lkeus vk,axsA d+k,ns feYyr us dgk fd felz]
V;qfu'k vkSj dbZ bLykeh eqYdksa esa voke tkx pqds gSa vkSj ogk
ds yksx iqjvEu rjhd+s ls ,grstkt dj jgs gSa ysfdu cgjSu
esa ftl rjg xksfy;k cjlkdj d+Rysvke fd;k x;k ;k vkys
ln ds lkFk feydj voke dk [+kwu cgk;k x;k ;s vd+okes
eqRrgsnk ds d+kuwuksa dh f[k+ykQ+ot+hZ gS ftls cgjSuh] lfn;k
vkSj bekjkr gqdwersa vius lkezkth vkSj lg;wuh vkd+kvksa ds
b'kkjksa ij vatke ns jgh gSaA d+k,ns feYyr us vd+okes eqRrgsnk
ds lkFk&lkFk lHkh vkyeh bnkjksa ls Hkh vihy dh gS fd og
cgjSu ds elys ij [k+keks'k rek'kkbZ u cus jgsa cfYd ogk dh
voke dh enn djus ds fy, bd+nkekr djsaA
d+k,ns feYyr us vejhdk vkSj bRrsgknh eqekfyd dh nksgjh
ikWyhlh dh et+Eer djrs gq, dgk fd bZjku tks ,d tegwjh
eqYd gS mlds f[k+ykQ+ cjkcj lkft+'ksa dh tk jgh gSa vkSj
ikcfUn;k yxk j[kh gSa vkSj [k+kunkuh 'kkgh gqdwersa tks cjlksa
ls voke dk [+kwu pwl jgh gSa vkSj tq+Ye o T+;knrh dj jgh
gSa muds f[k+ykQ+ dksbZ bd+nke u djds mudh enn djuk dgk
dk balkQ+ gS\ d+k,ns feYyr us dgk fd reke bLykeh gqdwerksa
esa vokeh vkSj tegwjh gqdwersa d+k;e gksuk pkfg, rkfd
lkezkth vkSj lg;wuh rkd+rsa mudk 'kks"k.k u dj ldsaA mUgksaus
dgk fd tc gqdejku csfgl vkSj ,s'k o vkjke esa Qaldj
voke ls cs[k+cj gks tkrs gSa rks turk tkx dj vius vfkdkj
gkfly djus dh dksf'k'k djrh gSA
vkSj 18 ekpZ dks tqes dh uekt+ ds ckn rkjh[k+h vkflQ+h tkek
efLtn y[ku esa d+k,ns feYyr ekSykuk lS0 dYcs tokn dh
d+;knr esa cgjSuh gqdew r vkSj vkys ln ds f[k+ykQ+ iqjt+kjs
,grstkth eqtk+ gsjk gqvk bl eqtk+ gjs esa cM+h rknkn esa eqtk+ fgjhu
us vejhdk] bLjkbZy] lnh vkSj cgjSuh gqdew r ds f[k+ykQ+
Q+yd f'kxkQ+ ukjs yxk,A bekeckM+k vkflQ+h ds ckgj eqtk+ fgjhu
dks f[k+rkc djrs gq, d+k,ns feYyr us dgk fd vkys ln
vejhdh ,ts.V gSa vkSj 1918 ls vkt rd lnh gqdejkuksa us
eqlyekuksa dk [+kuw cgk;k gS vkSj mudh cqtf+ nyh dk gky ;s gS
fd dHkh Hkh bLjkbZy ds f[k+ykQ+ gksus okyh taxksa esa eqlyekuksa dk
lkFk ugha fn;k exj vkt cgjSu esa fugRrs eqlyekuksa ds d+Rys
vke ds fy, viuh Q+ktS as Hkst nhaA d+k,ns feYyr us dgk fd vjc
bekjkr ds gqdejku vesfjdu ,ts.V gSa vkSj lkezkth o lg;wuh
vkd+kvksa ds b'kkjksa ij dke djrs gSAa

gekjk vkbfM;y beke [+kqeSuh vkSj badsy

+ kcs bLykeh gS%
cgjSuh eqtk+ fgjhu
eSnku yw&yw esa ekStwn eqt+kfgjhu us ,yku fd;k gS fd cgjSuh bads+ykc ls nlZ ysrs gq, viuh rgjhd dks tkjh j[ksaxsA dqN
voke us beke [+kqeSuh vkSj bZjku ds bLykeh bads+ykc dks uewuk eqt+kfgjhu us bl bda+sykc dks tokuksa ls fuLcr nsrs gq, dgk
cukjd gqdwer ds f[k+ykQ+ d+;ke fd;k gSA eqt+kfgjhu us eSnkus fd ;g og toku gSa tks cgjSu dh gqdwer dk r[+rk myVuk
'kksgnk esa bt+gkjs [k+;ky fd;k fd 14 Q+jojh ds 'kksgnk us bl pkgrs gS] ;s beke [+kqeSuh ds ekuus okys gSa vkSj ekS:lh gqdwer
bads+ykc vkSj d+;ke dk vkx+kt+ fd;k Fkk vkSj og bads+ykcs ds gd+ esa ugha gS cfYd ,d ,slh gqdwer pkgrs gSa tks voke
bZjku vkSj beke [+kqeSuh ds vd+oky] V~;qfu'k vkSj felz ds dh gqdwer gksA
vgyslqUur dh vge 'kf[+l;rksa us vk;rqYykg lhLrkuhe0ft+0 ls eqykd+kr dh
eqlyekuksa ds njfe;ku rQ+jds+ ls flQZ+ lg~;wuh fj;klr dks us utQ+ v'kjQ+ esa vgyslqUur dh vge 'kf[+l;rksa ls
Q+k;nk igqprk gS vkSj lg;wuh fj;klr eqlyekuksa ds njfe;ku eqykd+kr esa reke eqlyekuksa dks iSdjs okfgn d+jkj fn;kA
rQ+jd+k vkSj b[+rsykQ+ ls Q+k;nk mBkrh gSA bjkd+ ds cqtq+xZ bjkd+ ds cqtq+xZ ejt, rd+yhn us bl eqykd+kr esa eqlyekuksa
ejt&,&rd+yhn vk;rqYykfgy mt+ek lS0 vyh lhLrkuh us dks ,slh rd+jhjksa vkSj c;kuksa ls cpus dh fgnk;r dh ftl
eqlyekuksa ds njfe;ku bRrsgkn dks et+cwr cukus ij t+ksj ls eqlyekuksa dh ,drk det+ksj gksrh gksA vk;rqYykg lhLrkuh
fn;kA fjiksVZ ds eqrkfcd+ bjkd+ dh etfyls vkyk bLykeh ds us dgk fd flQZ+ lg~;wuh fj;klr eqlyekuksa ds njfe;ku
jguqek ln#n~nhu vy&d+ikaph us dgk fd vk;rqYykg lhLrkuh b[+rsykQ+ ls Q+k;nk mBkrh gSA

viSzy&2011 ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[ku 15

 cgjSu esa flrejlhnk eqtk+ gsjhu us
ot+hjs vkt+e ds n+rj dk ?ksjko fd;k
cgjSu ds nk#ygqdew r eukek esa gt+kjksa f'k;k eqtk+ gsjhu us
ot+hjs vkt+e ds n+rj dk ?ksjko dj fy;k gS vkSj blds lkFk
gh eukek dk yw&yw LDok;j ,d ckj fQ+j eqtk+ gsjhu ds ukjksa ls
xwt mBkA eqtk+ gsjhu dh lQ+ rhu fdyksehVj yEch gSA cgjSuh
eqtk+ gsjhu ckn'kkgh fut+ke dks [k+Re djus dk eqrkyck dj jgs
gSAa cgjSu esa bLykgkr ds fy, bl rgjhd dks ,d ekg gks jgk
gS vkSj gqdew r ij ncko esa bt+kQ+k gksrk pyk tk jgk gSA cgjSu
vejhdh cgfj;k ds ikposa +yVS dk eldu gS vkSj ;gk ds f'k;k
,d t+ekus ls vius lkFk gksus okys rkLlqc vkSj bfEr;kt+h lqyd
ij ukjkt+ jgs gSa vkSj ;s lwjrs gky vc ,d rgjhd dh 'kDy
esa bf[+r;kj dj xbZ gSA cgjSu esa lyeku vy&[k+yhQ+k vkSj
mudk [k+kunku pkyhl lky ls gqdew r esa gS vkSj eq[k+kfyQ+ ikVhZ
ds f'k;k xziq ksa dk eqrkyck gS fd eqYd esa vkbZuh ckn'kkgr d+k;e
'kkgh ;k ngr'kxnhZ
fiNys fnuksa felz ds voke us ogk ds 'kkg ds tq+Ye vkSj
flre ds f[k+ykQ+ vkokt+ mBkbZ vkSj et+yweksa us ;s vkokt+
^^;d+ha eksgde vey iSge eqgCcr Q+krsgs vkt+e** ds feLnkd+
cgqr lkfcr d+neh ls mBkbZ urhts esa ogk uke usgkn vejhdk
uokt+ gkfde gqluh eqckjd dks felz NksM+dj Hkkxuk iM+k vkSj
rgjhj LDok;j ij felzh voke us vkt+knh dk ijpe cyUn
djds t'u euk;kA dbZ Vh0oh0 pSuyksa us bl bads+ykc dks
bads+ykcs bLykeh bZjku ls r'chg nhA [+kqn jgcjs badsykc
bLykeh bZjku us bl felzh bads+ykc dh rkjhQ+ dh vkSj bls
vokeh bads+ykc ls rkchj fd;kA felz esa 'kkgh ds [k+kres ds ckn
rks tSls iwjh nqfu;k, 'kga'kkfg;r fgy xbZ vkSj tgk&tgk 'kkgh
gqdwer vejhdk uokt+ gqdwer Fkh ogk&ogk mldh pwysa
fgyrh ut+j vkus yxhaA ,d t+ekus ls yhfc;k ds 'kkg eqvEej
vy&d+t+kQ+h vejhdk uokt+h esa bruk eLr gks x, fd tc
vk[k [kqyh rks vius gh yM+ds dks vejhdh ng'krxnhZ dk
f'kdkj ik;kA ;kn jgs fd d+t+kQ+h us yhfc;k esa u ekywe fdrus
fugRrksa vkSj et+yweksa ds [+kwu dks ikuh ds cjkcj Hkh u le>kA
vkSj blds ckn ;eu vkSj V~;qfu'k esa Hkh 'kkgh ne rksM+ jgh
gSA exj gSjr dh ckr ;s gS fd bu lHkh eqYdksa esa 'kkgh bLykeh
pksys igus gq, tq+Ye vkSj flre djrh jgh exj lnh gqdwer
lc tkurs gq, Hkh ut+jsa gVk, jghA et+ywe fQ+fyLrhfu;ksa dh
fgek;r ds fy, bLjkbZy o vejhdk ds tq+Ye vkSj T+;knrh ds
f[k+ykQ+ muds Q+roksa ds dq,a lw[ks iM+s jgs exj b/kj f'k;k
vdlfj;rh eqYd cgjSu dh voke us vius eqYd esa 'kkgh ds
f[k+ykQ+ iqjveu ,grstkt 'kq# fd;k vkSj Q+kSju vkys ln
us vius vkd+k vejhdk ds gqDe ls cgjSuh eqt+kgsjhu ij tq+Ye
viSzy&2011 ekfld ^^'kqvk&,&vey** y[ku
dh tk,A blls igys luhpj dh jkr dks gt+kjksa yksx ekpZ djrs
gq, yw&yw LDok;j ij tek gq,A muesa cM+h rknkn esa vkSjrsa vkSj
cPps Hkh 'kkfey FksA eqtk+ fgjhu gqdew r ds [k+kres dk eqrkyck dj
jgs FksA vjc nqfu;k esa vejhdk vkSj bLjkbZy uokt+ vjc
gqDejkuksa ds f[k+ykQ+ vokeh bUdsy+ kc dh ygj tkjh gSA V~;fq u'k
ds ckn felz] mnquZ ] ;eu] vy&tt+k,j] cgjSu vkSj lnh vjc
esa l[+r eqtk+ gjs gq, gSAa lnh vjc us eqtk+ gjksa ij ikcUnh yxk
nh gS tcfd nwljs vjc eqYdksa esa eqtg+ jksa dk flyflyk tkjh gSA
w lnh vjc] vjc f[k+Rrs esa vejhdk dk lcls cM+k fgek;rh
gS ftldh vejhdk ds lkFk frtkjr dk bLjkbZy dks cM+k Q+k;nk
igqprk gSA vejhdk lnh vjc ds t+fj, bykd+kbZ bady+s kcksa dk
[k+Re djus dh ryk'k vkSj dksf'k'k dj jgk gSA
o r'kn~nqn ds fy, viuh Q+kSt cgjSu esa Bwl nh fQj D;k FkkA
cgjSuh f'k;ksa dh felky Hkh fQ+fyLrhfu;ksa dh lh gks xbZ exj
gesa ;d+hu gS fd cgjSu dh jkt/kkuh eukek esa cgjSuh voke
dk iqjvEu ,grstkt jax yk,xk D;ksafd cgjSu dk gd+ ukeh
bads+ykc gd+ gS Hkh] vkSj rkjh[k+ xokg gS fd ges'kk thr vkSj
dkejkuh gd+ vkSj gd+ ijLrksa gh dh gqbZ gSA
lnh gqdwer us viuh Q+kStsa cgjSu esa nkf[k+y djds
et+ywe vkSj iqjvEu eqt+kfgjhu ij vR;kpkj dh gn rks ml
oD+r [k+Re dj nh tc iqj vEu eqt+kgsjk djus okyksa ij
xksyhckjh dh xbZ vkSj vLirkyksa dk Hkh eqgkljk dj fy;k fd
fdlh t+[+eh dk ekSds+ ij bykt rd u gksus ik,A ftldh otg
ls t+[+eh cgjSfu;ksa dk bykt ogk dh efLtnksa esa gks jgk gSA
cgjSuh] lnh] vejhdh vkSj 'kkgh gqdew rksa dh bu ukbalkfQ+;ksa
vkSj cSuyq vd+okeh d+kuwuksa dh f[k+ykQ+ oft+;Z ksa ds ckotwn cgjSu
ds vy&foQ+kd+ lkslkbVh ds jguqek 'kS[k+ vyh lyeku us dgk
gS fd cgjSu esa f'k;k ml oD+r rd ?kjksa dks okil ugha ykSVxas s
tc rd mudh ekxas Lohdkj djds mu ij vey u gksxkA
[k+cjksa ds eqrkfcd+ 'kS[k+ vyh lyeku us ;s ckr ,d x+Sj
eqYdh Vh0oh0 pSuy dks b.VjO;q nsrs gq, dghA mUgksaus crk;k
fd cgSjSuh f'k;k vius gqdw+d+ vkSj tegwfj;r dh cgkyh dh
dksf'k'k dj jgs gSa ftls fdlh Hkh eqYd pkgs og lnh vjc
gks ;k vejhdk dh Q+kStsa] dqpy ugha ldrha] [k+cjks ds eqrkfcd+
lnh Q+kStsa f'k;k jguqekvksa ds ?kjksa dks fu'kkuk cuk jgh gSaA
t+kfgj lh ckr gS fd lnh gqdwer ;kuh vejhdu HksfM+;s]
bads+ykcs bLykeh&,&bZjku ds ckuh gt+jr beke [+kqeSuh ds
tqjkvreankuk fdjnkj ls ges'kk Mjs jgs gSaA
16