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Hướng dẫn sử dụng PDF
Hướng dẫn sử dụng PDF
Hướng dẫn sử dụng PDF
LI NI U
Cng vi s pht trin nhanh chng ca my tnh, CAD (Computer Aided Design)
ngy cng hon thin v c ng dng trong hu ht cc lnh vc ca khoa hc k thut.
i vi chuyn ngnh in t, nhiu phn mm CAD cho php v mch, m phng mch
in v chuyn sang mch in mt cch nhanh chng v hiu qu nh: OrCAD/PSPICE,
EAGLE, Mutisim Workbench, MicroSim, Altium Designer,
Altium Designer, phin bn trc kia c tn gi quen thuc l Protel DXP, l mt
trong nhng cng c v mch in t mnh nht hin nay. c pht trin bi hng
Altium Limited, Altium Designer (Altium) mang li cho ngi dng mt mi trng lm
vic ht sc chuyn nghip. Nhng cng chnh l mt tr ngi ln cho nhng ngi
mi lm quen vi phn mm ny.
Hng dn Altium Designer *** Aqua Corporation.
Chng 1:
V S NGUYN L
Trc ht chng ta cng lm quen vi mi trng lm vic ca Altium Designer.
Cho n thi im cun Ebook ang vit th Altium Dsigner ra n phin bn 6.8.
Nhng cun Ebook c thc hin trn bn 6.7.
Bn v u tin l mch n nh tc ng c, c s nh sau:
Khi ng chng trnh t shortcut trn destop mn hnh nn hoc t Menu Start
>> All programs >>Altium Designer 6 >> Altium Designer 6. Khi ca s lm vic
ca Altium Designer c dng nh sau:
Hng dn Altium Designer *** Aqua Corporation.
Ta s thy ca s project s c tn mi
l: Baitap1.PrjPCB. By gi ta thm
bn v s nguyn l mch in vo
project: bm phi chut vo
Baitap1.PrjPCB ti menu xut hin
chn: Add New to Project, ti menu con
hin ra chn tip Schematic (S
nguyn l). Cn nu bn v c t
trc ta c th chn Add Existing to
Project (tt nhin chng ta cha c bn
v no s dng la chn ny).
Hng dn Altium Designer *** Aqua Corporation.
Trn ca s Project bn di Baitap1.PrjPCB xut hin bo cho ta bit ti liu ngun
mi c tn mc nh l: Sheet1.SchDoc, ng thi c 2 biu tng xut hin cng
Baitap1.PrjPCB v Sheet1.SchDoc l biu tng 2 t giy: t giy bo rng c
s thay i trong project va to (ta va thm vo s nguyn l) nhng cha lu li s
thay i ny vo project. T giy trng bo rng ti liu Schematic cha c s thay i g
(do ta cha v g). Ta lu li bn v ny vi tn mi bng cch bm phi vo
Sheet1.SchDoc ti menu hin ra chn Save, chn ni lu bn v v t tn mi cho bn v
ti mc File name, y ti t l: Nguyenly1.SchDoc. Tn mi ny tng t cng c
th hin li ca s qun l project. Mi trng lm vic ca Altium t ng chuyn sang
mi trng v mch nguyn l.
Phn tch mch nguyn l u bi cho ta thy: Mch gm 5 din tr, 1bin tr, 2 t
in, 1 cun dy, 3 diode, 1 triac, 2 transistor npn, 1 cng tc chuyn mch 3 chu, 6
chn ngun ni mass. Ta tin hnh ly cc linh kin ny t th vin ca Altium. y l
mi trng v mch nguyn l:
Hng dn Altium Designer *** Aqua Corporation.
tin hnh ly linh kin ta di chuyn chut n menu Libraries
gc phi, nu khng thy menu ny th vo menu: Designe> Browse
Library (n phm tt: D, B), sau ko th ca s ny vo gc phi ca
chng trnh (n v gi chut tri, ri th vo gc phi), hoc n vo nt
, khung Libraries s ch t ng Nn, menu Libraries xut hin bn
gc phi cho ta d thao tc. Ca s Libraries xut hin.
Theo mc nh th vin
Miscellaneous Devices.IntLib t ng
xut hin. Th vin ny cha hu ht cc
linh kin dn gin nh: in tr, t in,
transistor, .
ly in tr: ta g Res1 vo
khung tn linh kin. Hnh dng trong s
nguyn l v chn cm (footprint) s xut
hin bn di.
Nhp Place Res1 ly in tr.
Lc ny
n Tab hin hp thoi Component Properties: thay P? khung Designator bng P1,
thay Header 2 khung Comment bng 220V v m bo du tch 2 mc ny l c.
Hng dn Altium Designer *** Aqua Corporation.
Chng 2:
THIT K MCH IN
Tng t thay i chn cho C2. Thay i chn cho D1, D2, D3 li l AXIAL-0.3. Cn cc
chn ca linh kin khc c nh mc nh: chn cm cho P1 v P2 l HDR1X2, cho L1
l AXIAL-0.9, cho in tr l AXIAL-0.3, cho bin tr l VR5, cho Triac Q1 l 369-03,
cho cng tc S1 l TL36WW15050.
Ta cn kim tra li ca bn v. Vn t mi trng v mch nguyn l, m Project
Baitap1.PrjPCB, m ti liu Nguyenly1.SchDoc m ta v chng trc. Ti ca s
Project, bm phi vo Baitap1.PrjPCB, ti menu hin ra bm chn Compile PCB Project
Baitap1.PrjPCB, (hoc t menu Project >> Compile PCB Project Baitap1.PrjPCB):
Hng dn Altium Designer *** Aqua Corporation.
Ca s hin ra bm Next.
bc, tr chut vo chn thy n bin thnh hnh mi tn 4 hng, ko chn linh kin vo bo
mch mu en. Hoc ta c th chn linh kin, nhm nhiu linh kin t bn v nguyn l
bng cch: chuyn sang bn v Nguyenly1.SchDoc, nhp chn linh kin hoc nhm nhiu
linh kin m ta mun chn, (thng dng la chn nhiu linh kin khi ta mun xp cc
linh kin thy 1 khi chung), chn nhiu linh kin: nhp chut tri v gi ng thi phm
Shift. Sau khi chn linh kin xong, vo menu Tools >> Select PCB Component,(phm tt
T,S). Gi s ta nh xp tt c in tr vo 1 nhm, ta chn linh kin
t R1 n R5, sau ta vo menu nh trn hng dn:
Sau khi ko vo bo mch xong, ta thy khong cch gia chng kh xa nhau, ta cn sp
xp li, nhp chut ra ch khc, nhp chut tng linh kin v ko chung li gn nhau vi
khong cch hp l. Sau , chn 5 chn cm ny bng cach gi ng thi phm Shift v
nhp chut tri vo 5 chn cm ny, hoc dng chut khoanh chn trc tip 5 chn cm
ny. Sau nhp cng c Alignment Tools trn thanh cng c v mch, ri chn Make
Horizontal Spacing of Components Equal, (phm tt Ctrl+Shift+H), cc chn cm t
R1 n R5 s c dn cch u chiu ngang, nhp chn tip cng c ny ln na v chn
Align Component by Top Edges, (phm tt Ctrl+Shift+T), cc chn linh kin ny s c
sp thng hng trn:
Sp xp cc linh kin khc theo v tr thch hp. Mun xoay linh kin trong khi gi v ko
chn linh kin nhn phm SpaceBar trn bn phm, chn cm s xoay ngc chiu kim
ng h mt gc 90 .
Hnh bo mch sau khi sp xp chn cm linh kin hon chnh:
Chn Design Rules, chn tip Routing >> Width >>Width, bn pha phi, ti khung
Constraints ln lt in 20mil vo cc mc Min Width, Preferred Width, Max Width, ri
nhn Apply. Tip theo, chuyn sang mc Electrical >> Clearance >>Clearance: bn pha
phi, khung Constraints, mc Minimum Clearance nhp li gi tr 20mil vo:
mt, nn s thy c 2 lp: Top layer v Bottom layer, lp Top layer ta s ch dng cm
linh kin, v s cho i dy mt di, nn ta b chn ct Allow Routing i vi Top
Layer:
Chuyn sang mc Routing>> Routing Vias Style >> Routing Vias, bn pha phi, khung
Constrants, mc Via Diameter, nhp li 70mil, 70mil, 70mil ln lut vo gi tr Minimum,
Maximum, Preferred. Mc Via Hole Size, nhp li c 3 gi tr l 30mil:
Hng dn Altium Designer *** Aqua Corporation.
By gi ta tin hnh cho mch t ng chy thnh mch in: t menu Auto Route >> All,
(phm tt A,A), hp thai Situs Routing Stragety xut hin, ta nhn vo nt Rout All:
Hng dn Altium Designer *** Aqua Corporation.
Lc ny mch s t ng chy thnh mch in: ca s Massages ng thi xut hin, cha
cc thng tin v qu trnh chy mch in. Khi no mch chy xong s c thng bo xem c
li g khng:
Cn ch vo 2 mc cui cng:
1.Routing Status: s thng bo cc linh kin c c ni v ng vi nhau nh bn v
nguyn l khng. Nu ni ng s c thng bo l: 100% nh trn hnh v.
2.Situs Event: thng bo s kt ni li m n khng t ng ni c.
Nh vy l mch ca ta khng c li g, mch in sau khi t ng chy:
Hng dn Altium Designer *** Aqua Corporation.
cho mch in p hn, ta c th tin hnh ph cc khong trng trn mch. T menu
Place > Polygon Pour (phm tt P,G) hp thoi Polygon Pour xut hin :
Ti mc Object Specific, khung String Type bn s thy dng ch Designator (tn linh
kin), bn hy nhp chut tri vo c ch Any, ko mi tn xug v chn li l Same, tc
l ta s tm kim tt c tn linh kin trong bn v, nhp OK. Ca s PCB Inspector xut
hin, v bo cho ta rng c 18 i tng ny trong bn v, ko rng ca s ny ra v nh
du tch vo Hide, ri ng ca s ny li. Tt c tn ca cc linh kin ny c Nn i.
Sau nhn nt Clear gc phi pha di mn hnh tr v ch bnh thng:
Hng dn Altium Designer *** Aqua Corporation.
Tuy nhin, do ta chn kch thc bo mach to hn kch thc cn thit nn trng n rt to.
y l mt trn, ta c th dng chut tri xoay bo mch xem mi gc , vi tnh
nng ny cho php ta xem sn phNm ca mnh thit k.