Negative effects

a = shading

b = root competition

Positive effects

c = Litter fall

d = deep roots of trees act as safety-net

Trees

Trees

Crops

Litter

Litter

Litter

Litter

Sun light

a
Agricultural Crops in Agroforestry
Agricultural Crop Production in Agroforestry
System
Plant growth and development is greatly influence by its environment.

Farmers/gardeners must know the factors affecting the growth and yield of the crop.
 Light - needed in the photosynthesis of plants.

Water - basic requirements in vegetables production since vegetable crops are

composed of 80-95% water.
 Temperature - most critical factors of the environment and exerts a profound
influence on all physiological activities by controlling the rate of chemical
reactions.
Soil plays a vital role in the production of vegetable crops.
Supplies water and mineral elements needed by the crop and provides
physical support and anchorage for the plant.
 Basic principle in crop production is that crop yield (Y) is a function of its
genotype (G), the environment (E), and the interaction between genotype and the
environment (G x E), as in: Y = f [G + E + (G x E)]
 Site preparation

Maintenance

Harvesting
 Crop production systems include several sub-systems such as:
Vegetable production systems
The production system that takes care of the production of crops that are eaten
either cooked or raw with staples or main food as viand or salad.
Leafy and stem vegetable production
Flower vegetable production
Legume vegetable production
Root/corn vegetable production
Bulb vegetable production
Fruit vegetable production
 Fruit Production Systems
The system that involves the production of crops that are eaten after the principal
meal as deserts.

Small fruits (semi-temperate)

Strawberry
Blueberry

Small fruits (Tropical) Production System

Lomboy
Sarguelas
Pias
Calamansi
 Large fruits (Temperate-semi-temperate) production system
Apple production
Pear production
Citrus (unshiu, navel, summer orange) production
Avocado production
Persimmon production
Large fruits (tropical) production system
Mango production
Santol production
Pomelo production
Chico production
Citrus production
Papaya production
Jackfruit production
Guyabano production
Durian production
Starapple production
Balimbing production
Banana production
 Plantation Crops Production System
Involves crops that ate processed before these are used.
Coconut production
Cocoa production
Coffee production
Abacca production
Sugar cane production
Cotton production
Maguey production
Pineapple production
Mulberry production
 Cereal/Grain Crop Production System
These involves crops that belong to the grass family.
Rice production
Corn production
Sorghum production
Barley production
Wheat production
 SOIL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Soil Management concerned with the sustained use of the land in terms of economic
production.
Soil Productivity
Soil fertility capacity to support plant growth

Maintenance of Soil Fertility

Addition of fertilizers (Inorganic and organic)
Mixing soils
Liming
Crop rotation
Green manuring
Fallowing
Cover cropping
 Soil Conservation the practice of preserving or maintaining the productive
capacity of soil by preventing the loss of fertility and structure.
Use of soil and water conservation measures
Vegetative measures
Structural/Engineering measures
 WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Water management is concerned with regulation and use of water to effect plant growth.
Water-use (Irrigation)
Irrigation refers to the application of water to the soil for plant use.
Water Conservation refers to the proper stewardship of water resources
Establishment of good watershed and reforestation programs
Construction of irrigation wells/pumps
Construction of storage ponds or reservoirs
 POSTHARVEST MANAGEMENT SYSTEM:

Postharvest Management refers to the proper stewardship of perishable commodities to

preserve their marketing and qualities and prolong their period of sale.
Postharvest handling
Harvesting
Cleaning (Washing and trimming)
Grading/sorting and curing
Packaging and pre-cooling
Transporting
Storage and ripening
 Grades and grading standards
Grade refers to a technique of classifying commodities based on
appearance, size, weight, shape and freshness.
Grading Standard is a set of quality criteria imposed by
government, quality standard agency or growers to effect appropriate
price value.
Processing
Canning
Freezing
Picking
Dehydration
 Other activities
Crop Protection
Marketing
Financing
 Selection of Crop Species
Factors to consider Preference of farmer Marketability of the product Location
suitability/adaptability
Technological/Financial Considerations