WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR

WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANISATIONAL

CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR - A CASE STUDY ON ZUARI
CEMNTS Ltd,YARRAGUNTLA

JOB SATISFACTION

Job satisfaction is a set of favorable of unfavorable feelings and emotions with which
employees view their work job satisfaction is an effective attitude a feeling or relative or
dislike like towards something. The term job satisfaction not only covers the satisfaction
derived from the job by work but their surroundings, supervisors and managers, his way of
approaching and handling workers, nature of communication, work place, work facilities
etc,. if one company want to sustained permanently in the market that concerns should work
with satisfied employees not only increase the companys corporate status in the society but
also increase the social values.

MEANING OF JOB SATISFACTION

Job satisfaction refers to a persons feeling of satisfaction on the job, which acts as a
motivation to work it is not to self-satisfaction, happiness are self-containment but the
satisfaction on the job.

Job satisfaction is defined as the pleasurable emotional state resulting from the appraisal of
once job as achieving of ones job values. In contrast job dissatisfaction is defined as the
unpleasurable emotional state resulting from the appraisal of ones jog as frustrating or
blocking the attainment of ones job values or as entailing disvalues. However both
satisfaction and dissatisfaction were seen as, function of the perceived relationship between
what on perceives it as offer4ing or entailing.

DEFINATIONS:

Job satisfaction as an attitude that results from balancing and summation of many
specific likes and dislikes experienced in connection with the job.
- Bullock(1955)
1 Job satisfaction as the employees judgment of how well his hob on the whole is
satisfying his various needs. -Smith (1955)

WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
Currently organizations are aggressively pursuing strategies to gain competitive advantage
thereby leading to employee work pressures. These pressures on employees for
organizational success are resulting in depletion of employee productivity. Hence,
managements are increasingly considering alternate avenues to increase employee
productivity. Amidst the search for such avenues, the concept of workplace spirituality is
gaining prominence among HR professionals as a strategic tool to escalate employee
productivity. HR managers are now recognizing that transformation can begin in the
workplace when organizations open themselves to the cultivation of their own employees
spirituality. This would mean addressing employees as whole human beings in terms of their
physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual needs.
ORGANIZATION CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR
Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is considered behavior that benefits others, but is
not a part of the employees job description. Research has indicated that OCB can be divided
into two categories, behavior that is directed towards other individuals (OCBI) and behavior
that is directed towards the organization (OCBO). Research has also suggested that there are
three different motives behind OCB, impression management, prosocial values, and
organizational concern. This study examines the relationship between the motives and the
type of OCB that is performed. The results failed to indicate that motives matter in
determining which type of OCB is performed. Additionally, participants in all three motives
were more likely to engage in OCBO behavior than in OCBI behavior.

ORGANISATIONAL COMMITMENT

Organizational commitment has an important place in the study of organizational behavior.

This is in part due to the vast number of works that have found relationships between
organizational commitment and attitudes and behaviors in the workplace (Porter et al., 1974,
1976; Koch and Steers, 1978; Angle and Perry, 1981). Furthermore, Batemen and Strasser
(1984) state that the reasons for studying organizational commitment are related to (a)
employee behaviors and performance effectiveness, (b) attitudinal, affective, and cognitive
constructs
2 such as job satisfaction, (c) characteristics of the employees job and role, such as
responsibility and (d) personal characteristics of the employee such as age, job tenure.

Level of job satisfaction:

WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
The level of job satisfaction across groups is not constant, but is related to a number
of variables. The key variables revolve around age, occupational level and organizational
size; the important aspects of job satisfaction for many people are the amounts of personal
closeness, friendship and small group team work.

The simple path of satisfaction leads to performance accurate statement is that

high performance contributes to high job satisfaction. Better performances in turn leads to
higher economic, sociological, and psychological rewards. If these rewards are seen as fair
and equitable, then improved satisfaction develops because employees feel that they are
receiving rewards in proportion to their performance.

Stability of job satisfaction:

Attitudes are generally acquired over a long period of time. Similarly, job or
dissatisfaction emerges as am employees gains more and more information about the work
place. Nevertheless, job is dynamics, for it can decline even more quickly than it develops.
Managers cannot establish the condition leading to high satisfaction now and later neglect it.
For employee, needs may fluctuate suddenly. Managers need too pay attention to employee
attitudes week after week, month year.

1.2 INDUSTRY PROFILE:

3

Introduction
 WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
Cement is a key infrastructure industry. It has been decontrolled from
price and distribution on 1st March, 1989 and delicensed on 25th July,
1991. However, the performance of the industry and prices of cement
are monitored regularly. The constraints faced by the industry are
reviewed in the Infrastructure Coordination Committee meetings held in
the Cabinet Secretariat under the Chairmanship of Secretary
(Coordination). Its performance is also reviewed by the Cabinet
Committee on Infrastructure.

What is Cement ?

Cement is a substance applied to the surface of solid bodies to make

them cohere firmly or, more specifically, a powdered substance which,
made plastic with water, is used in a soft and pasty state (which hardens
on drying) to bind together bricks, stones, etc in building. Portland
cement is a calcined material comprising lime and silicates which is mixed
with sand and stone and, upon hydration, forms a plastic material which
sets and hardens to a rock-like material, concrete. Confusion between
cement and concrete is endemic among the uninitiated

HISTORY OF THE CEMENT

Invention of cement of JOSHEP ASPARIN.leeds builders in bricklayer.

21st october,1824 patented as portland cement.

1904 its and A merican standards of portland cement.

1912 india cement company limited established factory at portland

1951 indian standards.

Cement industry in India:

WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
India is the second largest producer of cement in the world. The production of cement in
India has increased at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 9.7 per cent to reach 272
million tonnes (MT) in the period 2006-2013. It is expected to touch 407 MT by 2020.

Indias potential in infrastructure is vast. It has the capacity to become the worlds third
largest construction market by 2025, adding 11.5 million homes a year to become a US$
1trillion a year market, according to a study by Global Construction perspectives and Oxford
Economics. This opens up a tremendous window of opportunity for the countrys cement
industry.

Not withstanding its current position one of the leaders in cement production, Indias riches
in the sector remain somewhat untapped.Lafarges India business has been very successful
and the country is among the top 10 markets globally for Lafarge. But going forward, we
should rank higher because of the potential of the Indian market, says Mr Martin Krieger,
CEO of the Indian branch of the worlds largest cement manufacturer, Lafarge.

Cement industry consumption by use:

Between 2006 and 2011 inclusive, cement consumption in India was dominated by
residential real-estate construction to the tune of 63%. The second largest type of use over the
period was infrastructure, which accounted for 20% of all cement used, followed by
commercial real-estate construction (13%) and industrial construction (4%).

Raw Material Availability (lime stone)

The basic raw material for manufacturing cement is limestone. This is available in
plenty in the form of limestone deposits in the nature. Limestone is excavated for mines by
mechanical equipment with the help of stocker & reclaimed the correct.

The raw materials consist of limestone, iron ore & bauxite. The correct Proportions are
fed into a grinding mill where they are reduced to a very fine of compressed air. The power
from the storage ribs is fed into rotator kiln; the material is subjected to a temperature is about
1500c.
5
Chemical reaction takes place between the various materials resulting in the formation
of Cement compound like Tricalcium silicate (about 24%), die calcium silicate (about
20%), Tricalcium alumina (about 7 to 10%) and aluminum ferrate (about 10 to 12 %).
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
CEMENT MANIFURING PROCESS:

The cement manufacturing process beings when limestone, the basic raw material
used to make cement, is transported by rail to the plant form the limestone quarry.

The limestone is combined with clay, ground in crusher and fed into the additive
Silos. Sand, iron and bottom ash are then combined with the limestone and clay in a carefully
Controlled mixture with which is ground into a fine power in a 200hp roller mill. Next, the
fine power is heated as it passes through the pre-Heater tower into a large kiln, the Power is
heated to 1500degrees Celsius. This creates a new product, called clinker, which Resembles
pellets about the size of marbles.

1. Next the fine powder is heated as its passes through the pre-header tower into a large
Kiln, which is over half of the length of a football field and 4.2 meters in diameters. In
the kiln, the powder is heated to 1500 degrees Celsius. This creates a new product, Called
clinker, which resembles pellets about the size of marbles.

2. The clinker is combined with small amounts of gypsum limestone and finely
ground in a finishing mill. The mill is large revolving cylinder containing 250 tons
of steel balls i.e. driven by a 4000ph motor. The finished cement is ground so fine that
it can pass through a sieve that will hold water.

3.The cement manufacturing process consists of many simulations and continuous

Operation using some of the largest moving machinery in manufacturing. Over 5000
sensors and 50.

4.Computers allow the entire operations to be controlled by a single operator from a

central control room.

CAPACITY DISTRIBUTION AND CONSUMPTION NORMS

6
Process Capacity % of total Power Fuel

(TPD) Kwh/MT Keal/kg

WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
Dry 282486 93 120-125 750-800

Semi-dry 13910 5 115-120 900-1000

Wet 5260 2 110-115 1300-1600

Total 301656 100

PRODUTION CAPACITY:

Cement plant with a capacity of up to 0.3 mn tpa are classified as mini cement plants
and are eligible for concessional excise duty. Though the minimum economic size of a
cement plant is 1 mn tpa, there are over 300 white and mini cement plants in India a
collective capacity of only 98 mn tpa (8% of the total domestic installed capacity). Most of
the new cement plants being set up have a capacity of 1 mn tpa or more. The average cost of
setting up a mini cement plant is about Rs 1400 per ton, while for large cement it is about Rs
3500 per ton.

Cement industry future forecast:

Given the rampant growth of the Indian cement industry, few are betting against continued
capacity additions in the short-to medium-term. The extent of capacity addition, however, and
whether or not demand will rise to match it more closely than at present, is up for debate. In
November 2012 the India Brand Equity Foundation (IBEF) said that it expected double-digit
growth in the cement industry for the 2013 and 2014 fiscal years, which end on 31 march
2013 and 31 march 2014 respectively. It reported that the cement industry would increase
production by around 71Mt/yr over the same time-frame to reach over 300Mt/yr in 2014.
Meanwhile, the Indian governments 12th Five-year plan, which runs for 2013 to 2017, states
that India will require a cement capacity in the region of 480Mt/yr by the end of 2017. 12 it
states that a further 150Mt/yr of capacity will be required to accomplish this. Separately, ACC
expects India to have a capacity of 500Mt/yr by 2020. This represents more than twice the
cement that India currently consumes in a year and so it is worth asking, if this capacity is
7
reached, what will the capacity utilization rate be? The government promises significant
investment in infrastructure, although bureaucracy has hampered such investments in the
past.Land acquisition is a big issue, said HM Bangur, chairman and managing director of
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
north-based shree cement, in August 2012. No state government is providing land to set up
units. Greenfield expansion is tough. sunil singhania, equity head at reliance Mutual Fund,
said, capacity creation in India is very difficult because there is no land (in some places) and
no limestone deposits at others. Several cement companies have written down assets. I
believe capacity additions going forward will not be as aggressive as in the past.

Market Size

Cement demand in India is expected to increase due to governments push for large
infrastructure projects, leading to 45 million tonnes (MT) of cement needed in the next three
to four years#.

India's cement demand is expected to reach 550-600 Million Tonnes Per Annum (MTPA) by
2025. The housing sector is the biggest demand driver of cement, accounting for about 67 per
cent of the total consumption in India. The other major consumers of cement include
infrastructure at 13 per cent, commercial construction at 11 per cent and industrial
construction at 9 per cent.

To meet the rise in demand, cement companies are expected to add 56 MT capacity over the
next three years. The cement capacity in India may register a growth of eight per cent by next
year end to 395 MT from the current level of 366 MT. It may increase further to 421 MT by
the end of 2017. The country's per capita consumption stands at around 190 kg.

The Indian cement industry is dominated by a few companies. The top 20 cement companies
account for almost 70 per cent of the total cement production of the country. A total of 188
large cement plants together account for 97 per cent of the total installed capacity in the
country, with 365 small plants account for the rest. Of these large cement plants, 77 are
located in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu.

Investments
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
On the back of growing demand, due to increased construction and infrastructural
activities, the cement sector in India has seen many investments and developments in recent
times.

According to data released by the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP),
cement and gypsum products attracted Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) worth US$ 3.109
billion between April 2000 and March 2016.

Some of the major investments in Indian cement industry are as follows:

The Gujarat-based Nirma group, with presence in detergent, soap and chemicals
sector, has bought Lafarge Indias cement business, consisting of 11 MT production
capacity, for US$ 1.4 billion.

FLSmidth, a global engineering company based in Copenhagen, has signed a contract

with Indias Larsen & Toubro Limited for engineering, procurement and supply of
equipment for a complete cement production line with a capacity of 3,000 tonne in
Tamil Nadu.

KKR Mauritius Cement Investments Limited acquired 8.5 per cent stake in Dalmia
Bharat Limited (DBL).

Cement maker Burnpur Cement plans to invest Rs 500 crore (US$ 74.64 million) for
expansion of its production capacity to 3 MTPA in the next three to four years.

India's largest cement maker UltraTech Cement is looking forward to acquire

Jaiprakash Associates six cement factories for a total value of Rs 16,500 crore (US$
2.42 billion)

Birla Corporation Ltd, a part of the MP Birla Group, has agreed to acquire two cement
assets of Lafarge India for an enterprise value of Rs 5,000 crore (US$ 733.6 million).
9
Dalmia Cement (Bharat) Ltd has invested around Rs 2,000 crore (US$ 293 million) in
expanding its business in North East over the past two years. The company currently
has three manufacturing plants in the region one in Meghalaya and two in Assam.
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
JSW Group plans to expand its cement production capacity to 30 MTPA from 5
MTPA by setting up grinding units closer to its steel plants.

UltraTech Cement Ltd has charted out its next phase of Greenfield expansion after a
period of aggressive acquisitions over the last two years. UltraTech has plans to set up
two Greenfield grinding units in Bihar and West Bengal.

UltraTech Cement Ltd bought two cement plants and related power assets of
Jaiprakash Associates Ltd in Madhya Pradesh for Rs 5,400 crore (US$ 792.3 million).

JSW Cement Ltd has planned to set up a 3 MTPA clinkerisation plant at Chittapur in
Karnataka at an estimated cost of Rs 2,500 crore (US$ 366.8 million).

Andhra Cements Ltd has commenced the commercial production in the company's
cement plants Durga Cement Works at Dachepalli, Guntur and Visakha Cement
Works at Visakhapatnam.

Government Initiatives

In the 12th Five Year Plan, the Government of India plans to increase investment in
infrastructure to the tune of US$ 1 trillion and increase the industry's capacity to 150 MT.

The Cement Corporation of India (CCI) was incorporated by the Government of India in
1965 to achieve self-sufficiency in cement production in the country. Currently, CCI has 10
units spread over eight states in India.

In order to help the private sector companies thrive in the industry, the government has been
approving their investment schemes. Some such initiatives by the government in the recent
past are as follows:

The Parliament of India has cleared amendments to the Mines and Minerals

10 Development and Regulation (MMDR) Act, which will enable companies to transfer
captive mines leases similar to mines won through an auction, and which is expected
to lead to increased Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) of steel and cement companies.
 WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
he Government of India is planning to revive the state-run cement factories across
India, in order to give a boost to road and realty projects by bringing down their
construction costs.

Budget 2016-17 has proposed a slew of measures to boost infrastructure and

investment, which will be positive for the cement sector, as increased spending on
infrastructure increases the demand for cement. 100 per cent deduction for profits to
an undertaking in housing project for flats up to 30 square metres in four metro cities
and 60 square metres in other cities approved during June 2016 to March 2019 and
completed in three years.

Incremental spend on smart city development, the government has allocated Rs 7,296 crore
(US$ 1.09 billion) towards Urban Rejuvenation Mission (AMRUT and Mission for
Development of 100 Smart Cities

Rise in allocation under Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) to Rs 19,000 crore
(US$ 2.79 billion) for FY17.

The Government of India plans to enact a law that will allow the companies which have
received mining licenses without having gone through the auction process, to transfer these
leases, in a move that is expected to make mergers and acquisitions (M&As) easier in the steel,
cement, and metals sectors.

The Government of Tamil Nadu has launched low priced cement branded 'Amma' Cement.
The sale of the cement started in Tiruchi at Rs 190 (US$ 2.84) a bag through the Tamil Nadu
Civil Supplies Corporation (TNCSC). Sales commenced in five godowns of the TNCSC and
will be rolled out in stages with the low priced cement available across the state from 470
outlets.

The Government of Kerala has accorded sanction to Malabar Cements Ltd to set up a bulk
cement handling unit at Kochi Port at an investment of Rs 160 crore (US$ 23.5 million).
11

The Andhra Pradesh State Investment Promotion Board (SIPB) has approved proposals worth
Rs 9,200 crore (US$ 1.35 billion) including three cement plants and concessions to Hero
 WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
MotoCorp project. The total capacity of these three cement plants is likely to be about 12
MTPA and the plants are expected to generate employment for nearly 4,000 people directly
and a few thousands more indirectly.

India has joined hands with Switzerland to reduce energy consumption and develop newer
methods in the country for more efficient cement production, which will help India meet its
rising demand for cement in the infrastructure sector.

The Government of India has decided to adopt cement instead of bitumen for the construction
of all new road projects on the grounds that cement is more durable and cheaper to maintain
than bitumen in the long run.

Road Ahead

The eastern states of India are likely to be the newer and virgin markets for cement
companies and could contribute to their bottom line in future.

In the next 10 years, India could become the main exporter of clinker and gray cement to
the Middle East, Africa, and other developing nations of the world. Cement plants near the
ports, for instance the plants in Gujarat and Visakhapatnam, will have an added advantage for
exports and will logistically be well armed to face stiff competition from cement plants in the
interior of the country.

A large number of foreign players are also expected to enter the cement sector, owing to the
profit margins and steady demand. In future, domestic cement companies could go for global
listings either through the FCCB route or the GDR route.

With help from the government in terms of friendlier laws, lower taxation, and increased
infrastructure spending, the sector will grow and take Indias economy forward along with it.

Exchange Rate Used: INR 1 = US$ 0.0149 as on September 27, 2016

12
DIFFERENT TYPES OF CEMENT:

There are varieties of cement based on different compositions according to specific

end uses namely Ordinary Portland /cement, Portland Pozolona cement, Portland Blast
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
furnace slag cement and specialized cement. The basic difference lies in the percentage of
linker used.

ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT:

OPC, popularly known as grey cement has 95% clinker and 5 % of gypsum and other
materials. It contains for 56% of the total consumption. White cement is a variation of OPC
and is used for decorative purposes like rendering of walls, flooring et. Contains a very low
proportion of oxide.

PORTLAND POZZOLONA CEMENT:

PPC has 80% clinker, 15% pozzolona and 5 % gypsum and accounts for 18% of the
total cement consumption. Pozzolona has siliceous and aluminous materials that do not
possess cementing properties in the presence of water. It is cheaply manufactured because
it use flash / burnt clay / coal waste as the ingredient. It has lower heat of hydration, which
helps in preventing cracks where large volumes are being cast.

PORTLAND BLAST FURNACE SLAG CEMENT (PBSFC): PBSFC consist

of 45% clinker, 50% blast furnace slage and 5% gypsum. And accounts for 10% of the total
cement consumed. It has a heat a hydration even lower than PPC and is generally used in
construction of dams and similar massive constructions.

SPECIALIZED CEMENT

Oil Well Cement:

Is made from clinker with special additives to prevent any porosity.

RAPID HARDENING PORTLAND CEMENT:

It is similar to OPC, except, that it is ground much finer, so that casting, The
compressible strength increases rapidly.

WATER PROOF CEMENT

13
OPC, with small portion of calcium separate or non-saponifiable of to impart
waterproofing properties.
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
TRANSPORTATION:
Transportation cost high-freight for 17% of the selling and distribution cost.

Road proffered for transportation for distance less than 250kms.

INDUSTRY INPUTS
Highly capacity intensive industry.

Nearly 55-60% of the inputs controlled by the controlled

Facing problems due to power shortage

Coal avilablity thequality affecting producation

Mini plants realization of the revenue lower large plants ,survival difficults

CEMENT INDUSTRY: STRUCTURE

Installed capacity 114.2 mn tones per annum

Production around 87.8 mn tones.

14
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
Major cement plants Mini cement plants

Companies: 59 Nearly 300 plants

Plant: 116 Located in Gujarat, Rajasthan, MP.AP

Typical installed capacity for plant: Typical capacity < 200 tpd installed
Above 1.5mnta
Capacity around gmm. Tones

Total installed capacity: 1.05 mntpa Production around : 6.2 mn tons

Production 98-99:81.6 mnta Excise : Rs 250/ tone

Excise: Rs 408 ton Mini plants were meant to tap scattered

limestone reserves.

All India reach through multiple plants However most set up in A.P

Export to Bangladesh, Nepal, Srilanka, Most use vertical Kiln technology.

UAE and Mauritius

Strong Marketing network, tie ups with Production cost/tone- Rs 1,000 to 1,400
customers, contractors

Wide spread distribution network Infrastructural facilities not to the best

Sales primarily through the dealer

channel

COMPANY PROFILE

ZUARI cement division project has planned in 1978 and according to Texmaco it
has taken the steps for acquiring the land at YERRAGUNTLA in KADAPA dist, in
1982. Constructing activity is started and the cement plant is completed in March 1985.
Texmaco is Started production at clinker by March 1985. Original plant capacity was 5 lakh
tones per Annum at first.

The Zuari cement is strategically located at Yerraguntla. The plant location Existence
of
15
6km from Yerraguntla. It is connected to the railway station on by a railway Track of 7 km
length and is having on exchange plant inside the factory; plant is connected to the nearest
highway by 0.2 km land private load.
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
Basically this is belongs to DR.K.K Birla. in 1994 January 1, this cement unit of
Texmaco being handed over to Zuari agro chemical industry. Under working agreement on
7-2-95. This unit is sold by Texmaco to Zuari in 1997 company has conceives expansion
project investing 370 crores and making increasing rated capacity from 5 lakh to 7 lakh. This
project was completed Formally 1999 and in fact from 1-4-2000. Company entered in
agreement with joint venture partner With Italy cement with 50% of partnership and working
agreement.

The Group has strength of 22,300 employees worldwide.

1. 62 cement plants

2. 14 Grinding Units.

3. 4 stand alone terminals

4. 147 aggregate quarries

5. 575 concrete batching units.

Part of the prestigious Dr.K.K.Birla Group a Rs 4000 crores conglomerate Zuari Cement
as within a short time span made its presence felt in the cement industry. It has done so by
making top quality cement.

Consistently, Cement that has won the confidence and trust of millions in the country. This
commitment to quality has being it grow from a modest 0.5 million ton capacity in 1995 To 2
million tons today. Zuaries quality drive originates in its state of the are cement plant, situated
At yerraguntla, Renewed for rich Narji limestone deposits, this plant is cement manufacturers
envy.Yet, strategic location is just factor contributing to Zuaries success. There are other
Equal import reasons.

Superior work force.

16
Cutting-edge technology.

Decentralized quality assurance teams.

WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
All this combine seamlessly to ensure that every bag go cement that leaves the plants
is of Consistent quality, and worthy of bearing the zuari lable.

Location of the plant:

Zuari Cement is running under the flagship of Zuari Agro Chemicals Limited. Zuari Cement
is strategies located 6 kms away from Yerraguntla town of kamalapuram (talk) in Kadapa
district, Andhra Pradesh. Railway line has been laid connection the Yerraguntla station of
Zuari Cement

History of Zuari Cements:

Zuari cement was started in 1994 to operate the cement plant of Texmaco Ltd,.
Subsequently, Texmaco cement business was taken over by the company in 1995.

Zuari cements manufacturing facility at Yerraguntla in Andhra Pradesh is one of The

largest in south India and places Zuari cement among the top 5 manufacturers in the south.

In 2000, Italcementi group the second largest producer and distributor of cement in
Europe and fifth largest cement producer in the world enter into a joint venture with Zuari
cement and Zuari cement Limited was formed.

COMPETITORS:

1. CORAMANDAL CEMENT

2. MAHA CEMENT

3. NAGARJUNA CEMENT

4. LANCO CEMENT

5. ULTRATECK CEMENT

Some of the cements companies. All cement companies are competitors.

Joint
17 venture with Ital cement:
The scenario of mergers and acquisitions is still vast in the cement industry. The
Entry of May multinationals. The other MNCs planning to enter the Indian market and
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
Consolidation of the companies in India has been forcing mergers in the cement industry.
Now Company is under joint venture having raged capacity of 17 lakhs per annum.

Ital cement group CCBS mother company ( Companies des cements ), and the Zuari
Industries Ltd (ZIL) of India have reached an agreement to create a 50:50 joint venture
Which will assume the cement activities of ZIL, consisting of the cement plant of yerraguntla
in Andhra Pradesh.

Our Shared Ambition:Effective and Efficient:

To become the most effective and efficient cement manufacturer and distributor in the world.

Our approach: We are local we think we think global:

Cement aggregates and ready to mix concrete manufacture and distribution are local
business. Around the world we serve local customer in local markets with local needs.

Objectives of the company:

1. To provide employment to the local employees

2. To supply best cement at economical prices.

3. To get the optimum utilization of the raw materials available of their own mines.
Manufacturing quality cement and to stand as a market leader in south India.

Technology:

The culture of quality that has always prevailed in Zuari Cements manufacturing facilities is
best exemplified in the process technology employed.

The process Technology Advantages:

1) Complete homogenization of limestone is achieved by stacking the limestone in stock-

plies with the use of stackers and reclaiming it through recliners.
18
2) The optimum ratio of raw mix is attained by the use of X-ray analyzer and automatic
weigh feeder which are linked to the centralized computers control room.
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
Online X-ray Analyzer Stacker and Recamier:

1) Reduced variability in kiln feed and complete homogenisation of raw meal is attained
through continuous Flow silo. This ensures that every grain of cement is of consistent quality.

2) The totally computerised monitoring system enables quality clinkerisation. It dictates the
optimum retention time in the precalciner and the kiln. Equipped with a six stage double
stream pre-heater cyclone system, the precalciner only adds to the quality.

3) The modern closed grinding units have a high efficiency separator that produces finer
particles of cement. This yields cement matrix with a lower pore diameter. This in turn gives
concrete of higher density and lower permeability.

Environment-Friendly Technology:

To minimize dust emission, Zuari Cement has installed the latest pollution control equipment
such as electrostatic precipitators in the kiln, raw mills, coal mills and cement mills. This
environmental friendly aspect of Zuaris process technology has resulted in abundance of
greenery and clean Zuari Cement is a part of the Italcementi Group, with an annual
production of MnT and 53 cement plants, Italcementi group is the worlds fifth largest cement
producer. Along with 47 cement plants, Italcementi Groups industrial network includes 12
grinding centres, 7 terminals, 420 concrete batching units combining the expertise, know-how
and cultures of 22 countries across 4 continents. In 2013 the Group sales exceeded 4.2 billion
Euros. In India, with its inherent strengths, Italcementi Groups Zuari Cement is committed to
give the building industry, cement that is truly international.Italcementi Group is strongly
committed to the Indian market and is strengthening its presence through organic and in-
organic expansions. In 2011 we have reached an agreement with Zuari Industries for the
acquisition of 74% of Gulbarga cement, which is developing a project of 3 million ton per
year
19 cement plant in North Karnataka. A large grinding unit is also being erected at Sholapur

in Maharashtra.

PRODUCTION:
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
Cement production during the period has also increased from about 72.23 million
Tons about 90 million tons in 2005-2006 excluding the contribution of mini cement plants.

RAW MATERIAL:

The actual requirements of raw material at 100% capacity utilization would be:

12.5 million tons of limestone per annum

70000 tons of Gypsum per annum.

39000 tons of Bauxite per annum.

20000 tons Iron or per annum.

The limestone is major component required for the plant is net from the mines Located
adjacent to the proposed site.

Gypsum is procured from fertilizer factories at Madras and Cochin.

Iron is soured partly from mini steel plants located at Tirupati and partially from Bellary

Bauxite is procured from Goa, Karnataka and Maharashtra

POWER:

Maximum estimated power demand is 45 M.V The company has an existing contract
50 M.V demands APSEB, the plant presents has D.G sets with an aggregate general capacity
of 12.6 M.V.

WATER:

Water is required for seeds of consumption make for plant and machinery for General
need in plant. Company has pumping station and underground bore wells near Hanuman
Gutta village at Penna River to tap the undergrounds water in riverbed.
20
TRANSPORT:
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
The factory is when connected to different part of the country through rail and Road
facilities in near to Yerraguntla railway station and has a railway lint to the factory with An
extern point within the factory premises 605 of the cement is dispatched by rail gal is
received Through rail. The plant is connected to the nearest state highway to Bangalore,
Hyderabad and Chennai.

MANPOWER:

Existing plant has a total of 500 employees. After and addition of employees May be
required.

QUARRY:

It is situated adjacent to the factory. It constituted limestone, one of the major

Materials for cement industry. The quarry has a mining base area of 1027.56 acres.

Massive (MT) Flagged

S.NO. Description Total (MT)
Grade limestone stone (MT)

Total reserves of limestone

1. 108442 9.894 118.36
36 blocks

Un workable limestone
2. 29530 2540 32.07
due to Mining obstacles

3. Workable reserves 79912 7354 86.266

fertilizers and chemicals ltd (CFCL) promoted by Zuari industries ltd., has set Up a
large gas based area manufacturing plant at Gadapan about 35 km from Keta, a Chambal
major
21 Industrial town of Rajasthan state in India.
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
CFCLs plant is a state-of-the are-high-tech complex built at a cost of Rs.12.67 Billions.
Spread over an area of 1105 (or 447 hectares 4.47 sq.kms), containing the Manufacturing
units offsite facilities including captive power plant, railways siding and

Amenities like residential complex, club, school, in a pleasant and green surroundings
Snamprogetti of Italy and Haldor topsoe of Denmark provided the technical know-how and
Engineering and other services for Ammonia and urea plant while off-site facilities were Built
mainly by Tokyo engineering India ltd.

The enterprise value of the unit has been pegged at Rs. 740 crores. The creation of this
joint venture company is a new step in the international of the Ital cement group in Asia. It is
a new opportunity for the group, to further increase its presence in the emerging countries By
entering the promising Indian market, the third larges in the world. In combination with a
Very important partner says a release issued by laggard who advised ital cement on the deal.

Here are 6 of the many reasons why Zuari 53 grade and 43 grades cement edges Out
its competitors

1. High compressive strengths.

2. Low heat of hydration

3. Better soundness.

4. Lesser consumption of cement for M-20 concrete grade and above.

5. Faster de-shuttering of formed work.

6. Reduced construction time.

With a superior and wide range of cement catering to every conceivable Building
need, Zuari cement is a formidable player in the cement market. Here are just a few reasons
why Zuari cement is chosen by millions in India.

Ideal raw materials

22

Low time and magnesia content and high proportion of silicates

Greater fineness
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
Slow initial and fast final setting

Wide range of applications

Quality customers service

A wide range to address every need:

Residential, commercial, multistoried buildings and complex.

Mass concreting-dams, canals, spillways

Construction and repair of pavements, roads, flyovers and runways.

Spun pipes and poles manufacturing

Cold weather concreting

Pre-fabricated elements such a pipes, sleepers, windows, door frames etc.

Quality customer service:

In an effort to reach out to customers better, Zuari cement as set up a technical Cell
named Zuari home partner. This cell gives guidance in the field of building.Technology,
architecture, housing finance and economical usage of the high quality.

Technical experts provide the assistance according to the individual requirements. So

that customers get the best value for the investment they have made.

1.3 PRODUCT PROFILE

Zuari Cement manufactures and distributes its own main product lines of cement. We aim to
optimize production across all of our markets, providing A complete solution for customers
needs
23 at the lowest possible cost, an approach we

Call strategic integration of activities.

WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
Cement is made from a mixture of 80 percent limestone and 20 percent clay. These
are crushed and ground to provide the raw meal, a pale, flour-like powder. Heated are
crushed 1450 C ( 2642 F) in rotating kilns, the meal undergoes complex Chemical changes
and is transformed into clinker. Fine-grinding the clinker together with a small quantity of
gypsum produces cement. Adding other constituents at this Stage produces cements for
specialized uses.

Zuari Cements range of cement

Zuari Superfine Cement

Zuari 43 Grade Cement

Zuari Superfine P53 Cement

Process Technology, the solid Foundation

The Culture of quality that has always prevailed in Zuari Cements manufacturing
facilities is best exemplified in the process technology employed.

Advanced technology methods are used to ensure that a high level of quality is
attained and sustained right through the manufacturing process. Yet, these high standards are
Constantly improved upon by an experienced and dedicated R&D team to attain Performance
oriented cement.

The process Technology Advantages

Complete homogenization of limestone is achieved by stacking the limestone Stock-plies

with the use of stackers and reclaiming it through recliners

The optimum ratio of raw mix is attained by the use of X-ray analyzer and Automatic
weigh feeder which are linked to the centralized computers control Room.

Reduced variability in kiln feed and complete homogenization of raw meal is attained
24
through Continuous Flow Silo. This ensures that every grain of Cement is of consistent
quality.
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
The totally computerized monitoring system enables quality clinkerisation. It dictates the
optimum retention time in the precalciner and the kiln. Equipped With a six stage double
stream pre-heater cyclone system, the precalciner only Adds to the quality.

The modern closed grinding units have a high efficiency separator that produces Finer
particles of cement. This yields cement matrix with a lower pore diameter. This in turn
gives concrete of higher density and lower permeability.

Ventomatic Electronic Packing

Zuari Cement employs Ventomatic packers to ensure that the customer gets exactly 50
Kgs per bag. To minimize damages during transport, advanced loading techniques are used.
These steps reflect Zuari Cements commitment to offer the best quality and correct Quality
to its customers.

Environmental-Friendly Technology

To minimize dust emission, Zuari Cement has installed the latest pollution control
Equipment such as electrostatic precipitators in the kiln, raw mills, coal mills and Cement
mills this environmental friendly aspect of Zuaris process technology has Resulted in
abundance of greenery and clean air in the factory premises.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Director Details

DIN Director Name Designation Appointment

Date

03159151 KRISHNA SRIVASTAVA Wholetime Director 30 August 2010

25

01527371 JAMSHED NAVAL COOPER Managing Director 26 July 2016

WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR

DIN Director Name Designation Appointment

Date

00680202 RAMAKRISHNAN 25 May 2015

RAMAMURTHY

06958955 SOEK PENG SIM Additional Director 26 July 2016

06629992 AKILA KRISHNAKUMAR Director 25 May 2015

07318811 JUAN FRANCISCO Additional Director 26 July 2016

DEFALQUE

07413549 KEVIN GERARD GLUSKIE Additional Director 26 July 2016

EXECUTIVES

Name Title

Jamshed Naval Cooper Managing Director

Anil Kumar Sharma Chief Financial Officer

B.Com, ACA, ACS

26
Claude Labansat Group Safety Head

Molugu Purnachander Senior Vice President of

WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR

Name Title

Procurement

Krishna Srivastava Whole-Time Director

BANKERS : State Bank of India ,

: Andhra Bank ,

: Standard Chartered Bank.

AUDITORS : BSR & CO ,

Chartered Accounts, Bangalore.

REGISTERED OFFICE :Krishna Nagar, Yerraguntla, KADAPA , Dist.

CORPORATE OFFICE : No. 1,10th Main, HAL III Stage,Jeevanbima Nagar,

Bangalore.

27
2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Need of the study:

WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
Today's work environment is undergoing a major shift; factors such as globalization, growing
economies, and improved technology are constantly presenting new challenges and creating
new opportunities for people. With these changes, people's perceptions regarding their jobs
are also changing. In this grow-or-die marketplace, the success of any organization relies on
its workforce. Satisfied and committed employees are the most significant assets of any
organization.
Job satisfaction is commonly regarded as a constellation of employees feelings about
various job elements. Organizational commitment is about individuals attachment to the
working organization. The importance of job satisfaction and organizational commitment in
facilitating the well-being of the construction industry has also been highlighted (Lingard and
Francis, 2004; Loosemore et al. 2003). However, despite the wealth research into job
satisfaction and organizational commitment, little research has been undertaken for the
improvement of job satisfaction and organizational commitment in the quantity surveying
context.

Objectives:

1. To study the employee perceptions towards workplace spirituality, organizational

citizenship behaviour, organizational commitment and job satisfaction.

2. To study the relationship between the workplace spirituality, organizational

citizenship behavior, organizational commitment and job satisfaction.

METHODOLOGY

In order to meet above objectives, the proposed study involves the identification of degree of
relationship in between variables through regression analysis. Based on the relational
outcomes, a regression model shall be proposed regarding the workplace spirituality.

SAMPLING:

Sample unit: Employees

28
Sample size: 200

Sample method: Convenience sampling method

WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
DATA COLLECTION:

1. Primary data

The primary data was collected with the help of the standard and accepted techniques which
are in use for this of studies. To administration the structure questionnaire, satisfied random
sampling techniques were used. Along with the questionnaire, group and personnel
interviews with employees, was conducted to understand their views on the problem of
research.

2. Secondary Data

The secondary sources data was collected through obtaining rewards and files from the
integrated product development unit of some part of data were collected from the internet.
The institute guide gave us the remaining necessary information and the staff relating to
administrative gave me all the necessary information to complete the study.

Data collection method or Questionnaire:

Keeping in view the above objective questionnaire was prepared for the distributing among
the employees to know their regarding WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND
ORGANISATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR in ZUARI CEMENTS,
YARRAGUNTLA. These questions were wised out in the end and after making suitable
modifications. They were finalized and developed in to a full pledge questionnaire with a
suitable scale.

TOOLS OF ANALYSIS:

Descriptive statistics

Descriptive statistics are used to describe and summaries the behavior of the respondents in a
study. They refer to the ways in which a large number of scores or observations are reduced
to interpret able numbers such as averages and percentages.
29
The descriptive statistics utilized in this study are based on frequency tables and graphical
illustrations to provide information on key demographic variables, as well as the means and
standard deviations for the responses on the Work Motivation and Satisfaction Questionnaire.
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
The mean is a measure of central tendency, and provides an arithmetic average for the
distribution of scores. The standard deviation, on the other hand, is a measure of variability
which is calculated as the square root of the variance.

Inferential statistics
Inferential statistics are used to draw conclusions about the reliability and generalize of the
findings. Inferential statistics are used to assist in answering questions such How likely is it
that my findings are due to random extraneous factors rather than to the variables of central
interest in the study? In order to test the research hypotheses, the inferential tests used include
the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient, Multiple Regression Analysis and
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).

CORRLATION COEFICIENT
The Pearson correlation coefficient is a very helpful statistical formula that
measures the strength between variables and relationships. In the field of
statistics, this formula is often referred to as the Pearson R test. When
conducting a statistical test between two variables, it is a good idea to
conduct a Pearson correlation coefficient value to determine just how
strong that relationship is between those two variables.

30
MULTIPLE REGRESSION
Multiple regression is an extension of simple linearregression in which more than one
independent variable (X) is used to predict a single dependent variable (Y). The predicted
WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
value of Y is a linear transformation of the X variables such that the sum of squared
deviations of the observed and predicted Y is a minimum.

ELEMENTS OF A MULTIPLE REGRESSION EQUATION

Y=a + b1X1 + b2X2 + b3X3

Y is the value of the Dependent variable (Y), what is being predicted or explained

a (Alpha) is the Constant or intercept

b1 is the Slope (Beta coefficient) for X1

X1 First independent variable that is explaining the variance in Y

b2 is the Slope (Beta coefficient) for X2

X2 Second independent variable that is explaining the variance in Y

b3 is the Slope (Beta coefficient) for X3

X3 Third independent variable that is explaining the variance in Y

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).

Analysis of variance, or ANOVA, is a powerful statistical technique
that involves partitioning the observed variance into different components
to conduct various significance tests.

This article discusses the application of ANOVA to a data set that contains
one independent variable and explains how ANOVA can be used to
examine whether a linear relationship exists between a dependent
variable and an independent variable.

Sum of Squares and Mean Squares

The total variance of an observed data set can be estimated using the
following relationship:

where:
31

s is the standard deviation.

yi is the ith observation.

WORKPLACE SPIRITUALITY AND ORGANIZATION CITIZEN BEAHEVOUR
n is the number of observations.

is the mean of the n observations.

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

This study was conducted at ZUARI CEMENTS and the sample group was selected
from the Operations unit within the organization.
Due to the fact that a convenience sample was used, the findings cannot be
generalized and therefore would be low in external validity.
The sample was selected from staff members on post grades nine and above, which
includes specialists, first line and senior management, thus limiting generalize to
lower work levels.

32