Flow Dampers

& VAV System

Shaharin A. Sulaiman, UTP

Flow Dampers
Flow Dampers
Control of liquid flow
valve
For air flow
dampers

Damper is an arrangement of plate that regulates

the flow of air inside a duct.

Like liquid flow, there are many reasons to regulate air

flow in distribution ducts.

Its operation can be manual or automatic (motorized).

Flow Dampers
Common dampers are:

a. Splitter damper: to direct air into a branch outlet

& for balancing.
b. Control damper: to adjust volume flow rates
c. VAV damper: to serve purpose of VAV
d. Fire damper: to prevent spreading of smoke and
fire into fire escape areas/routes
Fire Dampers (FD)
To prevent spreading of smoke and fire into fire escape
areas/routes. Must meet Bomba requirements. Fire resistant
construction/materials.

Common Fire Escape Routes/Areas:

Lift lobby
Corridor
Staircase

Ducting connected to AHU Rooms must also be separated by a

fire damper.

FD operation can be by:

Thermal element which melts at high temperature
Motorized actuator fire alarm signal
Fire
Damper
(FD)
 VAV System
Terminologies
VAV : Variable Air Volume.
CAV : Constant Air Volume
 VAV System

VAV System is one of an energy saving feature is ACMV.

It involves motorized dampers, temperature sensors,

pressure transducers, Variable speed drive (VSD), and
Digital Controller.

A key requirement of VAV is zoning.

 VAV System

T Control System Motorized Damper

P Control System VSD

Energy saving: T Control System AHU valve

 Electricity for motor
 Chilled water supply
 VAV Zoning

VAV zoning is required for control of system

One sub-zone has one VAV box

Level 1 Block 17
 VAV System

The function of a VAV Box is to modulate the

amount of cool air that is delivered to the room to
maintain occupant comfort.
 VAV System

VAVsystem varies the air quantity rather than

temperature to each zone
Single main duct is run from AHU
Branchduct are run from this main through VAV
boxes to each zone
VAV box has an adjustable damper or valve
Air quantity delivered to the space can be varied
 1. Pressure Transducer
VAV System: 2. Motorized Valve
VAV System
VAV System

Problem?
 VAV System

Configurations:
 Pressure Independent mode
 Pressure Dependent mode can set to zero flow
End