DNV - Qatargas Visit - IsO8217 - 2010

Qatargas
DNVPS meeting
Gunnar Kjeldsen
06 July 2010
Agenda
Provide information about the
newly published ISO 8217:2010
Provide statistics and impact of
the new standard
Inform about the new test
methods
Seek feedback on;
- The changes to ISO 8217:2005
- How it will impact your
operations
- How ready you are for this new
standard
- Any other concerns
QATARGAS statistics
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved. 2
ISO 8217
SCOPE:
This International Standard specifies the
requirements for petroleum fuels
for use in marine diesel engines and
boilers, prior to appropriate treatment
before use.
Qatargas
06 July 2010
ISO 8217
First version 1987

9 years
Second version 1996

9 years
Latest version 2005
5 years???
WHY NOW??
Next version - 2010
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Development Of The International Marine Fuel Standard
ISO 8217
Unlike most ISO standards, which take around five years to develop, the new draft
of ISO 8217 has been given less than two years to be put together and to enter into
force in July 2010 (implementation date of the revised MARPOL Annex VI).
This is due to the IMOs MEPC 57 meeting in April 2008. MEPC requested the ISO
committee that overlooks the revision of ISO 8217 to develop a fuel oil specification
to meet the needs of MARPOL Annex VI.
According to the IMO's brief, it should address;
- air quality
- ship safety
- engine performance
- and crew health.
It has been understood that if the new ISO 8217 does not address these issues,
IMO might introduce its own fuel oil specification for MARPOL Annex VI
INTERTANKO suggested the IMO should produce its own marine fuel standard
because there is no enforcement mechanism in place for ISO 8217.
Qatargas
06 July 2010
ISO 8217:2010
4th edition
The revised international marine
fuel standard was published on
June 15, 2010
http://www.iso.org/iso/search.htm
?qt=8217&sort=rel&type=simple&
published=on
Qatargas
06 July 2010
ISO 8217:2010
Changes from ISO 8217:2005 edition (Distillate table);
Additional grade, DMZ, has been added with a minimum viscosity of 3,000 mm2/s at
40C, (DMA grade with 3,000 instead of 2,000).
The previous DMC category has been removed. Moved to HFO Table as RMA10
(after modification).
The following characteristics have been added
- Hydrogen sulfide
- Acid number
- Oxidation stability
- Lubricity.
DMA minimum viscosity has been raised to 2,000 mm2/s.

DMB minimum viscosity has been added to 2,000 mm2/s.
The appearance clause has been amended
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Distillate table
Catagory ISO-F-
Characteristics Unit Limit
DMX DMZ DMA DMB
max. 5,500 6,000 6,000 11,00
mm2/s
Kinematic viscosity at 40C min. 1,400 3,000 2,000 2,000
Density at 15 C kg/m3 max. - 890,0 890,0 900,0
Cetane Index min. 45 40 40 35
Sulfur mass % max. 1,00 1,50 1,50 1,50
Flash point C min. 43 60 60 60
Hydrogen sulfide * mg/kg max. 2,00 2,00 2,00 2,00
Acid Number mg KOH/g max. 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
Total sediment existent mass % max. - - - 0,10*
Stability g/m3 max. 25 25 25 25*
Carbon residue micro method on the 10% (V/V) distillation residue mass % max. 0,30 0,30 0,30 -
Carbon residue micro method mass % max. - - - 0,30
Cloud point C max. -16 - - -
winter quality C max. -6 -6 -6 0
Pour point (upper)
summer quality C max. 0 0 0 6
Appearance Clear & Bright * *
Water volume% max. - - - 0,30*
Ash mass % max. 0,010 0,010 0,010 0,010
Lubricity, corrected wear scar diameter (wsd 1,4) at 60C wear Scar (m) max. 520 520 520 520
= Same as ISO 8217:2005 = Change in significant figures

= New limits = New parameters
Qatargas
06 July 2010
ISO 8217:2010
Changes from ISO 8217:2005 edition (HFO table);
RMA 10 has been added.
RMG and RMK have been expanded to include additional viscosity grades.
RMF and RMH categories have been removed.
The following characteristics have been added;
- CCAI
- Hydrogen sulfide
- Acid number
- Sodium content.
Sulfur limits have not been tabulated (controlled by statutory requirements).
Potential Total Sediment (TSP) has been assigned as the reference test method. Accelerated
Total Sediment (TSA) has been added as an alternative test method.
Ash limit values have been reduced for many of the categories.
Vanadium limit values have been reduced (unchanged for RMB 30) except RMG 380 (slightly
increased)
Aluminium plus silicon limit values have been reduced.
The criteria for assessing whether a fuel contains used lubricating oil have been amended.
Qatargas
06 July 2010
HFO table
Catagory ISO-F-
Characteristics Unit Limit RMA RMB RMD RME RMG RMK
10 30 80 180 180 380 500 700 380 500 700
Kinematic viscosity at 50 C mm/s max. 10,00 30,00 80, 00 180,0 180,0 380,0 500,0 700,0 380,0 500,0 700,0
Density at 15 C kg/m max. 920,0 960,0 975,0 991,0 991,0 991,0 991,0 991,0 1010,0 1010,0 1010,0
CCAI max. 850 860 860 860 870 870
Sulfur mass % max. Statutory requirements
Flash point C min. 60,0 60,0 60,0 60,0 60,0 60,0 60,0 60,0 60,0 60,0 60,0
Hydrogen sulfide mg/kg max. 2,00* 2,00* 2,00* 2,00* 2,00* 2,00*
Acid Number mg KOH/g max. 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5 2,5
Total Sediment aged mass % max. 0,10 0,10 0,10 0,10 0,10 0,10
Carbon residue micro method mass % max. 2,50 10,00 14,00 15,00 18,00 18,00 18,00 18,00 20,00
Pour point (upper) - winter quality max. 0 0 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30

C
Pour point (upper) - summer
quality max. 6 6 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30
Water Volume% max. 0,30 0,50 0,50 0,50 0,50 0,50 0,50 0,50 0,50
Ash mass % max. 0,040 0,070 0,070 0,070 0,100 0,150
Vanadium mg/kg max. 50 150 150 150 350 450
Sodium mg/kg max. 50 100 100 50 100 100
Aluminium plus silicon mg/kg max. 25 40 40 50 60 60
Used lubricating oils (ULO) A fuel shall be considered to contain ULO when either one of the following conditions is met:
Calcium and Zinc or mg/kg Calcium > 30 and Zinc > 15 or
Calcium and Phosphorus Calcium > 30 and Phosphorus > 15
= Same as ISO 8217:2005 = Change in significant figures

= New limits = New parameters
Qatargas
06 July 2010
ISO 8217:2010
Al+Si new maximum limit;
1. RMA10 25 mg/kg
2. RMB30 40 mg/kg
3. RMD80 40 mg/kg
4. RME180 50 mg/kg
5. RMG180/380/500/700 60 mg/kg
6. RMK380/500/700 60 mg/kg
Engine builders have recommended that after on board treatment the

fuel entering the engine should contain less than 15 mg/kg.
Qatargas
06 July 2010
DNVPS Statistics World Avg. HFO Quality
Dens Dens Dens

= 978 = 980 = 982
S = S = S =
2.67 2.69 2.31
2001 2005 2009
Al+Si Al+Si Al+Si

= 17 = 19 = 26
Qatargas
06 July 2010
FSC Engine compliant fuel?
80
>15 mg/kg After Separator (%)
70
60
(fail to comply)
50
40
30
20
10
0
15-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80
Al+Si in bunkered fuel (mg/kg)
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Qatargas statistics (HFO bunker fuels)
23
22
21
mg/kg
20
19
18
17
2007 2008 2009 2010
Year
Al+Si average
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Qatargas statistics (HFO bunker fuels)
3.55
3.50
3.45
3.40
3.35
% m/m
3.30
3.25
3.20
3.15
3.10
2007 2008 2009 2010
Year
Sulphur average
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Qatargas statistics
HFO Ports - 2007 HFO Ports - 2008
Other Other
10% 12%
Singapore
Fujairah 19%
Singapore
34% 56%
Fujairah
69%
HFO Ports - 2009 HFO Ports - 2010
Other Other
13% 13%
Sin
ga
Singapore po
re
11% 7%
Fujairah Fujairah
76% 80%
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Latest MARPOL Annex VI revision
Update - IMO MEPC58 - Adopted 9 October 2008 Enter into force 1 July 2010
Sulphur limit for fuel oil Sulphur content Enforcement
Global 4.50% [Prior to 1 January 2012]

3.50% [1 January 2012]
0.50% [1 January 2020]*
ECA (SECA) 1.50% [Prior to 1 July 2010]
1.00% [1 July 2010]
0.10% [1 January 2015]
*Subject to a review of fuel availability in 2018, with the option to delay the 0.5% sulphur global cap by five years
Abatement technology (ex Scrubbers) is an "equivalent measure".
This means that an Administration may allow abatement technologies, but the Administration
(and not the ship) have to acknowledge that:
They have equivalent efficiency in terms of SOx, PM and NOx emissions.
That they operate within the requirements of the IMO guidelines
That they do not harm the environment.
Qatargas
06 July 2010
DNVPS Statistics Jan to May, 2010
Port HSFO >3.50% Port HSFO >3.50%
Kuwait 100% Rotterdam 21%
Taranto 100% Tampa 20%
Leghorn 92% San Francisco 19%
Mokpo 83% Los Angeles 19%
Madras 74% Port Arthur 17%
Mumbai 70% Jeddah 16%
Busan 67% Houston 15%
Inchon 66% Yantian 13%
Fujairah 55% Valletta 12%
Okayama 55% St. Eustatius 10%
Ras Tanura 54% Singapore 10%
Freeport, TX 50% New York 10%
Kaohsiung 38% Port Klang 6%
Lake Charles 37% Hong Kong 6%
San Diago 32% Gibraltar 5%
Dubai 30% New Orleans 4%
Salalah 29% Amsterdam 4%
Tanjung Pelepas 28% Piraeus 3%
Genoa 28% Panama Canal 3%
Barcelona 25% Algeciras 2%
Kobe 24% Antwerp 2%
Augusta 22%
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Marpol Annex VI
New Clause on Fuel Availability

The new revision of MARPOL Annex VI includes a clause to prevent ships
from being penalised for fuel quality non-compliance outside their control in
connection with Regulation 18.
There should be no penalty to ships that are unable to obtain the fuel
necessary to comply with a given requirement under Regulation 14 (LSFO).
Ships must provide documentation proving that it could not get hold of
compliant fuel, prior to entering an ECA, despite best efforts.
The clause states that a ship "should not be required to deviate from its
intended voyage or to delay unduly the voyage in order to achieve
compliance." Ships are required to "notify its Administration and the
competent authority of the relevant port of destination when it cannot
purchase compliant fuel oil.
Qatargas
06 July 2010
ISO 8217:2010
Ash content new maximum limits;
1. RMA10 0.040%
2. RMB30 from 0.10% to 0.070%
3. RMD80 from 0.10% to 0.070%
4. RME180 from 0.10% to 0.070%
5. RMG180/380/500/700 0.100%
6. RMK380/500/700 0.150%
Vanadium new maximum limits;

1. RMA10 50 mg/kg
2. RMB30 remains at 150 mg/kg
3. RMD80 from 350 to 150 mg/kg
4. RME180 from 200 to 150 mg/kg
5. RMG180/380/500/700 350 mg/kg
6. RMK380/500/700 450 mg/kg
Qatargas
06 July 2010
ISO 8217:2010
Sodium content has been added
max limit = 100 mg/kg (50 mg/kg for RMA 10 and RME180)
The usual source of sodium is seawater contamination
Typically 1 % of sea water adds about 100 mg/kg to the sodium content of a fuel
Fuels that are essentially water-free will normally have sodium contents between
about 10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg
Sodium hydroxide used in the refining process can be another source of the
contaminant
Some types of sodium (e.g. from refinery processes) can be present in an oil soluble
form that cannot be removed by on board treatment
Qatargas
06 July 2010
ISO 8217:2010
Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) for both Grades
Threshold Limit Value (TLV) of 10 ppm H2S in vapor form is
commonly observed as a safety precaution in areas where
ship crew is present. This is used e.g. in the SS 600:2008
Code of Practice for Bunkering.
2ppm (in liquid) to remain in new Standard but effective
July 2012
Argument for limit is to increase awareness of possible
presence of H2S in marine fuels and improve margin of
safety for this toxic and flammable gas
But challenge is H2S 2ppm (in liquid) measurement can give
a false sense of security since 2 ppm in liquid may result in
vapour level exceeding 200 ppm in vapour form during
transportation, storage and handling
More field research is needed DNVPS has initiated work
with support from MPA and Intertanko
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Ignition Quality CCAI
CCAI (Calculated Carbon Aromaticity Index) is a mathematical formula based on the
relationship between density and viscosity for estimating the ignition quality of
marine fuels, was developed by Shell in the 1980s
Poor fuel ignition and combustion quality can cause incomplete fuel combustion and
increased emissions of Particulate Matter
In extreme cases, poor fuel ignition and combustion may result in turbocharger
explosions and engine breakdowns
6.3 Requirements for residual fuels

Note 2 For engines and/or applications where ignition quality is known to be
particularly critical, Annex F provides a basis for suppliers and purchasers of marine
residual fuels to agree on tighter ignition quality characteristics.
Annex F In order to try and address both ignition and combustion characteristics
of a residual fuel, a standard test method has been established using a constant
volume combustion chamber (CVCC)(IP541/06).
Qatargas
06 July 2010
ISO 8217:2010
5 General requirements
5.1 - The fuel shall conform to the characteristics and limits given in Table 1 or Table 2, as
appropriate, when tested in accordance with the methods specified.
5.2 - The marine fuel shall be a homogeneous blend of hydrocarbons derived from petroleum
refining. This shall not preclude the incorporation of additives intended to improve some
aspects of the fuel's characteristics and performance. The fuel shall be free from both
inorganic acids and used lubricating oils.
5.3 - Marine fuels shall be free from any material which renders the fuel unacceptable for use
in marine applications.
5.4 - The fuel shall be free from bio-derived materials other than 'de minimis' levels of FAME
(FAME shall conform to the requirements of EN 14214 or ASTM D6751). In the context of this
standard, 'de minimis means an amount which does not render the fuel unacceptable for use
in marine applications. The blending of FAME shall not be allowed.
5.5 - The fuel shall not contain any additive at the concentration used in the fuel, or any added
substance or chemical waste which:
a) jeopardizes the safety of the ship or adversely affects the performance of the machinery; or
b) is harmful to personnel; or
c) contributes overall to additional air pollution.
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Clause 5 chemical contaminants
Precautionary measurements
Optional/additional analyses: HS GCMS and FTIR
Trend of more contaminated fuels in the market
The risk of getting a contaminated fuel is higher in some geographical areas
A small insurance expense against fuel-related problems, compared to the total cost
of the bunkers purchased as well as the expenses involved in rectifying machinery
damages, among other things
Qatargas
06 July 2010
ISO 8217 - 2010
New Test Parameters
Gunnar Kjeldsen
06 July 2010
Lubricity Test (ISO 12156, IP 450, ASTM D 6079)
This test covers the evaluation of the lubricity of diesel fuels
The equipment involved in the test is High Frequency Reciprocating Rig (HFRR)
Test Process
- A 2ml test specimen of fuel is placed in the test reservoir of an HFRR
- The preferred test temperature is 60oC,
- When the fuel temperature has stabilized, a vibrator arm holding a non-rotating steel ball
and loaded with a 200g mass is lowered until it contacts a test disk completely submerged
in the fuel.
- The ball is caused to rub against the disk with a 1-mm stroke at a frequency of 50 Hz for
75min.
- Remove the test ball with the holder and rinse it with the cleaning solvent and dry it.
- Circle the wear scar on the ball
- Measure the scar dimension perpendicular and parallel to oscillation direction under the
microscope at x 100 magnification
- Report the corrected mean wear scan diameter (WSD) at 60oC in micrometers (m)
Approximate Time Required to complete the Test ( 90 minutes )
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Oxidation Stability Test (ISO 12205, IP 388, ASTM 2274)
This test covers the measurement of the inherent stability (resistance to change when exposed to air, but in
the absence of water or reactive metallic surfaces and dirt).
This test method provides a basis for the estimation of the storage stability of middle distillate fuels
Oxidation is a process causing adherent and filterable insolubles to form.
Test Process
- Place 3505 ml of the pre-filtered fuel in the oxidation cell.
- Immerse the oxidation cell in the heating bath
- The temperature of the fuel in the oxidation cell shall be maintained at 950.2 C
- Pass oxygen at a flow rate of 3.0 l/h 0.3 l/h for a period of 16.00h 0.25h
- Cool the sample to room temperature
- Filter the sample through the weighed filters,
- After filtration dry the filters at 80 C for 30 minute and cool it for 30 minutes. Weigh the filter to calculate the
filterable insolubles in grams per cubic meter
- Adherent insolubles are dissolved in a trisolvent and evaporated in a weighed beaker. After evaporation cool
the beaker in a desiccator for 60 minutes and weigh it and calculate the filterable insolubles in grams per
cubic meter.
- Total insolubles are calculated by adding the filterable and adherent insolubles and report nearest to 1 g/m3
Approximate Time Required to complete the Test (20 hrs)
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Example of new equipment Oxidation stability
Petrotest TOST Test Equipment and liquid bath
Qatargas
06 July 2010
FAME Screening of Distillates with FTIR
Source of Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME) is from bio-fuels
FAME can undergo oxidation and has an impact on the stability of the fuel.
The oxidation process will result the formation of low volatile acids which can lower
the flash point.
Also the possibility of the formation of insoluble sediments due to polymerization.
Fourier-transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy is a technique based on the
vibrations of the atoms of a molecule.
An infrared spectrum is obtained by passing a radiation through a sample and
determining the incident radiation is absorbed at particular energy which is the
finger print characteristic of a sample molecule
FT-IR can be used for quick screening of FAME present in the distillates.
One drop of sample is required and takes approximately two minutes for scanning.
Interpretation takes approximately 3 to 5 minutes .
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Acid Number (ASTM D664, IP 177)
This test covers the determination acidic constituents in the fuel
Acid number indicates the presence of acidic substances present in the fuel
Acid number is the quantity of base (KOH) required to titrate a sample in the solvent from its
initial meter reading corresponding to a freshly prepared non-aqueous basic buffer solution or
a well defined inflection point
Test Process
The sample is dissolved in a titration solvent
Titrate the sample potentiometrically against alcoholic potassium hydroxide
The meter readings are plotted automatically against the respective volumes of the titrating
solution
The end points are taken only at well defined inflections in the resulting curve
Report the results in mg KOH/g sample
Approximate Time Required to complete the Test ( 20 minutes )
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Impact of ISO8217:2010
Gunnar Kjeldsen
06 July 2010
ISO 8217:2010
Calculated Carbon Aromaticity Index (CCAI)
CCAI limit of 870 included for all RMG and RMK residual grades.The remaining
residual grades have 850 to 860 as limits.
Not a new discovery
DNVPS Statistics only 0.02% of MFO 380 delivered globally exceed 870.
Annex F expanded to include alternative ignition and combustion quality test
method.
One alternative method is the IP 541 Fuel Combustion Analyser (FCA).
Clause 6.3 / Annex F provides a basis for suppliers & purchasers to agree on
tighter ignition quality characteristics where the ignition quality is known to be
critical.
Qatargas
06 July 2010
CCAI
CCAI Viscosity Range
<101 101-250 251-400 >400
Year 2008 Average 835 844 846 856
<840 66.3% 34.8% 19.9% 13.2%
>840 33.7% 65.2% 80.1% 86.8%
>850 14.9% 35.6% 27.8% 50.7%
>855 11.2% 20.0% 0.5% 39.1%
>860 8.2% 2.5% 0.3% 30.6%
>870 1.09% 0.06% 0.02% 0.03%
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Is CCAI reliable as a predictor of
Ignition Quality?
Similar CCAI, different

Ignition Quality ECN vs CCAI
35
Same ECN, big
variation in CCAI 30
25
20
ECN
15
10
CCAI, NOT reliable as a
Fuel Ignition Quality 5
parameter
0
825 830 835 840 845 850 855 860 865 870 875
CCAI
Qatargas
06 July 2010
DNVPS Statistics (Jan May, 2010)
BunkerDt BunkerPort Grade BDRDens BDRVisc Density Visc CCAI

30-Apr-10 FUJAIRAH 380 989.8 380.0 989.0 55 873
26-Apr-10 FUJAIRAH 380 990.6 380.0 1008.6 271 873
20-Feb-10 HAMBURG 380 243.2 1007.8 246 873
18-Feb-10 HAMBURG 380 1008.3 243.0 1008.0 250 873
10-Feb-10 KAWASAKI 380 987.0 380.0 1005.2 175 874
15-Jan-10 PASIR GUDANG 380 990.2 380.0 1011.8 185 880
19-Jan-10 LAS PALMAS 380 988.2 380.0 980.0 15 887
22-Jan-10 OAKLAND 700 1008.7 305.0 1008.9 314 871
26-Mar-10 SINGAPORE 700 1009.5 330.3 1009.4 344 871
02-Jan-10 OAKLAND 700 1009.4 350.0 1009.7 361 871
24-Apr-10 ROTTERDAM 700 1009.1 344.1 1010.6 345 872
20-Apr-10 LOS ANGELES 700 1007.9 349.0 1011.3 377 872
18-Feb-10 HAMBURG 700 1008.3 243.2 1008.5 246 874
06-Jan-10 HONG KONG 700 1006.1 1016.0 319 878
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Aluminium+Silicon
Aluminium and Silicon (Al + Si)
Present max limit 80 mg/kg.
New max limit 25 mg/kg lowest residual grade to 60 mg/kg highest residual
grades.
Reduce the risk of high level abrasive particles reaching the engines inlet.
Qatargas
06 July 2010
DNVPS Statistics (Jan May, 2010) - Aluminium+Silicon
Worldwide
0.23%
2.53%
97.24%
<60 61-80 >80

Qatargas
06 July 2010
Worldwide Singapore
0.23% 0.82%
2.53%
9.07%
97.24% 90.11%
<60 61-80 >80 <60 61-80 >80
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Worldwide Rotterdam
0.23% 0.36%
2.53% 6.12%
97.24% 93.52%
<60 61-80 >80 <60 61-80 >80
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Worldwide Fujairah
0.23% 2.04%
2.53% 1.50%
97.24% 96.46%
<60 61-80 >80 <60 61-80 >80
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Worldwide Houston
2.53% 0.23% 3.48% 0.41%
97.24% 96.11%
<60 61-80 >80 <60 61-80 >80
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Qatargas statistics (Aluminium + Silicon in bunkered fuel)
1.8% 0.9%
11.4% 0-25
26-40
41-60
18.4%
61-80
67.5% >80
FSC?...
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Bunker samples - 2008
2008 Vanadium statistics
0.16%
0.12%
exceeding set limit
300 limit
0.08%
350 limit
0.04%
0.00%
All 380/35 fuels RMG380
This represents 3-4 samples for every 100,000 samples tested

Qatargas
06 July 2010
8217 FDIS : 2010 ISO
New Distillate Grade DMZ
Viscosity 3 cSt @ 40C min limit.
Cater to engine with higher distillate min viscosity
limit.
Safety issue low injection viscosity especially
large marine diesel engine not able to pick up full MAN Diesel limits the
load. viscosity at the engine inlet
to min. 2 cSt
Worst cases may fail to start during
manoeuvring in port areas or congested waters.
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Viscosity at different temperatures
3.2
3.0
2.8
2.6
Viscosity (mm2/S)
2.4
2.2
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60
Temp (C)
Qatargas
06 July 2010
DNVPS Distillate Statistics (Jan May, 2010)
Sulphur 0.10%
Visc @ 40C Visc @ 40C
0.2% 0.2%
41.0% 50.6%
58.8% 49.2%
<2.000 2.000-3.000 >3.000 <2.000 2.000-3.000 >3.000

Qatargas
06 July 2010
DNVPS Distillate Statistics - S 0.10% (Jan May, 2010)
USA + Canada Europe + Russia
Visc @ 40C Visc @ 40C
0.0% 0.2%
24.3%
54.1% 45.7%
75.7%
<2.000 2.000-3.000 >3.000 <2.000 2.000-3.000 >3.000

93.4% has S < 0.05% 13.4% has S < 0.05%
Qatargas
06 July 2010
DNVPS Distillate Statistics - S 0.10% (Jan May, 2010)
Middle East
Visc @ 40C
0.0%
1.1%
70.7% has S < 0.05%
98.9%
<2.000 2.000-3.000 >3.000
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Qatargas statistics
Density Sulphur
990 4
988 3.5
3
986 2.5
2009 2009
984 2
2010 2010
982 1.5
1
980 0.5
978 0
Fujairah Singapore Other ports Fujairah Singapore Other ports
Al+Si Qty loss (MT)
35 0
30 Fujairah Singapore Other ports
-1
25
-2
20 2009
2009
15 2010 -3
2010
10
-4
5
-5
0
Fujairah Singapore Other ports -6
Qatargas
06 July 2010
Safeguarding life, property
and the environment
www.dnv.com
Qatargas
06 July 2010

DNV - Qatargas Visit - IsO8217 - 2010

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Qatargas

First version 1987

Second version 1996

Latest version 2005

DMA minimum viscosity has been raised to 2,000 mm2/s.

= Same as ISO 8217:2005 = Change in significant figures

Pour point (upper) - winter quality max. 0 0 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30

= Same as ISO 8217:2005 = Change in significant figures

Engine builders have recommended that after on board treatment the

Dens Dens Dens

2001 2005 2009

Al+Si Al+Si Al+Si

HFO Ports - 2009 HFO Ports - 2010

Sulphur limit for fuel oil Sulphur content Enforcement

Global 4.50% [Prior to 1 January 2012]

New Clause on Fuel Availability

Vanadium new maximum limits;

6.3 Requirements for residual fuels

Petrotest TOST Test Equipment and liquid bath

<101 101-250 251-400 >400

Year 2008 Average 835 844 846 856

<840 66.3% 34.8% 19.9% 13.2%

>840 33.7% 65.2% 80.1% 86.8%

>850 14.9% 35.6% 27.8% 50.7%

>855 11.2% 20.0% 0.5% 39.1%

>860 8.2% 2.5% 0.3% 30.6%

>870 1.09% 0.06% 0.02% 0.03%

Similar CCAI, different

BunkerDt BunkerPort Grade BDRDens BDRVisc Density Visc CCAI

<60 61-80 >80

<60 61-80 >80 <60 61-80 >80

<60 61-80 >80 <60 61-80 >80

<60 61-80 >80 <60 61-80 >80

<60 61-80 >80 <60 61-80 >80

This represents 3-4 samples for every 100,000 samples tested

<2.000 2.000-3.000 >3.000 <2.000 2.000-3.000 >3.000

<2.000 2.000-3.000 >3.000 <2.000 2.000-3.000 >3.000

70.7% has S < 0.05%

<2.000 2.000-3.000 >3.000

Al+Si Qty loss (MT)

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