John Osborn

Chapter 22 Notes
Materials of Music
11/15/2016

Pivot Chord A chord that has full membership in both keys because it
is diatonic in both and has the same quality in each. It is the most
common way of modulating keys.

Modulation: A change of key (Typically confirmed by a strong cadence.

Tonicization: The result when a chord becomes a temporary tonic by

means of a secondary, or applied dominant. The passages key
doesnt truly change and the temporary tonic eventually returns to its
normal function in the primary key.

Difference between Modulation and Tonicization: Passages that have

been modulated typically have a Predominant, Dominant, Tonic
progression into a new key. They also tend to have firm cadences like
PAC or IAC in the new key, which was preceded by a pre-dominant
function harmony or followed by music continuing in the new key.
There also may be an extended progression in the new key that is not
just dominant to tonic. So the main thing to consider is- how long
does that progression last? Does it warrant a key change because of
its length even without a cadence?

Closely Related Key Any key whose tonic is a diatonic triad in the
original key. The key sigs of closely related keys differ at most by a
single accidental.

When changing keys, most composers like sticking close to home.