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    Dka Patho Diagram

    Uploaded by

    Grae Taclob
    Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when there is a lack of insulin, causing the body to break down fat and produce ketone bodies, leading to high blood glucose and acidosis. Risk factors include family history of diabetes or pancreatitis, acute infection, trauma, and non-adherence to medication or lifestyle. Symptoms include fruity breath, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Laboratory tests show high blood glucose, low potassium, and acidosis. Treatment involves IV insulin and fluids to restore electrolyte and volume deficits and prevent complications like shock, organ dysfunction, and coma.

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    Dka Patho Diagram

    Uploaded by

    Grae Taclob
    167 views1 page
    Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when there is a lack of insulin, causing the body to break down fat and produce ketone bodies, leading to high blood glucose and acidosis. Risk factors include family history of diabetes or pancreatitis, acute infection, trauma, and non-adherence to medication or lifestyle. Symptoms include fruity breath, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Laboratory tests show high blood glucose, low potassium, and acidosis. Treatment involves IV insulin and fluids to restore electrolyte and volume deficits and prevent complications like shock, organ dysfunction, and coma.

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    DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS

    Original Title

    DKA PATHO DIAGRAM

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    Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when there is a lack of insulin, causing the body to break down fat and produce ketone bodies, leading to high blood glucose and acidosis. Risk factors include family history of diabetes or pancreatitis, acute infection, trauma, and non-adherence to medication or lifestyle. Symptoms include fruity breath, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Laboratory tests show high blood glucose, low potassium, and acidosis. Treatment involves IV insulin and fluids to restore electrolyte and volume deficits and prevent complications like shock, organ dysfunction, and coma.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    167 views1 page

    Dka Patho Diagram

    Uploaded by

    Grae Taclob
    Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when there is a lack of insulin, causing the body to break down fat and produce ketone bodies, leading to high blood glucose and acidosis. Risk factors include family history of diabetes or pancreatitis, acute infection, trauma, and non-adherence to medication or lifestyle. Symptoms include fruity breath, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Laboratory tests show high blood glucose, low potassium, and acidosis. Treatment involves IV insulin and fluids to restore electrolyte and volume deficits and prevent complications like shock, organ dysfunction, and coma.

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    of 1

    Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis

    NONMODIFIABLE RISK FACTOR MODIFIABLE RISK FACTOR


    Insulin from Pancreas
    - (+) FAMILY HISTORY OF PANCREATITIS, - DIET, EXERCISE, LIFESTYLE
    DM TYPE 1, MI , STROKE, + - ACUTE INFECTION
    & other Hereditary illness - TRAUMA
    Glucagon Excess
    - SICKNESS, STRESS
    - DECREASED OR MISSED INSULIN
    - INSULIN DOES NOT MEET PHYSIOLOGIC STRESS
    Release of Glucose
    From Liver

    Glucose cannot
    Be used by cell w/o
    insulin

    Use of fat as source


    of energy instead
    of glucose
    Regular IV insulin 5 units/hr Check BS q hr
    Monitor signs BS
    Fruity Breath
    odor blood Ketones blood glucose
    Polyphagia, Polydypsia
    (acetone) 300-800 mg/dL

    Blood Vessel Injury


    vomiting

    Draw LABS: Acidosis


    Osmotic Diuresis
    Lactate/ Urine Output Urinalysis
    Lactic Acid S&Sx: Oxygen in body (Polyuria) Urine specific gravity


    0.4-2.0 mg/dL
    - Hypotension
    - Tachycardia Cellular
    ABG
    Dysfunction
    - Nausea
    - Vomiting Fluid & electrolyte
    - Abdominal pain depletion

    - RR
    -Kussmaul respiration
    Dehydration HR, PR, RR, BP
    -Confusion Dry mucous membranes
    Shock
    -LOC Sodium (Na) Potassium (K+)
    Fluid volume deficit
    -headache 135-145mEq/L 3.5-5 mEq/L
    -drowsiness
    -Coma

    Cerebral Mgmt: Mgmt: IV Fluid


    Edema K+ replacement 1L of 0.9% NaCl per hr for 2-3hrs Assess CVP q 30min
    Then,
    D5W or D51/2 NSS

    Seizure Precaution
    Check K+ level q
    LOC
    2-4 hrs
    EKG 2-4 hrs

    If unmanaged: MODS
    Multiorgan Dysfunction Syndrome

    THYROID
    LIVER
    GLAND

    = DISEASE PROCESS

    = DIAGNOSTIC TESTS ; LABORATORY


    = SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
    = MEDICAL MANAGEMENT

    = NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

    New Section 1 Page 1

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