54

CHAPTER 2. THE TIME-INDEPENDENT SCHRODINGER EQUATION

 2

2 d 2 k A
ik  2 
2 a2
+ V k = k iak tanh ax a2
sech 2
ax + ik sech2 ax
2m dx2 ik + a 2m 2m


2 a3
2 a2
sech ax tanh ax
2
sech ax(ik a tanh ax) eikx
2
m m
Aeikx
2 3
= ik ak 2 tanh ax + ia2 k sech2 ax + ia2 k sech2 ax
ik + a 2m

2a3 sech2 ax tanh ax 2ia2 k sech2 ax + 2a3 sech2 ax tanh ax

Aeikx
2 2
2 k 2
= k (ik a tanh ax) = k = Ek . QED
ik + a 2m 2m
 
ik a
As x +, tanh ax +1, so k (x) A eikx , which represents a transmitted wave.
ik + a
    
 ik a 2
R = 0. T =   = ik a ik a
= 1.
ik + a  ik + a ik + a

Problem 2.52
(a) (1) From Eq. 2.133: F + G = A + B.
(2) From Eq. 2.135: F G = (1 + 2i)A (1 2i)B, where = m/
2 k.
1
Subtract: 2G = 2iA + 2(1 i)B B = (iA + G). Multiply (1) by (1 2i) and add:
1 i
 
1 1 i 1
2(1 i)F 2iG = 2A F = (A + iG). S = .
1 i 1 i 1 i

(b) For an even potential, V (x) = V (x), scattering from the right is the same as scattering from the left, with
x x, A G, B F (see Fig. 2.22): F = S11 G + S12 A, B = S21 G + S22 A. So S11 = S22 , S21 = S12 .
(Note that the delta-well S matrix in (a) has this property.) In the case of the nite square well, Eqs. 2.167
and 2.168 give
2
k 2
e2ika i (l 2kl )
sin 2la e2ika
S21 = (k2 +l2 )
; S11 = 2 2 . So
cos 2la i 2kl sin 2la cos 2la i (k 2kl
+l )
sin 2la

' 2 2 (
k )
e2ika i (l 2kl sin 2la 1
S= 2 +l2 ) 2
k2 )
.
cos 2la i (k 2kl sin 2la 1 i (l 2kl sin 2la

Problem 2.53
(a)

1 S11 1
B = S11 A + S12 G G = (B S11 A) = M21 A + M22 B M21 = , M22 = .
S12 S12 S12

2005
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