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What Is The Relation Between Electric Field and Drift Velocity PDF
What Is The Relation Between Electric Field and Drift Velocity PDF
What Is The Relation Between Electric Field and Drift Velocity PDF
Quora
ElectricFieldislikegravitationalfield.Driftvelocityisliketheterminalvelocity.Terminalvelocityis
thehighestvelocityattainablebyanobjectasitfallsthroughair.Itoccursoncethesumofthedragforce
(F)andbuoyancyequalsthedownwardforceofgravity(F)actingontheobject.Sincethenetforceon
theobjectiszero,theobjecthaszeroacceleration.
Thefrictioninmechanicalworldthatdissipatestheenergyasheatisanalogoustothefrictionor
resistanceintheelectricalworld.Whenchargesmovethroughmaterials,theresistancesofferedbythe
latticestructurecausesanoppositionforcedefinedbytheohmslaw.Thevoltageortheoppositionforce
toamovingchargeisproportionaltoitsvelocity(velocityofachargeiscurrentorcurrentdensity).Infact
therelationbetweenterminalvelocityandElectricfielditselfisohm'slawputinadifferentway.
YoucanlookupformathematicalrelationinDriftvelocity.
Theconductivitytermintherelationistheonewhichstatesthematerialproperty.i.e.theresistance
materialunderconsideration.
1.2kViewsViewUpvotes
PrateekSharma,Physicist|Educator
WrittenJan9
Hi,thanksfortheA2A
Driftvelocityistheaveragevelocityofelectronsflowinginsideaconductorundertheinfluenceofan
electricfield,whichisresponsibleforthepotentialdifferencealongthelengthoftheconductor.
Therelationbetweenelectricfieldandpotentialisgivenbyfollowingrelation:
E=dV/dRorsimplyE=V/L
Theelectricpotentialchangesalongthedistanceinanelectricfield.
Soinaconductorwithapotentialdifferencebetweenit'sends,theelectronsflowundertheinfluenceof
thiselectricfield.Andtheelectricforceisresponsiblefortheaccelerationofelectronsandgivethenadrift
velocity.
Theequationsinvolvedare
Driftvelocity=(accelerationoftheelectrons)*time
Rememberthisisaveragevelocityofelectronsandtheaverageinitialvelocityiszero.
Acceleration=(charge*electricfield)/mass
Nowithinkyoucanfigureoutthelastrelation.
Sodriftvelocityisdirectlyproportionaltotheelectricfieldanditincreases/decreaseswhenelectricfield
increases/decreases.
https://www.quora.com/Whatistherelationbetweenelectricfieldanddriftvelocity 1/2
2/15/2017 Whatistherelationbetweenelectricfieldanddriftvelocity?Quora
224ViewsViewUpvotesAnswerrequestedbyDeepakSingh
RohanAnanthaKrishna,Timetravelbackwardsisn'tpossibleevenifyougo
fasterthanlight.PERIOD!
WrittenJan18,2016
A2A
Electricfieldiswhatensuresthattheelectronmovesalongtheconductor,sothisimplies
E = m
q a E=mqa
Also,weknowthattheelectronexperiencescontinuousaccelerationalongtheconductor(sincethe
voltageincreaseslinearlyalongthelineoftheconductor),
so a = vd a=vdwhere istakentheaveragetimeconstantforwhichtheelectronmovesbefore
beinghitbyarigidobject(themetalparticles)
So,substitutiongives E = q
m
vd E=mqvd
Thisshowsthatthedriftvelocityiseitherinthedirectionparallelorantiparalleltothedirectionofthe
electricfield,increaseswithincreaseofchargeandelectricfieldbutdecreaseswiththeincreaseinthe
massoftheparticle.
https://www.quora.com/Whatistherelationbetweenelectricfieldanddriftvelocity 2/2