Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Icnd2 WB01
Icnd2 WB01
Lesson 1
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Slide 2
VLAN Review
A VLAN represents:
A separate broadcast domain
A subnet (logical network)
An independent LAN
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Slide 5
What is a Trunk
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Slide 8
DTP
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Slide 9
VLAN Troubleshooting
Show vlan
Show interfaces
Show vlan Show interfaces switchport
Show mac address-table
Yes Yes
No No
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Slide 10
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Slide 12
Troubleshooting Trunks
Yes Yes
No No
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Slide 14
Lesson 2
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Slide 16
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Slide 17
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Slide 18
1Gbs 1Gbs
1Gbs 1Gbs
Switch C Switch D
Priority 32768 Priority 32768
MAC 0000.0cf6.9370 MAC 0000.0c39.f28a
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Slide 19
Cost 4 Cost 4
Cost 4 Cost 4 RP
Switch C Switch D
Priority 32768 RP Priority 32768
MAC 0000.0cf6.9370 MAC 0000.0c39.f28a
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Slide 20
Switch A F Cost 2 F
Switch B
Priority 28672 F Priority 28672
MAC 0000.0cab.3274 F MAC 0000.0c9f.3127
F F Root Bridge
Cost 4 Cost 4
B Cost 4 Cost 4 F
Switch C Switch D
Priority 32768 F B Priority 32768
MAC 0000.0cf6.9370 MAC 0000.0c39.f28a
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Slide 21
Cost 4 Cost 4
Cost 4 Cost 4 RP
Switch C Switch D
Priority 32768 RP Priority 32768
MAC 0000.0cf6.9370 MAC 0000.0c39.f28a
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Slide 22
Versions of Spanning-Tree
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Slide 25
PVST+
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Slide 26
PVST+ (Cont.)
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Slide 27
SW1 is not the root bridge for VLAN1. This is the switch that is
connected to FastEthernet0/3 on SW1.
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Slide 30
F F
Switch A Switch B:
VLAN 100 F Root Bridge
F
F F
BX F
X
Switch C F B Switch D
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Slide 31
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Slide 32
Switch A F Cost 2 F
Switch B
Priority 28672 F Priority 28672
MAC 0000.0cab.3274 F MAC 0000.0c9f.3127
F F Root Bridge
Cost 4 Cost 4
X
B Cost 4 Cost 4 F
Switch C X Switch D
Priority 32768 F B Priority 32768
MAC 0000.0cf6.9370 MAC 0000.0c39.f28a
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Slide 33
F F
Switch A Switch B:
VLAN 100 F Root Bridge
F
F F
BX F
Switch C F F Switch D
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Slide 34
F F
Switch A Switch B:
VLAN 100 F Root Bridge
F
F F
BX
Frame enters
here F
Switch C F F Switch D
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Slide 35
PortFast Characteristics:
moves an Access port to forwarding immediately
Configured only on access ports
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Slide 36
Enables PortFast on all nontrunking interfaces and enables BPDU guard globally for
all PortFast-enabled ports
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Slide 38
Lesson 3
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Slide 39
What is EtherChannel
x x
x
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Slide 40
EtherChannel Protocols
EtherChannel EtherChannel
x
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Slide 41
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Slide 44
LACP
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Slide 45
Fa0/1 Fa0/4
Fa0/2 Fa0/5
SW1 SW2
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Slide 46
Verify EtherChannel
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Slide 49
Lesson 4
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Slide 50
Server 10.9.1.50
I cant get to my
Gateway No Default Gateway
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Slide 52
Standby Forwarding
Router Router
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Slide 53
FHRP
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Slide 54
HSRP
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Slide 55
HSRP (Cont.)
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Slide 56
HSRP (Cont.)
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Slide 57
HSRP (Cont.)
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Slide 58
HSRP Configuration
Standby group
Priority
Standby ip
Preempt
Track
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Slide 59
Introducing HSRP
HSRP Group 1
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HSRP (Cont.)
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Slide 61
HSRP (Cont.)
Active Router:
Responds to the default gateway,
ARP requests with the virtual router
MAC address
Sends hello messages
Assumes the forwarding of all
packets for the Virtual Router
Knows the virtual router IP
Standby Router:
Listens for the periodic hellos
Assumes active forwarding of
packets if it does not hear from
active router
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Slide 63
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Slide 65
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Slide 66
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Slide 67
QoS
Quality of Service
Many applications will suffer at having poor service,
such as VoIP
Latency
Jitter
Dropped packets
Congestion
QoS tries to prioritize these applications
packets for better service
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Slide 68
QoS
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Slide 69
QoS Configuration
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Slide 70
QoS Options
Precedence
Shaping
Policing
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Slide 71
Marking
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Slide 72
Queuing Methods
Class-based WFQ
LLQ usually called the best practice
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Slide 73
Congestion Avoidance
Tail drop
Weighted Random Early Detection
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Review Questions:
1. QoS provides prioritization for different types of traffic. One goal is to reduce
latency of traffic flows. Which of the following applications are always given a
higher priority to reduce latency? (Choose all that apply)
A. VoIP
B. FTP
C. HTTP
D. Video
2. To configure any protocol/packet for priority, the router must first know what is to
be matched. What configuration command will tell the router what to match?
A. Policy-map
B. Class-map
C. Service-policy
D. NBAR
4. What configuration construct is used to set the marking and priority of packets
matched by a class-map?
A. Service-policy
B. Policy-map
C. DSCP
D. ToS
5. At what layer of the OSI is the use of FHRP going to provide redundancy?
A. Layer 1
B. Layer 2
C. Layer 3
D. Layer 4
6. For two routers to be redundant, using HSRP, the routers will need some
common configuration on each of their interfaces. What at minimum should be
configured the same on each router's interface? (Choose all that apply)
A. Interface IP
B. Standby IP
C. Standby group number
D. Standby priority
7. What must be configured for a router to take the "ACTIVE" role in an HSRP
standby group? Specifically, what setting allows you to choose the router to be
ACTIVE?
A. Standby group number
B. Track interface
C. Standby group IP
D. Standby group priority
8. The router that was ACTIVE in an HSRP group failed, and then the role of
ACTIVE moved to what was the STANDBY router. When the original router
comes back online it will not retake the role of ACTIVE, unless you've configured
what?
A. Standby priority
B. Standby preempt
C. Standby refresh
D. Standby IP
10. What type of Switchport will carry all tagged VLAN traffic by default?
A. Access
B. Trunk
C. Routed
D. Serial
Answer Key:
1. A, D
Voice over IP and video will greatly suffer if they have more than 150ms latency.
Any more, and these applications will generally be unusable.
2. B
The class-map construct allows you to list those protocol/packets that are to be
matched. This does not configure the priority.
3. B
Differentiated Services Code Point is a method of marking a packet for higher
priority. For example, VoIP will be marked with "EF" or expedited forwarding.
4. B
The policy-map is used to set priority and markings for packets matching
specified class-maps.
5. C
These are a collection of redundancy protocols used by Layer 3 devices, such as
routers.
6. B, C
These routers will have to be in the same standby group, and must agree on
what their virtual IP (VIP) is going to use.
7. D
To specify which router will be the ACTIVE router, you must configure it with a
higher priority value when compared to the STANDBY router.
8. B
A router will not retake the ACTIVE role, unless it's been configured with
preempt.
9. A
A VLAN will create a new broadcast domain, which may or may not be a part of a
new subnet.
10. B
Trunk ports connect switches to each other and by default will carry all tagged
and untagged traffic.