Constants and Formulae

R = 0.08206 L atm mol-1 K-1 = 8.3145 J mol-1 K-1 1 u = 1.6605410-27 kg = 931.5 MeV
NA = 6.0221023 mol-1 1 MeV = 1.60 10-13 J
c = 2.998108 m/s 1 atm = 760 Torr = 101.325 kPa
F = 96,485 C/mol 1 Pa = 1 kg m-1 s-2
Kw = 110-14 at 25 C 1 Latm = 101.325 J
mneutron = 1.0087 u 1 J = 1 kg m2 s-2
mproton = 1.0073 u 1J=1C1V
melectron = 5.49 104 u 1 A = 1 C/s

b b 2 4ac nA
x= A =
2a n A + nB +
PV = nRT M A = k H PA PA = A PA0
= iMRT Tb = iK b m T f = iK f m
i 1
q = msT = CT = nH % Dissociation = 100%
i max 1
[A] 1 1
[A] [A]0 = kt ln = kt = kt
[A]0 [A] [A]0
Ea
Ea k E 1 1
k = Ae RT ln(k ) = + ln( A) ln 1 = a
RT k 2 R T2 T1

K P = K c (RT )n Kw = Ka Kb
A
pH = pK a + log
[ ]

[HA]
H sys
S surr = Suniv = Ssys + Ssurr S rxn = nS nS
T Products Reactants

G = H TS G = G + RT ln Q G rxn = nG f nG f
Products Reactants

G H S K H 1 1
ln K = ln K = + ln 1 =
RT RT R K
2 R T2 T1
G = nF = cathode anode = red + ox
0.0592 0.0592 0.02569
= log K = log Q = ln Q
n n n
q=It E = mc2