Chapter 1 Introduction to Physics Derived Quantity Symbol Unit

(Final Revision) Volume

Physics Fast Review Density
1.1 Understanding Physics
Velocity
Acceleration
Momentum
Force

1.2 Understanding Base Quantities and Derived Quantities Energy

(A) Base Quantities Power
Physical quantities that cannot be defined in terms of other
physical quantities. (B) Prefixes
Prefix Value Symbol
Base quantities and their units
Tera
Base Quantity Symbol SI unit SI unit symbol
Giga
Mega
Kilo
Hecto
Deca
Deci
Centi
Derived Quantities Milli
Physical quantities that are derived from combinations of base
quantities through multiplication or division or both these Micro
operations.
Nano
1 Pico
Physics Fast Review
(C) Scientific notation Example
Convert the following derived quantities to base quantities and base
units.
(a) Velocity
(D) Derived quantities and their units in terms of base (b) Acceleration
quantities and base units

Derived Relation to base Derived unit Base unit

Quantity quantities (e) Conversion of units
Example 1
Convert the following units with prefixes to units without prefixes.
Force
(a) 200 kg
(b) 0.3 mA
(c) 5 x 10 -2 s
Pressure

Example 2
Convert the following units without prefixes to units with prefixes.
(a) 5 200 000 g
(b) 4.8 x 10 -3 A
Power
(c) 12 m2

Example 3
Convert the following units with prefixes to other units with prefixes.
Work
(a) 60 000 nm = _____________km
(b) 0.6 Mg = ______________pg

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Practice make perfect

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Physics Fast Review Practice make perfect
1.3 Understanding Scalar and Vector Quantities

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Physics Fast Review
1.4 Understanding Measurements
(A) Using the appropriate instruments to measure physical quantities
(B) Accuracy and consistency

Practice make perfect

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Physics Fast Review
1.5 Analysing Scientific Investigations

Practice make perfect

Final Revision

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Assessment Test
Example 1 Example 3
State the following derived quantities in terms of the base Convert the following lengths into the units of metre.
quantities. (a) 2.3 km (b) 0.62 mm
(a) Acceleration
(Hint: Acceleration = change of velocity ) (c) 3 x 106 cm
time
(b) Momentum
(Hint : Momentum = mass x velocity )
Example 4
Exppres 22.5 g in the units of
(a) kg (b) dg

Example 2 Example 5
State the base units for the following derived quantities: Ecppress
(a) Force (a) 73 kg in terms of mg
(Hint : Force = mass x acceleration ) (b) 0.0045 ms in terms of Ms

(b) Impulse
(Hint : Impulse = change of momentum)

(c) Work
(Hint : Work = force x displacement)
Example 6
Convert
(a) 11.5 cm3 into the units of m3
(b) 72 km h-1 into the units of ms-1
(c) 5 g cm-3 into the units of kg m- 3
Example 7
Radio 5 RTM station operates at 105.6 M Hz.
The expression of the frequency in units of Hz is
A 1.056 x 108 Hz
B 1.056 x 106 Hz
C 1.056 x 104 Hz
D 1.056 x 10- 4 Hz
E 1.056 x 10- 8 Hz
Example 8
The prefixes according to their value in ascending order are
A Giga, mega, kilo, centi
B Micro, mili, centi, kilo
C Mega, giga, kilo, centi
D Centi, giga, micro, mili
Example 9
Which one of the following measurements is different?
A 2.3 x 102 m
B 2.3 x 104 cm
C 2.3 x 106 mm
Example 10 Example 12
Which one of the following measurements is smallest ? The volume of a metal sphere is 12 cm 3.
This volume in units of m 3 is
2 A 1.2 x 10 - 2 B 1.2 x 10 - 3
A 1.5 x 10 kg C 1.2 x 10 - 5 D 1.2 x 10 7
B 1.5 x 10 7 g E 1.2 x 10 - 9
C 1.5 x 10 12 g

Example 11 Example 13
The measurements of length according to their value in ascending order The velocity of a car is 108 km h-1.
are What is the velocity in units of ms-1 ?

A 7 x 10 - 4 km , 7 x 10 2 cm , 7 x 10 4 mm A 20 B 30
B 7 x 10 2 cm , 7 x 10 4 mm , 7 x 10 - 4 km C 50 D 60
C 7 x 10 4 mm , 7 x 10 - 4 km , 7 x 10 2 cm E 90
Example 14 Example 16
The pressure exerted by a box on a surface is 500 N cm 2. Write down the reading of the following Vernier calipers.
What is the pressure in units of Pa? ( 1 Pa = 1 N m-2 )

A 5 x 10-2 B 5 x10-1
C 5 x 104 D 5 x 106
E 5 x 108

Example 15 Example 17
The acceleration of a trolley is 2000 cm s-2 Based on the following diagrams write down the actual thickness of the
This acceleration in S.I. unit is objects.

A 0.002 B 0.02
C 0.2 D 2
E 20
Example 18 Example 20
Write down the reading of the following diagrams. The ability of an instrument gives consistent reading , when repeated
readings are taken is called as

A accuracy B precision
C sensitivity D error

Example 19 Example 21
Based on the following diagrams write down the actual diameters of the Which of the following should be the small value, so that the precision
objects becomes high?

A Actual value B Mean

C Relative error D Relative deviation
Example 22 Example 24
The ability of an instrument to detect a slight change that Table shows readings of the thickness of a book measured by four different
students. Which of the students recorded the true readings.
occurs in the measured quantity is called as
A precision B accuracy Student Ruler/ cm Vernier Mikrometer
C sensitivity D error calipers screw gauge
/ cm /cm
A W 2.17 2.2 2.174
B X 2.174 2.2 2.17
C Y 2.17 2.174 2.2
D Z 2.2 2.17 2.174

Example 23 Example 25
The accuracy of an instrument increases if The focal length of a convex lens is 12 cm. If the focal length is measured
A the number of significant figures increases by using a ruler, the reading recorded ought to be
B the relative deviation relative increases
C the relative error increases A 11.9 cm B 12.0 cm
C 12.00 cm D 12.1 cm
Example 26 Example 28
The diagram shows the existence of zero errors of a vernier Figure(a) shows the existence of zero error of a vernier calipers. Figure(b)
shows the reading of the vernier calipers for diameter of metal sphere.
calipers
The actual reading of diameter of the metal sphere is

What is the value of the zero error?

A + 0.04 cm B - 0.04 cm
C + 0.06 cm D - 0.06 cm
A 2.02 cm B 2.04 cm
C 2.06 cm D 2.08 cm

Example 27 Example 29
The following diagram shows a vernier calipers Diagram shows a micrometer screw gauge.

Based on the diagram ,what is the number of revolution of the thimble.

What is the reading of the vernier calipers ? A 12 B 12
C 13 D 13
A 3.17 cm B 3.08 cm
C 2.18 cm C 2.07 cm
Example 30 Example 32
Diagram shows a micrometer screw gauge reading when it is Figure(a) shows the existence of zero error of a micrometer screw gauge.
Figure(b) shows the reading of the micrometer screw gauge for diameter
closed at its gap.
of metal wire.

The subsequent readings must be corrected by

A adding 0.02 mm
B subtracting 0.02 mm
C adding 0.03 mm
D subtracting 0.03 mm

Example 31 Example 33
Based on the diagram above, the thickness of a sheet of paper is A simple pendulum makes 20 complete swings in 20.35 s. Which of the
following is used?

A Stop watch
B Pendulum clock
C Electronic watch

A 3.25 cm B 3.75 cm
C 0.325 cm D 0.0375 cm
Example 34 Example 36
The figure shows a thermometer. The current flows through a metal conductor is between 0.01 A to 0.05
A. Which ammeter is most suitable to use?

What is the reading shown?
A 96O C
C 94.0O C
A Ammeter range 0 - 1A
B Ammeter range 0 - 5A
C Ammeter range 0 - 10 mA
D Ammeter range 0 - 50 mA
B 93.5O C
D 94O C

Example 35 Example 37
What is the reading shown by the ammeter above? Which of the following graphs show that y increases linearly with x?

A 2.4 A B 2.80 A
C 0.48 A D 0.44 A
Example 38 Example 40
Hookes law states that applied force F is directly proportional Based on the graph above, what is the gradient of the graph?
to the extension x of spring if its elastic limit is not exceeded.
Which of the following graphs shows the Hookes Law?

A - 1.5 B - 0.7
C 0.7 D 1.0
E 1.5

Example 39 Example 41
The acceleration,a of an object is inversely proportional to the mass,m of The equation of the graph above is
the object under constant force.
Which of the following graphs describes the relationship between a and
m.

A P = 10Q + 5 B P = 2Q + 10
C P = -2Q + 10 D P = 5Q 10
Example 42
The following figure shows a graph U versus V.

Which of the following shows the correct

relationship between U and V?

A U=mV +m
n
B U=-mV +m
n
C U=mV + n
n
D U=-nV +m
m