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PCommondefects PDF
PCommondefects PDF
PCommondefects PDF
Common Defects
A paint defect is in many cases due to a number of In general, paint defects can occur during:
causes. In some cases, several defects may occur
simultaneously and hinder the determination of the Paint storage;
causes and redemption works.
Application, drying and curing; and
common defects
condition settling
Dilute with
Excessive dilution or appropriate thinners Move to appropriate
dilution with as recommended by storage conditions as
unsuitable materials manufacturer recommended by
manufacturer
Discard paint
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Table 6.2 Common Defects During Application, Drying and Curing
Apply with
appropriate coat in
common defects
accordance to
manufacturers
recommendation
Wrinkling/ Rivelling Application of thick Sand and clean Remove paint film,
Formation of undulating wrinkling Oil-Alkyd, which receiving surface sand, clean and
film. causes shrinkage of before application re-paint as in
paint film. This tends Preventive Measure
to occur when drying Apply with
is expedited at high appropriate coat in
temperatures accordance with
manufacturers
Painting over recommendation
insufficiently dried
paint Avoid painting in
thick film
Avoid accumulation
of paint around bolts,
angles, etc.
Observe overcoating
intervals in
accordance with
manufacturers
recommendation
Crawling Painting over surfaces Sand and clean Remove paint film,
Slipping or inability to form a film. that are not prepared, receiving surface sand, clean and
e.g. sand, dirt and before application re-paint as in
dust on the surface Preventive Measure
Apply with
appropriate coat in
accordance with
manufacturers
recommendation
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Defects Possible Causes Preventive Measures Remedial Methods
Crating Painting over surfaces Sand and clean Remove paint film,
Formation of small bowl-shaped that are not prepared, receiving surface sand, clean and
depressions. e.g. sand, dirt and before application re-paint as in
dust on the surface Preventive Measure
Apply with
Use of contaminated appropriate coat as
tools and recommended by
water/solvents manufacturer
common defects
receiving surface
before application
Apply with
appropriate coat as
recommended by
manufacturer
Prolonged Drying Time Incorrect mixing Mix as recommended Remove paint film,
Inability to dry after application. by manufacturer sand, clean and
Use of defective paint re-paint as in
Discard paint if it is Preventive Measure
defective
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Table 6.3 Common Defects During Service Life
In most persistent
cases, epoxy-based
paint has been used
with good success but
at a higher cost
common defects
Repaint on receiving
surface with moisture
content not
exceeding 6%
(or refer to
manufacturers
recommendation)
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Defects Causes Preventive Measures Remedial Methods
b) Migration of inherent wood gum Painting over Paint on receiving Repaint on receiving
and resins in timber. insufficiently dried surface with moisture surface with moisture
timber content not content not
exceeding 15% exceeding 15%
Failure to use primer (or refer to (or refer to
manufacturers manufacturers
recommendation) recommendation)
Observe overcoating
intervals in
accordance with
manufacturers
recommendations
common defects
Deterioration / Erosion of Pigment Use of vibrant Select colours that are Remove powder and
colours paint with more stable unstable matter
organic particles that
are easily susceptible Use appropriate Repaint with
to UV degradation coating system appropriate coating
system
Use of paint with
water sensitive Select colours that are
pigments more stable
34
Defects Causes Preventive Measures Remedial Methods
Peeling & Flaking Paint Water seepage Install proper Arrest moisture
a) Moisture related through roof, waterproofing system source
toilets etc before painting
Prepare and treat the
surface
Repaint on receiving
surface with moisture
content not
exceeding 6%
(or refer to
manufacturers
recommendation)
common defects
b) Incorrect Paint System Failure to use Prime/seal all bare Remove all defective
primer/sealer surfaces with paint work and
appropriate primer prepare the surface
Failure to use etching or sealer
primer for non- Repaint with
ferrous metals appropriate system
c) Poor Surface Preparation Failure to remove Employ adequate Remove all defective
unstable matter surface preparation to and loose paint film,
during surface remove all unstable and unstable matter
preparation matter such as plaster etc
Re-coat with
appropriate coating
system
35
Defects Causes Preventive Measures Remedial Methods
common defects
moisture condensation are in
check Prepare and treat the
It can be an surface.
indication of
waterproofing Repaint on receiving
problem in other surface with moisture
parts of the building content not
exceeding 6%
(or refer to
manufacturers
recommendation).
Repaint with
appropriate system.
Rust Stains Corrosion of metal Protect and treat all Remove metal parts
elements that are metal parts from and treat the metal
attached to, adjacent corrosion surface
to or embedded in,
another substrate Clean the walls and
prepare the surface to
Installation of metal receive painting
elements that are not
treated Repaint with
appropriate system
36
Defects Causes Preventive Measures Remedial Methods
Algae & Fungi Growth Moisture source and Avoid details with Remove dirt and
Temperature, humidity retention very rough textures or algae by high-
conditions and moisture content rough-cast plastered pressure water jetting
of the surfaces/ substrates would Employing of details finishes
determine the likelihood of algae that assist growth of Treat infected areas
and fungi formation. algae/fungi: Use a more algae with fungicidal wash
resistant paint to
On buildings, algae are generally (i) Profile of delay the onset of Re-paint with a more
found outdoors such as external substrates; algae growth algae resistant paint
wall surfaces, as their chlorophyll rough-textured
characteristic requires sufficient finishes or Use capping and
sunlight for growth. Whilst fungi rough concrete copings
are commonly found on internal surfaces
wall surfaces of damp areas such Employ overhanging
as bathrooms. roofs to protect the
walls
It should be noted that algae
growth may be attributed to
improper design of the building
and its faade.
SUNLIGHT
SPORES MOISTURE
common defects
SPORES MOISTURE
FUNGI
ALGAE
Capping details
37
Defects Causes Preventive Measures Remedial Methods
common defects
protruding air-
resistant paint
conditioned units
Rectify the water
with no proper
Ensure good drainage problem
drainage pipes.
workmanship
Re-paint with a more
algae resistant paint
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