Professional Documents
Culture Documents
P&ID, An Insight Into Oil Refinery
P&ID, An Insight Into Oil Refinery
Diagram
Piping and instrumentation diagram, also called P&ID, illustrates the piping processes
and interactions with other installed equipment and instrumentation. P&IDs are often
used in the process industry to show the process flow and other installed equipment
and instrument.
Piping and instrumentation diagram plays a crucial role in the design and engineering of process plants and
piping systems, by showing the interaction of process used to control the process. P&ID is a schematic
illustration of functional relationship of piping, instrumentation and system equipment components
P&ID is a very common term used in the world of process industries. A process engineer in a manufacturing
plant need to create new and/or modify the already existing P&ID to the as-is plant modifications. All the
Chemical Engineering and related Engineering students have also learned about it or at least heard. A P&ID is a
detailed graphical representation of a process including the hardware and software (e.g., piping, equipment,
instrumentation) necessary to design, construct and operate the facility. As defined in the PIC001: Piping and
Instrumentation Diagram Documentation Criteria by Process Industry Practice (PIP) - a consortium of process
industry owners and engineering construction contractors who serve the industry.
A P&ID Should Include:
Instrumentation and designations;
Mechanical equipment with names and numbers;
All valves and their identifications;
Process piping, sizes and identification;
Miscellaneous - vents, drains, special fittings, sampling lines, reducers, increasers and swagers;
Permanent start-up and flush lines;
Flow directions;
Interconnections references;
Control inputs and outputs, interlocks;
Seismic category;
Interfaces for class changes;
Quality level;
Annunciation inputs;
Computer control system input;
Vendor and contractor interfaces;
Identification of components and subsystems delivered by others;
Intended physical sequence of the equipment;
Equipment rating or capacity.