SOULTION TUOTORIAL 3

Q1

Q2

i)
Q3

Q4
Q5

Q6
Q7

Q8

Q9
Q10

Q11

Load regulation is the maintenance of a nearly constant output

voltage when the load varies.
When the amount of current through a load changes due to a varying
load resistance, the voltage regulator must maintain a nearly
constant output voltage across the load.How well a regulator performs
load regulation can be determined by the formula below.
Line regulation is the maintenance of a nearly constant output
voltage when the input voltage varies. When the ac input (line)
voltage of a power supply changes, an electronic circuit called a
regulator maintains a nearly constant output voltage
Q12
Two basics types of linear regulator are :
Series Regulator
Shunt Regulator
Explain any type of them (Refer to lecture note)

Q13
Switching regulator is ideal for high current applications since less power is
dissipated.
Basically, a switching regulator passes voltage to the load pulses, which are
then filtered to provide a smooth dc voltage. With switching regulators 90%
efficiencies can be achieved.

Q14

The step-up configuration works much the same as the step-down.

The difference is in the placement of the inductor and the fact that Q 1 is
shunt configured.
During the time when Q 1 is off the VL adds to VC stepping the voltage up by
some amount.

Q15
When the on-time is increased, capacitor charges more increasing the
output voltage.

When the on-time is decreased, the capacitor discharges more decreasing

the output voltage.

The inductor smoothes the fluctuations of the output voltage caused by the
charging and discharging