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Highway 4
Highway 4
Highway 4
The group that presented the topic did an amazing job reporting all the chapters of
their presentation. With them explaining the topics, it is easier for us students to understand
the principles and concept of the topic, which is the Geometric Alignment and Design.
Geometric design for transportation facilities includes the design of geometric cross
sections, horizontal alignment, vertical alignment, intersections, and various design details.
These basic components are common to all linear facilities, such as roadways, railways,
and airport runways and taxiways. Although the details of design standards vary with the
method and the class of facility, most of the issues involved in geometric design are similar
for all modes. In all cases, the objectives of geometric design are to maximize the comfort,
safety, and economy of facilities, while minimizing their environmental impacts.
As stated in their research, geometric design focuses to the comfort, safety and
economy of facilities, to provide efficiency in traffic operation, to provide maximum safety at
reasonable cost and minimize the environmental. There are factors that can affect
geometric design for example: design speed, topography, traffic environmental factors,
economical factors, vehicles properties, humans. All of these factors can affect the design
for our roadways, which is why it is important to determine the standard references for all
factor that can affect geometric design. Geometric design of transportation facilities
includes specification of cross sections, vertical alignments, horizontal alignments, and
various design details. Standard cross sections for tangent horizontal alignment specified
by most design organizations. Vertical alignment consists of vertical tangents and parabolic
vertical curves. The effects of vehicle power/weight ratios on speeds on various positions
determine maximum positions for vertical tangents. Both the length and sharpness of the
position are important. In the case of highways, mainly for aesthetic reasons. Coordination
of horizontal and vertical alignment is important for reasons of appearance, economics, and
safety. Rules are set so that the coordination in vertical and horizontal intersection is safe
and efficient.
PROBLEM
OBJECTIVES
VIEW POINT
Courses of consideration
Recommendation
Proper alignment design is critical in the effort to balance the requirements and safety of
the road user with the value of conserving the integrity of the environment. The designer
must use engineering judgment applied to a variety of factors to develop effective and
efficient geometry in three dimensions. Horizontal alignment, combined with vertical
alignment, serves as the major guiding component related with the design of all types of
public streets and highways. Engineering experience plays a major role in selecting
horizontal geometry that meets desired design standards. There are varieties of factors that
are important in the selection of a horizontal curve or series of curves.
Conclusion
The basic features of a highway are the carriageway itself, expressed in terms of the
number of lanes used, the central reservation or median strip and the shoulders (including
verges). Depending on the level of the highway relative to the surrounding terrain, side
slopes may also be a design issue. Geometric roadway design can be broken into three
main parts: alignment, profile, and cross-section. Combined, they provide a three-
dimensional layout for a roadway. The alignment is the route of the road, defined as a
series of horizontal tangents and curves. The profile is the vertical aspect of the road,
including crest and sag curves, and the straight grade lines connecting them. The cross
section shows the position and number of vehicle and bicycle lanes and sidewalks, along
with their cross slope or banking. Cross sections also show drainage features, pavement
structure and other items outside the category of geometric design.
TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHIIPPINES
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
CE 400 CE41FA1
HIGHWAY ENGINEERING
SUBMITTED BY:
1510872
SUBMITTED TO:
INSTRUCTOR
DATE SUBMITTED:
February 1, 2017