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August-September 2015

QUENCHING JAPANS
EXPORT DROUGHT
Metawater President Tomoyasu Kida
Shares His Vision for Global Expansion

UK Fracking Delays: A Waterloo

Moment for Wastewater Treatment?
Autonomous Reed Beds:
An Answer for Challenging Clogging

AQUATECH
AMSTERDAM
2015
Preview Issue
VISIT US AT HALL 03, BOOTH NO. 03.200
AQUATECH AMSTERDAM | 3 - 6 NOVEMBER 2015

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 CONTENTS AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
10 38
R E G UL A R S
EDITORS NOTE
NEWS
PRODUCT FOCUS 54-55
DIARY /AD INDEX/WEB PROMO
UP F RO NT
LEADER FOCUS
Japanese firm METAWATER has ambitious plans to become a
full water engineering service provider overseas and expand
from the sluggish domestic market. Company president
Tomoyasu Kida speaks exclusively to WWi magazine about
international expansion plans after the company went public.
RE GI ON A L SP OTL I G HT:
WATER SECTOR FAILS TO SPARKLE IN KOSOVO
Kosovo was devastated both by the 1998/1999 war and the
decade of isolationism and systematic discrimination which
preceded it. Among the very poorest countries in Europe and
with a population of less than two million, the chronically
underfunded water sector mirrors its traumatic past.
I N T E R N AT I O N A L S H OW P R E V I E W
SHOW PREVIEW: AQUATECH AMSTERDAM
Ahead of Aquatech Amsterdam, which is increasingly looking
at industrial water, this article looks at how one of the worlds
largest beverage companies, Coca-Cola, is aiming to be water
neutral by 2020 and is improving its logistics to become a more
efficient user of water.
TE CH NO L O GY C AS E S TUD IE S
RACKING DELAYS IN THE UK
Despite the promise of cheap domestic energy, shale gas has
been slow to take off in the UK. In June fracking firm Cuadrilla
Resources had a planning application for four wells in
Lancashire declined. Campaigners hailed the decision as their
Waterloo.
VOLUME 30, ISSUE 4
47
TE CHN OLOG Y CA SE ST UDIE S
4 RETHINKING WASTEWATER TREATMENT 24
Taking a nostalgic look back in time at the development of
6 wastewater treatment since 1909, this article asks whether
there needs to be fundamental change.
ENERGY EFFICIENT PUMPS STRIKE A CHORD IN PARIS 28
56 As well as setting a level in design, the new 390 million Paris
Philharmonie concert hall had to have a robust drinking and
wastewater system to cope with flow variations.
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT 34
10
The Dane County Regional Airport in Wisconsin had to
increase capacity of its stormwater treatment system to meet
requirements of treating 40% of total suspended solids.
PROVING MEMBRANES IN THE CANARY ISLANDS 38
After 11 years in operation, a reverse osmosis (RO)
desalination plant in the Canary Islands needed a
refurbishment to increase capacity and reduce energy.
18 AUTONOMOUS REED BEDS: UNDERSTANDING CLOGGING 41
A 1.1 EU funded two-year project is nearing its end and sets
out to address how a reduction in clogging rate can happen
using autonomous reed bed installations (ARBI).
OPTIMISING WATER OPERATIONS IN MANILA, PHILIPPINES 44
Insufficient pressure caused by high flow during peak demand
generates customer complaints. Manila Water chose a solution
that helped to save 580 m3/day and dealt with this challenge.
47
PRO DU CTS
ULTRAVIOLET TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY (UV) 54
Singapore wastewater reuse plant to use Xylem UV tech in
Changi; UV system designed for hazardous gas environments;
UV rig helps United Utilities rid crypto bug and UV
inactivates cryptosporidium as part of Texas reuse project.
14
FITTINGS & CONTROLS 55
Triple offset valve offers zero leakage for non-critical
applications; Submersible hydrostatic depth and level
transmitters; Multiple leak detection system launch and
Tubing products from Saint-Gobain.
AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM 1
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 EDITORS NOTE Tom Freyberg, Chief editor

LIGHTING UP THE BUGS

The UKs United Utilities survived a public relations battle after the
cryptosporidium bug got into its supply and 300,000 customers were
urged to boil their drinking water. How can water companies reduce the
damage both financial and reputation from such incidents?

A
s Ive said before, the water industry is one of the worlds most underrated and
underappreciated public services out there. In developed nations the water industry
is expected to deliver continuous, clean water 24 hours a day, seven days a week. It
is only until there is a problem that customers start complaining and question how
much they are paying for the service.
In the case of United Utilities in the UKs Midlands, the utility had to recently
instruct 300,000 households to continue boiling their drinking water due to small
traces of cryptosporidium found at a treatment plant. The microscopic bug, which
can cause stomach upsets, was initially discovered during routine tests.
This reminded me of a famous quote by the Dalai Lama: If you think you are too
small to make a difference, try sleeping with a mosquito.
To rid its supply of the cryptosporidium, the utility installed several ultraviolet
(UV) treatment rigs (see page 54). Calling the move one of its biggest engineering
projects to date, the rigs were sourced from across the UK and Europe.
United Utilities told WWi that routinely our treatment process of coagulation
and filtration is enough to remove cryptosporidium and that the UV technology
was being used after the plant as a belt and braces strategic approach. A formal
investigation by the Drinking Water Inspectorate will address how the bug got into

IF YOU THINK YOU the water system and the utilitys current treatment infrastructure.
Clearly, dealing with a bug like this is a huge inconvenience, expense and not to
ARE TOO SMALL mention public relations nightmare the story made national headlines. Although
the problem was addressed and the solution brought in, the whole exercise got me
TO MAKE A thinking (I know, dangerous). Shouldnt UV units, or the equivalent, be held on

DIFFERENCE, TRY
standby for such emergencies? Surely the priority of getting public supply back
to normal ASAP would be quicker if such units were available instead of having
SLEEPING WITH A to be sourced from across the UK and Europe. Yes, I understand such high-tech
equipment is not exactly cheap to have on standby but what price can you put on
MOSQUITO. public health, or a utilitys reputation for that matter?
Moving on, as you will have seen on the cover, the focus for this issues Leader
Focus is Japanese water engineering firm, Metawater. Most readers will know the
company from its ceramic membranes and partnership with Dutch company, PWN
Technologies. However, after raising $222 million from an Initial Public Offering
at the end of last year, Metawater is using the cash to go after the international
market and get away from the sluggish domestic one in Japan. It will certainly be an
interesting and challenging journey for the company but one to look out for.
Watch this space.

Follow on

4 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015

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NEWS

WORLD NEWS
1 US: NEW YORK
Xylem has issued a new share
repurchase program of its common
stock. Effectively immediately,
the companys board of directors
authorised the new share repurchase
program of its common stock of up
to $500 million. These repurchases
are expected to be made from time to
time in the open market or privately
negotiated transactions. The company
will host an Investor Day on Sept. 24
2015, in New York City, N.Y.

2 US: NEVADA
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and
University of Nevada, Reno, will study
the cause of eutrophication, or increased
algae growth, along the nearshore of
Lake Tahoe. Supported by Californias
Lahontan Water Quality Control Board 1
(LWQCB), the investigation is in response 2
to widespread concerns with water
quality and ecological degradation of
the lakes nearshore environment. Over
the last decade, nearshore periphyton
growth, a form of algae, has increased
dramatically in Lake Tahoe.

3 SPAIN
Carlos Jarque has been appointed at chief executive/
CEO of the FCC Group in Spain and takes over
from former chief executive, Juan Bjar. Since 2013
he has been the executive director of corporate,
government and international relations in Latin
American private company, Amrica Mvil, operating
in the telecommunications sector of 17 Latin American
countries, as well as in the U and 10 European countries.
Jarque said: the rehabilitation of FCC and its shares
will continue in order to reinforce the company both
financially and opearationally.

4 SWEDEN
Engineering company CH2M has won this years
Stockholm Industry Water Award for its efforts in
potable water reuse. The company was awarded by
the Stockholm International Water Institute (SIWI)
to continuing to evolve water reuse practices and
working with Singapores national water agency
to help win public acceptance on the countrys
NEWater project. CH2Ms first notable success in
this area dates back to the 1960s.
5 OMAN
The Oman Oil Refineries and Petroleum Industries
Company (Orpic) has awarded Aquatech a contract to
design and supply a Multiple Effect Distillation (MED)
seawater desalination system for its Sohar Refinery
Improvement Project in Oman. MED technology was
specified to supply 16,056 m3/day to boilers, as well
as service and potable water. Aquatech is supplying
the system to a Petrofac Daelim Joint Venture that
has the full EPC contract for the whole refinery project.
Commissioning is expected in early 2016.

6 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015

 NEWS

10 AUSTRALIA 9 SOUTH KOREA

The Broken Hill 6,000 m3/day desalination plant will undergo a capacity LG NanoH2O will be part of
increase by Australian firm Osmoflo as part of a turnkey solution for existing a newly launched business
client and plant owner, Essential Energy. Brackish water and high salinity unit called LG Water
reverse osmosis (RO) technology will be used as part of the upgrade, which Solutions, after the Californian
will include onsite and remote ongoing operations and maintenance support membrane business was
of the plant. The re-instated plus additional RO capacity will be fully acquired by Korean chemical
operational from November 2015. company LG Chem in
April 2014. To coincide
with the rebranding, a new
nanocomposite membrane
manufacturing site is expected
to open for business next
month in Cheong-ju, Korea.
The facility will produce
seawater, brackish water and
tap water RO membranes.
4

3 9 8 INDIA
Questions have been asked
as to whether the 336,000
6 m3/day Gujarat desalination
project will make it through to
5 8 completion. The $600m plant
was originally contracted by
the Gujarat government to a
7 Singapore-Japanese alliance,
including Hyflux and Hitachi.
Dahej SEZ CEO SN Patil told
local source Financial Express
that I am not sure whether
10 the Dahej desalination plant
will take off or not. From
our side, we have allotted
them the land but from their
side there is no response.
Speaking to WWi as part of its
Leader Focus in the April-May
edition, Hyflux CEO Olivia
Lum said Dahej took longer
to close and that Hitachi is
the one driving the project.

6 UAE (DUBAI) 7 INDONESIA

Dubais efforts to follow its Emirate brother Abu Dhabi
and build a deep-tunnel sewer network have taken a
step forward. The Dubai Municipality has reportedly
invited companies to bid on two consultancy contracts
in the Deira and Bur Dubai areas. A consultant is needed
to provide supervision services for a 26km tunnel, as
consultants to assist with a 56km-long deep-tunnel
sewer in the Bur area of the city. Abu Dhabi is close to
completing its $1.6 billion Strategic Tunnel Enhancement
Programme (STEP).
The Dutch Embassy in Jakarta has awarded
consultancy Royal HaskoningDHV a 6.6 million
sanitation project as part of the Urban Sanitation
Development Programme (USDP). Launched in
2010, the 14 million project sets out goals for
wastewater, urban drainage and solid waste.
The project will provide direct support for the
acceleration of sanitation development to some 100
local governments in 10 Indonesian provinces and
supports an ambitious nationwide programme.

AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM 7

NEWS
ANALYSIS: GLOBAL WATER STRESS BY 2040
It may not come as a
surprise that the Middle East
region accounts for almost
half of the most water scarce
countries in the world. Yet,
what may come as more of
shock is that certain areas of
the US and Chinas Ningxia
province could see water
stress increase by up to 40 to
70% by 2040.
A new analysis from WRI
ranks 167 countries for water
stress in 2040, claiming
that 14 of the 33 likely most
stressed countries are in the
Middle East. This includes
nine considered extremely
highly stressed with a score
of 5.0 out of 5.0: Bahrain,
Kuwait, Palestine, Qatar,
United Arab Emirates, Israel,
Saudi Arabia, Oman and
Lebanon.
Using climate models and
socioeconomic scenarios,
WRI scored and ranked
future water stress a
8 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
measure of competition and
depletion of surface water
in 167 countries by 2020,
2030, and 2040.
It found that 33 countries
face extremely high water
stress in 2040 and that also
Chile, Estonia, Namibia,
and Botswana could face an
especially significant increase
in water stress by 2040.
According to WRI, drought
and water shortages in
Syria likely contributed to
the unrest that stoked the
countrys 2011 civil war.
Dwindling water resources
and chronic mismanagement
forced 1.5 million people,
primarily farmers and
herders, to lose their
livelihoods and leave their
land, move to urban areas,
and magnify Syrias general
destabilisation. Meanwhile
Saudi Arabias government
said its people will depend
entirely on grain imports by
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2016, a change from decades
of growing all they need,
due to fear of water-resource
depletion.
While they will probably
not face the extreme water
stress blanketing the
Middle East in 2040, global
superpowers such as the
US, China and India face
water risks of their own.
High water stress in all three
countries are projected to
remain roughly constant
through 2040.
Every water-stressed
country is affected by a
different combination of
factors. Chile, for example,
projected to move from
medium water stress in
2010 to extremely high
stress in 2040. It is among
the countries more likely to
face a water supply decrease
from the combined effects
of rising temperatures in
critical regions and shifting
precipitation patterns.
Meanwhile Botswana and
Namibia sit squarely within
a region that is already
vulnerable to climate change.
Water supplies are limited
and risk from floods and
droughts is high. Futhermore,
projected temperature
increases in southern Africa
are likely to exceed the global
average, along with overall
drying and increased rainfall
variability. On the water
demand side, according to
Aqueduct projections, a 40 to
70% - or greater increase is
expected.
Such situations severely
threaten national water
security and economic
growth. As a result, WRI
urged governments to
respond with management
and conservation practices
that will help protect
essential sustainable water
resources for years to come.
 New Spectroquant
test kits for
RIO LAB WARNS OF
water analysis
Cooling & Boiler Water | Drinking Water | Wastewater
OLYMPIC WATER
QUALITY DANGER If youre looking for accuracy in water analysis,
the choice is clear:
Scientists at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Spectroquant offers more than 180 test kits,
who have been testing the waters around Rio for the last each formulated to deliver precise results quickly
20 years, have expressed disappointment with the lack of and easily.
progress being made in preparation for the 2016 Olympics.
From the most sensitive tests to the most
The universitys marine biology laboratory has revealed tolerant, youll find exactly what you seek:
worrying trends for parameters such as ammonia, nitrates and absolute clarity in water analysis.
phosphates.
Guanabara Bay sits beneath the iconic Sugar Loaf Mountain
and is set to be the location for the sailing events of the 2016
Olympics. However, practising international contestants have
complained of detritus in the water presenting a hazard and www.merckmillipore.com/clarity
there is concern that the event may have to be moved further
out to sea.
Sailors have reported floating TV sets, sofas and dead
animals, said the Universitys Rodolfo Paranhos. These
items present a physical hazard that can damage a yacht or
get caught up in the rudder, causing it to lose its place in a
race. However, chemical and biological pollution represents
a potentially more serious threat, because of the diseases that
can arise from sewage pollution.
Greater Rio has a population of over 10 million people and
millions of litres of untreated sewage are discharged into
Guanabara Bay and into the rivers that feed it, every day.
As a result, these rivers are largely reported to be anoxic
incapable of supporting normal aquatic life.
The Brazilian government has taken some initiatives
to address the pollution, with nets preventing debris
from entering the bay and so-called Eco-Boats scooping
up floating and slightly submerged debris. There has
also been some effort to reduce the amount of untreated
sewage reaching the bay, but Rodolfo Paranhos said: It is
probably now too late to solve the problem, because of the
infrastructure that would be required to provide effective
sewage treatment. However, importantly, this would be an
indication that the promised environmental legacy of Rio 2016
has failed.

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AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM 9

LEADER FOCUS
CERAMIC MEMBRANES:
REVERSING JAPANS
EXPORT DROUGHT
Perhaps best known for supplying ceramic
membrane filtration systems, Japanese
firm Metawater has ambitious plans to
become a full water engineering service
provider overseas and expand from the
sluggish domestic market. Company
President Tomoyasu Kida speaks
exclusively to WWi magazine about
international expansion plans after the
company went public.
By Tom Freyberg
J
apan was a hotbed of innovation
in the 1960s and 70s. In 1964 the
country entered the first bullet
train into service. Long before America
changed the music industry with
its Apple ipod, the Japanese island
exported the Sony Walkman in 1979 and
revolutionised how people listened to
music.
Add the karaoke machine in 1971 and
then the successful PlayStation console
in 1994 (now in its 4th edition) and
Asias technology powerhouse could
do no wrong. Fast forward 20 years and
this talent of exporting innovation could
be accused of drying up. With Korea
taking over the mantle of becoming
Asias technology hub, successfully
shipping brands such as Samsung and
LG overseas, what has happened to
Japan?
As Keishi Kameyama, chairman
of internet company DMM.com told
the BBC: We have been innovating
great products but we are not good at
marketing them abroad.
Yet instead of judging a country
Initial Public Offering (IPO)
Metawater raised JPY26 billion ($222 million) from floating the company in December 2014
on the Tokyo Stock Exchange, following the issuance of 5.9 million new shares and 5.6 million
existing treasury shares.
10 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
on how well it exports electronics or
automotive goods, maybe there should
be a shift in focus. For its ceramic
membranes, which have been used in
the Andijk III drinking water plant in
the Netherlands, is one export the nation
should be proud of.
Supplied by Metawater, the ceramic
membranes have been a talking point
of the water filtration community for
many months, years even. In Japan,
around 40% of municipal drinking
water produced using microfiltration or
ultrafiltration membranes is through the
use of ceramic membranes.
Claimed to be tougher than polymeric
but a lot less popular overseas for
municipal applications due to a
higher capital cost, are the financials
of ceramics changing? We speak to
Metawaters president, Tomoyasu Kida,
to find out.
Water & Wastewater International
magazine (WWi): Metawater recently
went through a successful Initial
Public Offering (IPO) on the Tokyo
Stock Exchange. Tell me more
about this and how it fits in with
international expansion goals?
Tomoyasu Kida, president, Metawater
(TK): We listed our company on the
Tokyo Stock Exchange in December
at the end of last year. Funds from the
stock exchange will be used for the
development of the company overseas.
The third point is we are thinking about
our future privatisation of the water
and wastewater industries is going to be
accelerated and we will be a part of this.
WWi: Talk me through your
international business which
countries is Metawater involved
in and how much revenue (%) do
international contracts provide?
TK: In five years we would like to
increase our sales to 140 billion yen
(US1.1 billion), and in the long-term
expand sales internationally to 10%.
We would like to expand our portfolio
overseas, with Europe and the US
being our prime targets, as they benefit
from stable markets. We are aiming
to expand the sales of the ceramic
membrane technology for the drinking
water market, especially for the Western
Countries. But also we want to sell
technology related to the wastewater
treatment as well. In order for the
 LEADER FOCUS

overseas expansion, we have an alliance

strategy to work with partners. We
OUR CERAMIC MEMBRANES HAVENT
would like to find partners to sell our BEEN BROKEN FOR MORE THAN 17 YEARS
technology and products. And then for
the Asian market we can expect some AT THE MOMENT. IF YOU THINK ABOUT
growth in the future. In Japan we have
public-private partnerships for which LIFECYCLE COST, WE HAVE THE
we have many public customers. Based
on this experience and many references
ADVANTAGE.
we have in Japan, we would like to means you dont need much electricity. Andijk and the US in Montanna, they
expand into other Asia countries. With ceramic membranes, the electricity are using ceramics because of the stable
consumption can be extremely low. operation, the lifecycle cost and also the
WWi: You are perhaps best known Also, ceramics can be more stable to ease of maintenance. The value of the
in Europe for your partnership with handle varying water qualities. For ceramic membranes is being understood
Dutch company PWN Technologies. example, raw water from a lake can be gradually by the countries in our target
How does this partnership work poor however ceramics can handle this area.
financially? with good filtration functions.
TK: As part of the partnership with WWi: Japan has always been known
PWN Technologies, we supplied WWi: You said 17 years unbroken for as a leading performer in water
our ceramic membranes and basic the ceramic membranes. How long do management. How would you describe
operation know-how to the Andijk III you think they will go on for? the market now?
drinking water plant in the Netherlands. TK: At the moment I cannot give you TK: The coverage rate for both water
PWN is experiencing a lot of activity specific number but next year it will be and wastewater systems is quite high in
and participating in plans for other 18 years! There are over 130 ceramic Japan. For drinking water, the coverage
drinking water plants, for example in membrane plants in operation but none is nearly 100% and for the wastewater,
the South West in the UK (South West of them have broken to date. I hope it it is almost 80%.We benefit from very
Water). Were also aiming to establish will be over 20 years for all plants to wide coverage on both. The problem is
partnerships with local companies work well. the aging of the infrastructure.
and are also working on technological Municipalities in Japan have a
cooperation with RWB in the WWi: In 2014 the 120,000 m3/day problem with a shortage of skilled
Netherlands, for which we share about Andijk III drinking water plant opened staff members and the population
25% of their stock. in the Netherlands and the 172,800 is shrinking. So the privatisation of
m3/day Kawai Ceracocca purification the water businesses is likely to be
WWi: Ceramic membranes are reported plant opened in Yokohama. Do you accelerated. In this situation, private
to only have 2-3% market share for think now is the turning point for companies are going to play a bigger
municipal water filtration compared ceramic membranes globally? role in Japans future. Also regarding
to polymeric. Do you think this will TK: Of course domestically they are the public systems, due to the change
change or will ceramics be better starting to be used but overseas, in of climate and environment, Japan
suited to industrial applications due to
higher CAPEX?
TK: The initial CAPEX for the ceramic
membranes is a little higher but if you
look at the whole lifecycle cost, they still
have the advantage. With polymeric
membranes you need to make
replacements once every five years or
so. However, our ceramic membranes
havent been broken for more than 17
years at the moment. If you think about
lifecycle cost, we have the advantage.
Also, another advantage with ceramic
membranes concerns energy. For other
filtration, you usually have to use
high pump pressure. With ceramics
they are very strong and have a very
high permeability so you can use
gravity systems if you have the height
advantage. For example, we are using
the gravity system in Kawai purification
plant in the city of Yokohama. As there
isnt a pump being used at all, that
Strong: There are over 130 ceramic membrane plants with no reported breakages to date

AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM 11

LEADER FOCUS
often gets torrential rain and this affects
urban areas. New technologies need to
be devised to handle this and that will
be very important to deal with water
management in Japans future.
WWi: How can what youve learned
from the Japanese market be applied to
public-private partnerships globally?
TK: Regarding the financing model for
the wastewater treatment plant serving
a fish processing factory in Onagawa,
this was a unique model for Japan. This
was the first time we were involved in
the operation and maintenance (O&M)
as well as bill collection. This is a model
of the future for us.
In South East Asia we are doing some
development and one of the examples
is the pre-treatment trickling filtration
systems for sewage. This system can
save energy from 60-70%, compared
with conventional activated sludge
processes, and were having some
demonstration experiments regarding
this at the moment with Japanese
government and municipalities. This
type of technology can support people
in South East Asia who have been
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12 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
METAWATER Financials
FY March 2015 Actual FY March 2018 Target
Orders 117 billion yen ($937m) 140 billion yen ($1.4bn)
Net Sales 106.9 billion yen ($856.1m) 130 billion yen ($1bn)
Operating Profit 8.2 billion yen ($65.6m) 10 billion yen ($80m)
Net income 5 billion yen ($40m) 6 billion yen ($48m)
Return on Investment 10.4% 10% or more
suffering with the shortage of energy. yet, as were known for products and
equipment. We would like to establish
WWi: Interesting. So youre saying our brand first. In the other South East
Metawater wants to position itself as a Asia countries we would like to pursue
water treatment plant operator in the the PPP (public-private partnerships)
DBO model (design, build & operate), collaborations with other companies. We
not just an equipment supplier? are not saying we can win business by
TK: Yes. This is a comprehensive model ourselves in these countries yet, but we
and we wish to expand our business need partnerships to do so.
into in the future. I think that is going
to be the next step. Currently regarding Tom Freyberg is chief editor of WWI
emerging countries we havent magazine. For more information on the
established our brand name Metawater article, email: tomf@pennwell.com
www.lama.es
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TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES INDUSTRIAL WATER
FRACKING
DELAYS
IN THE UK
Rejected: In June this year Lancashire County Council refused
Caudrilla Resourcess application to drill four additional wells
Despite the promise of cheap
domestic energy, shale gas
has been slow to take off in
the UK. In June fracking firm
Cuadrilla Resources had a
planning application for four
wells in Lancashire declined.
Campaigners hailed the decision
as their Waterloo.This article
looks at the implications for the
wastewater treatment industry.
By Ben Messenger
14 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM
H
ydraulic fracturing, also known
as fracking is the process of
forcing oil and gas from layers
of shale buried deep below the ground
through the injection of water. To many
it is the just the olive branch we need
to see us through the transition to more
renewable forms of energy. To others
it is little more than environmental
vandalism with the potential to cause
earthquakes and pollute groundwater.
In the US the industry has boomed
with production rising from 2,116
billion cubic feet in 2008 to 11,415 billion
2013. That rise has ushered in an era of
ultralow energy prices.
While the availability of cheap shale
gas is challenging for the renewable
energy sector, it provides a wide range
of opportunities for companies in
resource efficiency sectors, particularly
in the water sector, according to a report
by Impax Asset Management. The
report cites the examples of US utility
Aqua America which is building a
pipeline to supply the Marcellus shale,
AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
and water and chemicals firm Ecolab
which has seen strong revenue growth.
WATERLOO
In the UK the backdrop is a little
different. In 2011 the blame for a small
earthquake near Blackpool fell at
frackings door. While that stopped
the industry in its tracks, hopes that
an extensive roll-out of the technology
could eventually supply up to 10%
of the countrys gas requirements
remained high. In January 2014 Prime
Minister David Cameron declared that
the then coalition government was
going all out for shale.
Furthermore, during her first Energy
and Climate Change Committee
meeting on 21 July, Secretary of State
for Energy and Climate Change, Amber
Rudd, reinforced the governments
commitment.
I think shale gas will be an important
part of the energy mix for the UK and
I also note that its an important part
of our decarbonisation targets because
 TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES INDUSTRIAL WATER

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TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES INDUSTRIAL WATER

it is effectively a low carbon source (of Institution of Water and Environmental Petts adds that in order to fully
energy), she asserts. Given that gas Management (CIWEM). understand the situation its necessary
is going to remain an important part of The wastewater is going to be to separate exploration from future field
our security of supply going forward, highly saline and contain low levels development.
how much better to have our own gas of naturally occurring radioactive For the exploration phase, Remsol
than having to import it. So I remain material, she explains to WWi. It has researched, identified, tested and
committed to making sure we can would need specialist treatment or for proven a safe and effective method
explore for shale. the treatment plant to have the right of treating and disposing of flowback
permits in place which incurs a cost so wastewater on behalf of Cuadrilla
WATERLOO they (the utilities) would be unlikely Resources, he says. Right now, there
However, four years after the Blackpool to invest until there is certainty in the are around a dozen merchant waste
incident, and following fierce debate supply chain. treatment facilities that operate the
from both sides, at the end of June this I would have thought that there identified treatment method in the UK,
year Lancashire County Council refused will be very little impact on the water three of which also have the necessary
Cuadrilla Resourcess application utilities from the decision to decline permissions to do so.
to drill up to four wells near Little Cuadrillas application as they are According to Petts the method of
Plumpton. Environmental campaigners not currently geared up to accept treatment has been almost universally
described it as Waterloo. wastewater from shale gas activities. accepted as the best way to deal with
It goes without saying that Although this is something that some of the wastewater.
Staffordshire based Cuadrilla is not them are looking into I dont think they Collectively, the 12 or so sites have
happy about the decision, and says that are viewing it as a lucrative growth area more than sufficient spare capacity to
it plans to appeal. Others involved in just yet, at least until the industry gets deal with the predicted volumes of
the industry also remain bullish. off the ground, continues Grant. flowback wastewater that might be
This is just one adverse planning
One question the industry is trying to answer is if oil companies are looking to outsource water treatment, would
decision, where the professional this be to a water company or to a firm that can provide general logistical support?
judgment of planning officials, leading
counsel and expert agencies was to
approve based on the fact that all of the
environmental, safety, health and local
issues had been addressed, comments
Ken Cronin, chief executive of industry
umbrella body UK Onshore Oil and
Gas. Other exploration companies have
already stated they will be putting in
their own applications very shortly.
Lee Petts, managing director
of Remsol, a Lancashire based
environmental services firm which
is involved in treating and disposing
of flowback wastewater on behalf of
Cuadrilla adds: Its another delay, and
that causes more anxiety for residents
and more uncertainty for businesses.

WASTEWATER OPPORTUNITIES
According to Petts, there has been a
huge amount of interest in shale gas
flowback treatment in recent years,
with many believing that a successful
shale gas industry could stimulate
significant growth in wastewater
treatment markets.
There probably isnt going to be
much of an investment opportunity in
the short-term exploratory phase, he
tells WWi. When we see a scaling-up
to field development, there is likely to
be a greater investment opportunity in
mobile, site-based treatment for reuse.
Thats a sentiment shared by Laura
Grant, policy adviser at the Chartered

16 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015

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18 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
Booming: In the US hydraulic fracturing production has risen from 2,116 billion cubic feet in 2008 to 11,415 billion in 2013
seen in the next two to three years as
Cuadrilla and other operators advance
their plans.
LOOKING AHEAD
Looking ahead to field development,
Petts sees it as unlikely that operators
will continue to rely upon third party
treatment and disposal capacity at
remote locations for several reasons.
Firstly cost, he says For shale gas
to be economically viable, well costs will
need to be kept to a minimum, and so
operators will want to avoid the expense
of transporting wastewater by road in
tankers and then paying to dispose of
it. Secondly, local impacts: operators
are already under intense pressure to
try and minimise disruption to local
residents, and traffic impacts are one of
the worst culprits.
Because of this Petts thinks there
will likely be much greater emphasis
placed on the deployment of on-site
clean-up technologies that will allow
operators to reuse some of the flowback
in subsequent fracture treatments.
This he says will create multiple
benefits, including reduced demand for
clean water, reduced traffic impacts and,
of course, lower overall operating costs.
Well need to see a substantial
growth in off-site treatment capacity,
he argues. Or if its technically feasible,
on-site treatment for discharge to
the local environment, presenting
potentially significant investment
opportunities several years from now.
But it doesnt end there, he
continues. And thats because once the
wells are put into production, they will
continue to co-produce flowback, along
with the extracted gas, for the entire life
of each well.
At that stage, there will be no
obvious opportunity for clean-up and
reuse, and so it will require off-site
disposal or the ability to treat on-site
to a very high standard that means the
residue can safely be discharged to a
local watercourse.
PEERING ACROSS THE POND
Michael Coffey, managing director of
consulting firm Aquastrat, argues that
to get a picture of how wastewater
treatment could be dealt with if fracking
scales up we need to look to the US.
In the US there are two or three
companies like GE and Veolia that
offer bespoke services for onsite water
treatment, he tells WWi. But as the oil
price has fallen and the oil companies
have sought to reduce costs, theyve
 TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES INDUSTRIAL WATER

tried to outsource the water treatment

side of all their hydrocarbon extraction
activities.
Coffey continues: The problem the
water industrys got is that if an oil
company is looking to outsource its
water treatment, does it go to a water
company? Or does it go to a company
that can provide water treatment as
part of a general package of logistical
support like a Halliburton? I think thats
where theyre going to have to compete.
Its not going to be an opportunity for
utilities its going to be for services
companies.
That view is reinforced by Wayne
Evans, vice president of industrial
technology at Veolias Water
Technologies division, which supplies
equipment services for fracking
operations in North America.
By and large the whole of fracking
logistics is controlled by the service
companies and its very noticeable that
theyve been buying their own water
treatment companies over the past few
years to support them, he tells WWi.
Generally theyre resistant to the
complexities of having a water company
come in and help them. Theres a For more information, enter 13 at wwi.hotims.com
presumption that an oilfield service
company will take care of everything,
certainly in the case of flowback water.

CONCLUSION
While Evans believes they would be
relatively limited, if fracking were to
grow in the UK he does see potential
opportunities for water companies - if
they can deliver the value that service
companies provide.
We very much take the view that
as an environmental company there
is a place to lend our expertise to help
mitigate the environmental impact of
fracking in the event that it goes ahead,
he adds. I think those opportunities
are limited, but they may be more than
in the US where most of the flowback
water is deep well injected.
For the UK water industry it would
seem that fracking is of interest, but
is unlikely to produce any kind of
gold rush. And for even those limited
opportunities to be realised will require
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Ben Messenger is a freelance contributor

www.tankconnection.com Parsons, KS 67357
for WWi magazine. He can be reached at
PH: +1 620.423.3010 Inquiry: sales@tankconnection.com
ben@technicaljournalist.com.
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AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM 19

REGIONAL SPOTLIGHT EASTERN EUROPE
WATER SECTOR
FAILS TO SPARKLE
IN KOSOVO
Kosovo was devastated both by
the 1998/1999 war and the decade
of isolationism and systematic
discrimination which preceded it.
Among the very poorest countries
in Europe and with a population
of less than two million, the
chronically underfunded water
sector mirrors its traumatic past.
By Jeremy Josephs
20 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
he Republic of Kosovo only
T
came into being in February
2008 - following a non-UN
authorised NATO bombing campaign
against Yugoslav military targets. And
to this day the landlocked country
remains a disputed territory rather than
an independent state in its own right
- on the not unreasonable grounds of
non-recognition by no less than 85 UN
member states. War, ethnic tensions and
chronic underinvestment - it is hardly
surprising that its water sector should
find itself in a rather sorry state.
STEPPING UP
Given this backdrop it would surely
take a brave man or woman to volunteer
to put his or her head above the Balkans
water parapet. But Baton Begolli, an
environmental engineer from Ankaras
Middle East Technical University with
a Masters degree in environmental
management from the University of
East Anglia in the UK, showed no such
hesitation when the call came.
He worked as director of Kosovos
Water Department and as an advisor
to the Minister in the Ministry of
Environment and Spatial planning. He
then went on to be seconded by the
Swiss Cooperation Office as a Water
Policy Advisor to the Inter-Ministerial
Water Council at no less an address than
the Kosovon Prime Ministers Office in
Pristina.
IMPROVEMENTS
There has been a noticeable
improvement in water supply service
coverage (82%) but without a parallel
investment in water production this is
resulting in greater suppressed demand
effects of water rationing and supply
disruptions. Non-revenue water (NRW)
is running at around 76 million m3/year
- which is around 57% of overall water
production.
Begolli says: This is completely
unacceptable when you consider that
supply to customers remains less than
continuous. When it comes to collection
efficiency this has also improved,
but is still only at 71%. The Regional
Water Companies also need to improve
this to meet their level of service and
investment obligations, in addition to
being able to present themselves as
serious potential partners to private
investors.
At the current rate of progress, a near
full service coverage for water supply
could be achieved in less than ten years.
Yet wastewater coverage rates, currently
comprising of only collection services,
are at around 60%. This means there is
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REGIONAL SPOTLIGHT EASTERN EUROPE
Landlocked Kosovo remains a disputed territory
an overwhelming need to expand the
wastewater networks and to develop
modern, well-run treatment and
disposal facilities.
As things stand, until recently there
was one wastewater treatment plant
- in Skenderaj - in the entire country.
Feasibility studies for wastewater
treatment for all of our major towns
have been completed and there
are already joint government and
international aid agency initiatives to
construct new plants.
Begolli adds: But the fact of the
matter remains that we are in desperate
need of substantial external capital
investment in the sector with the
support of the development agencies
and private sector participation. Here
at the Prime Ministers Office we are
more than receptive to private sector
participation within a clearly defined
regulatory framework.
INTERMITTENT SUPPLY
Some countries point proudly to
their capital cities to showcase their
achievements. This is not the case
Begolli says the NRW rate of 57% is unacceptable
22 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM
in Kosovo. Pristina citizens have to
cope with daily water shortages and
intermittent supply. And as if issues of
contaminated supply and dubious water
quality were not enough to contend
with, the Kosovo authorities recently
found themselves obliged to cut off
water supply to tens of thousands of
people in the capital after police arrested
five suspects linked to Islamic State who
were allegedly planning to poison one
of the capitals two supply reservoirs of
Batllava and Badovci.
Kosovos surface waters are
threatened, moreover, from overuse, a
lack of management, river mining and
pollution from domestic and industrial
wastewater discharge. Upstream use
and pollution is impacting the quantity
and quality of downstream flow. The
monitoring network for surface waters
remains incomplete and thus unable to
generate sufficiently reliable data.
Nor were we aware of the impact
of uncontrolled withdrawal from
groundwater aquifers in recent years,
Begolli admits, That is to say the
decline of groundwater levels. The
indiscriminate use of groundwater wells
for residential or industrial use has been
due to the failure of our water utility
providers to improve and expand their
service areas. Nor is there any national
groundwater data network to speak of,
in the sense that we do not know how
much groundwater is available and of
what, precisely, its quality might be.
And this is precisely why one of
the main recommendations of the
European Commission in recent years
AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
has been the improvement of surface
water monitoring systems, as well as
the establishment of a groundwater
monitoring system. However, on a more
positive note, the government recently
secured commitments to complete
the monitoring network and promote
transboundary cooperation in respect
of the Drini Basin which joins the
water dots between Kosovo, Albania,
Montenegro and Macedonia - no mean
achievement for neighbouring states in
the troubled Balkans.
EU ACCESSION
Of course Kosovos leaders would very
much like to secure their place at the
top table in Brussels via accession to the
European Union. But this is unlikely to
happen any time soon on the grounds
that five of the EUs 28 member states
(Greece, Cyprus, Romania, Slovakia and
Spain) have failed to recognise Kosovo
as an independent state. This has not
prevented the country, however, from
continuing its EU enacted Stabilisation
Tracking Mechanism (STM) programme,
aiming to gradually integrate its
national policies on legal, economic
and social matters with the EU, so that
at some point in the future they might
indeed qualify for EU membership.
With this in mind the EU assigned a
special mission to Kosovo, with Samuel
Zbogar, the former Slovenian foreign
minister, heading up the EU office in
Pristina.
The EU is the biggest donor in
Kosovo, Zbogar confirms. The
financial allocation for Kosovo for
the period 2007-13 under was 637.6
million, or in other words, 354.2 per
capita. Thanks to these funds, many
good things have happened in Kosovo -
not least the new water treatment plant
near Mitrovica.
Begolli and Zbogar would appear
to be singing from the same hymn
sheet, at least in terms of their energy
and optimism, despite the manifest
challenges facing the countrys water
sector. Although a new country with
relatively new experience, Kosovo has
nevertheless significantly advanced in
terms of water governance and water
services reforms, Begolli points out.
A recent study on the state of the
sector report by the Danube Water
Program acknowledges Kosovos
reforms and its highest sustainability
index in the region. One important
 REGIONAL SPOTLIGHT EASTERN EUROPE

factor in achieving this was the traumatic past. The seven year old state admit that. But we have overcome
consolidation of previously municipal is battling against the odds to keep its obstacles in the past and I have not the
water utilities into regional water head above water. Investors have so slightest doubt that we will continue
companies. The purpose was to far failed to assemble en masse to fix to do so in the future. Certainly in the
create larger economies of scale, a Kosovos water woes. On the contrary water sector we have made significant
broader customer data base and non- in fact. And to compound matters progress and are finally heading in the
discriminatory tariffs, as well as less Kosovos youth, bereft of hope and right direction. Even if the road ahead
entry points for distribution of aid both employment alike, are now streaming is likely to remain more than a little
from the Government and international abroad - to Hungary and Germany in bumpy for a while.
funding agencies. particular - but to anywhere where the
people traffickers will lead them. Jeremy Josephs is a freelance contributor
REVENUE COLLECTION Weve got our work cut out here, for WWi magazine. For more information on
The fact of the matter, however, remains Begolli concludes, I am the first to this article, email: tomf@pennwell.com
that revenue collection is still quite low
and non-revenue water is high - a toxic
combination if ever there was one. Of
course these continue to directly impact
on the quality and quantity of water
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The vicious circle continues to run
its course - low revenue collection
impeding future work on improving
the network in addition to investments
in respect of wastewater treatment. The
recent licensing of private enforcement
agencies might offer hope, however,
in respect of generating much needed
additional income.
The government recently also pledged
an amnesty in respect of old debts,
provided customers pay all existing
debts post the nominated year for the
amnesty.
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Yet the regional water companies The Levelogger Series of dataloggers are self-
remain desperately in need of contained water level recorders that use a durable,
investment, with financial needs for corrosion-resistant Hastelloy pressure sensor and
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funding clearly posing a real challenge electrical connection. Because of this unique
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A water strategy and investment protection against power surges and lightning
action plan has been drafted, true strikes.
enough, and is in the process of being
approved. But how likely are its lofty
goals to come to fruition in the current
cash-strapped economic climate?
Certainly back at the Prime Ministers
Office in Pristina Begolli and his team App Store is a service mark of Apple Inc.
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For more information, enter 16 at wwi.hotims.com

AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM 23

TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES BIOSOLIDS
RETHINKING
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
A
While most sludge treatment
technology used today is the
same as invented back in
Victorian England, drivers and
issues are very different. Energy
and resource recovery were
not a major concern in the
early 1900s as they are today.
Taking a nostalgic look back at
the development of wastewater
treatment, this article asks
whether there needs to be a
fundamental change.
By Dr Bill Barber
24 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
great deal has changed both
globally and in the world of
wastewater treatment since Karl
Imhoff patented his sludge treatment
invention in 1909 in Germany. The
benefits of storing sewage in a tank
to reduce its putridity and quantity
had been noted in the years preceding
Imhoffs invention, although the
concepts for the need of sewage
treatment date back further to a report
by Sir E. Chadwick on the Health of the
Working Classes published in 1842.
However, it was a severe cholera
epidemic which incentivised the
UK Parliament to pass the Nuisance
Removal Act in 1855. This began
the scientific study of the chemistry
and biology of sewage sludge. The
first forms of sludge treatment were
straightforward collection and diversion
to the nearest water-course rather
than allowing it to accumulate near
dwellings.
It wasnt until 1857 that it was
a legal requirement to remove
suspended matter or deodorise
sewage prior to its admission to the
streams. In the mid-19th century the
UK was undergoing unprecedented
technological development, and the
Lyuberetskaya WWTP [Image credit: LIT UV]
waste materials from the industries
which fuelled this development also
found their way into the water eco-
system.
According to textbooks written at
the time, sewage sludge would contain
wastes from tanneries, wool mills,
dye works and paper works, as well
as coal ashes, slag, solid refuse from
earthenware manufacturers and metal
works, soil, stones, clay from quarries
and mines, road grit and filth from the
streets, and last but not least a variety of
animal carcasses.
When sewage sludge was passed
into comparatively small rivers from
high population density areas, it caused
severe pollution. So much so, that the
varied industries of the Victorian era
blamed the sewage for contaminating
their water supply. Not surprisingly, the
original drivers for sewage treatment
were to reduce river pollution as well
as human health. An Act of 1861 was
passed which required that sewage
should be purified and freed from faecal
and other putrescible matters prior to
stream and river discharge.
Until 1893, the disinfection of sewage
was regarded as a comparatively
simple and inexpensive problem. It was

thought that the addition of lime, until
the sewage became slightly alkaline,
was sufficient to kill any typhoid or
cholera bacilli which might be present.
However, varied and inconsistent
results led to development of further
technologies, principal of which was
the septic tank (precursor of Imhoffs
invention of 1909), and itself a further
development of Mouras Automatic
Scavenger. This was because it was
discovered that storage of septic sludge
under anaerobic conditions reduced
both the numbers of disease causing
organisms and the sludge itself.
Writing in the British Medical Journal
in 1898, Scott-Moncrieff - a prominent
figure in the Water Industry during
the late 19th and early 20th centuries -
lamented the passing of Louis Pasteur.
Scott-Moncrieff was certain that
the germ theorist would have been
encouraged about the future of sewage
disposal by means of putrefactive
fermentation, followed by nitrification
of the organic matters under highly
aerobic conditions.
During this time, a great deal of
innovation was occurring with the
development and understanding of
anaerobic digestion. Among several
inventions and patents, one (US 663,623)
was granted for a device to hold sewage
or decaying organic matter in enclosed
covered tanks such that gases will be
generated which may be beneficially
and economically employed for the
purpose of illumination or heating or for
obtaining motive power in explosive-
motors.
To put that in context, an article
in Science from 1904 enthused
about a breakthrough in technology
development perhaps as great as when
Stevenson first drove a locomotive
along a railroad whereby, at the tail
end of the previous year a contraption
weighing 700 pounds powered by a
16 horsepower engine flew a distance
of three miles over the skies of North
Carolina. The aircraft in question, the
Wright Flyer, took to the sky three
years after the patent for the anaerobic
digester was granted.
The technical innovation of the time
was itself complemented by increasing
understanding into the theory of
anaerobic digestion. Equation 1, based
on the understanding of the time
(reviewed by Rideal, 1906) shows the
fermentation of sewage in a septic tank.
Prior to anaerobic digestion which
became established in the mid-1890s,
wastewater treatment was almost
exclusively founded on chemical
addition with early sludge engineers
akin to medical apothecaries. Some
of the more exotic materials added
to treat sludge included: sawdust
moistened with sulphuric acid (to aid
dewatering), turpentine, alcohol, iron
filings, brick dust, oil tar, hydrochloric
acid gas, tannerss spent bark, animal
charcoal, salt, sugar, urine, carbolic acid,
phosphoric acid, soft-sludge from
alum works, numerous metallic salts,
blood and so forth.
One patent that catches the eye
though is No. 3,566 filed in 1867 by A.
M. Clark which treats sewage with
neutral phosphate of magnesia, in order
to precipitate ammoniaco-magnesian
phosphate. In modern language, this
is the intentional production of struvite
from sewage sludge, a practice which is
gaining ground at full-scale in the 21st
century.
LEARNING FROM THE PAST
Interestingly, studying old texts
and archives reveals that much of
what we see today on a wastewater
treatment works is from the 19th
century. Technology and concepts
from that epoch includes: screening;
primary treatment; anaerobic digestion;
exploitation of biogas (initially for
street illumination); dewatering; use of
biosolids for nutritional value; thermal
4 C8H13N2O3 + 14 H2O = 4 N2 + 19 CH4 + 13 CO2 + 2 H2
AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES BIOSOLIDS
drying; nutrient extraction and recovery;
application of activated carbon for odor
abatement.
In fact, the only major process
operation which is not of that period
is that of activated sludge which made
its breakthrough in 1914 in Manchester.
Here it was found that maintaining the
sludge, rather than discarding it as was
done previously could significantly
reduce nitrification times to acceptable
levels. Even so, the importance of
nitrification for wastewater treatment
was discussed in the UK in the 1880s.
However, the issue with having
wastewater treatment plants designed
to meet 19th century drivers based on
concepts of that time is that we live in a
fundamentally changed world needing
to meet different drivers and issues. In
Victorian England, public and waterway
health was paramount; little concern
was given to water conservation, energy
or resource recovery.
The importance of water conservation,
energy and resource recovery is
becoming increasingly apparent. There
is no more fresh water today than there
was 2000 years ago when the population
was 2% of what it is currently. Yet, in
twenty years time, there will be over
a billion additional people inhabiting
the planet, and in Asia, over half the
population will be living in mega-cities.
This increased population will also be
wealthier and consume more and varied
materials. In China, eating habits are
already evolving to a more meat, rather
(Equasion 1)
Modern AD plant
WWINTERNATIONAL.COM 25
TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES BIOSOLIDS
than vegetable centered diet. Meat based
diets need approximately three times
the nutrients and consume many times
the water and energy needs of their
meat-free alternatives for them to be
sustained.
ENERGY RECOVERY
Wastewater treatment plants are
fundamentally intertwined with water,
energy and resources, and therefore
play an important role on a global
scale. Regarding water, on the whole,
wastewater enters a plant, is processed,
and like the 19th century engineers did
before us, is then discarded to the local
waterways.
In times of increasing water scarcity
and drought accelerated by climate
change, there may be instances when
this water could be used, for example
as irrigation water, also practiced in the
19th century with the water decanted
from primary settlement of sewage.
Perversely, in some instances the
water exiting a treatment works is
cleaner than the waterways it is being
transferred to, with detrimental impacts
on the local environment. As far as
energy recovery is concerned, best
For more information, enter 17 at wwi.hotims.com
practice involves installing anaerobic
digestion technology based on the
aforementioned patent from 1900. This
is combined with a pre-treatment add-
on on to ensure approximately 60% of
the inherent energy within the sewage is
captured. This energy is then processed
through combined heat and power
plants where a further 60 70% is lost as
heat, resulting in a recovery of only 10 to
20% of the energy available.
As mentioned previously, anaerobic
digestion was not conceived for energy
recovery or reduction of anthropogenic
carbon footprint, but rather the partial
inactivation of 19th century disease
causing organisms relevant to the time
the biogas produced was therefore a
by-product.
Also, faced with a culture of law
suits surrounding patent infringements
especially in the US, early 20th
century designers became inherently
conservative. Subsequently these
conservative designs became textbook
standards, most of which are still widely
used and hamper further innovation.
Coupled with poor energy recovery,
wastewater treatment plants are
chained to activated sludge processes
Plate press dewatering device from the 1860s. Sludge then
had low volatile solids content, subsequently typical output
was in the range of 50% dry solids and above.
which crave energy. Some nutrients are
recovered within the biosolids produced
from wastewater treatment when it is
beneficially used as a fertiliser. However,
more are systematically destroyed using
activated sludge treatments and their
modern variants, which convert the
nitrogen in the wastewater back to its
gaseous form.
These processes can account for
between half and three quarters of the
entire energy demand of a wastewater
treatment plant. Ironically, at the same
time the activated sludge process
was established, the first full-scale
Haber Bosch plant was commissioned
 TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES BIOSOLIDS

to make 20 tones/year of ammonia

fertiliser. That process works by fixing
gaseous nitrogen from the air and
combining it with hydrogen extracted
from methane at high temperatures
and pressures (500C and 200 250
bar). Not surprisingly, it is a heavy
energy consumer and accounts for
approximately 5% of the globes gas and
up to 2% of the energy consumption.
Regarding the conservation of
water, energy and resources, our
wastewater plants clearly have room
for improvement as they were not
intended to achieve those goals. As
these parameters increase in importance
moving forward, it is clear that the
treatment plants of tomorrow will
need to evolve and adapt to help meet
these needs in a manner which is both
environmentally and, importantly,
financially sustainable.

Dr Bill Barber is technical director within

AECOMs water business line. He will be
giving a keynote presentation on the Future
of sludge treatment at Aqua Enviros 20th
European Biosolids & Organic Resources
During early 1900s there was a growing understanding of AD
Conference and Exhibition at Manchester
Town Hall, UK 10th-11th November 2015.
TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES PUMPS
ENERGY EFFICIENT PUMPS
STRIKE A CHORD IN PARIS
Philharmonie Concert Hall Breaks Ground in
Wastewater Removal
As well as setting a level in
design, the new 390 million
Paris Philharmonie concert hall
had to have a robust drinking
and wastewater system to cope
with flow variations due to mixed
attendance.This article looks at the
implementation of a new energy
efficiency (IE4) Supreme motor in
a pump station, a first in France.
By Bryan Orchard
28 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
aris is a city that is full of iconic
P
landmarks and architectural
masterpieces, but there is always
room for more. The latest architectural
wonder is the Paris Philharmonie
concert hall, located in the Parc de la
Villette on the north east side of the city.
Built at a cost of 390 million, it is not
without its critics, even incurring the
displeasure of its architect Jean Nouvel
who now wishes to be disassociated
with the project as he says that it does
not match his original design.
Situated in the Pantin Garden in an
area now known as the City of Music,
the new concert hall rises to a height of
37m, and is capped by an aluminium
wrap-around screen some 52m high.
Spanning an area of 100m by 330m, the
concert hall features eleven overlapping
levels of different heights, nine floors
and two basements. At the centre of
the building is an auditorium capable
of seating more than 3,200, plus there
are rehearsal suites, changing rooms,
meeting rooms, exhibition spaces,
an educational centre, public areas,
administrative offices, shops catering
facilities and parking.
Inevitably, such a construction
project involved many environmental
challenges, not least of which was
the reliability of the environmental
services, operating comfort and energy
efficiency of the building. Alongside
the considerations of the musicians,
audiences and administration personnel
were the practicalities of producing an
innovative, environmentally responsible
and energy efficient building where
water management, distribution and
maintenance were prime considerations.
To achieve these goals, the services
of Jules CUNIN SA Group (Epinal),
For more information, enter 18 at wwi.hotims.com
TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES PUMPS
To meet French environmental standard HQE the energy consumption of the new building had to be evaluated
were brought in to take responsibility
for delivering the fluid handling
infrastructure, plumbing and security
of water management. To achieve this
they worked closely with international
pumps and valves manufacturer, KSB.
Although rarely discussed,
wastewater handling, water
management and distribution has a
significant impact in a building of this
type. This was especially the case as this
project was part of an environmental
approach in accordance with the French
environmental standard Haute Qualit
Environnementale (HQE). Lead by
the French Normalization Association
AFNOR, this standard evaluates
the energy consumption of the new
building.
In order to provide the concert hall
with the most efficient fluid handling
technologies KSBs remit was to provide
a wastewater/effluent pumping system,
design a suitable distribution system
for drinking quality water and also take
into account the recovery and recycling
of rainwater from the 22,000 m of roof
space for green areas, cleaning and
maintenance.
To meet the challenging requirements
of handling and removing effluent
and wastewater from the concert hall
complex, KSB installed an SRL online
lift station solution tailored to meet
the environmental and operational
requirements.
In addition, a pumping station for
delivering drinking quality water
to all parts of the concert hall was
installed, this aspect involving the
30 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
implementation of the new energy
efficiency (IE4) Supreme motor; this
being a first in France for this motor on
this type of application.
CHALLENGING DESIGN
As with any establishment open to
the public throughout the day, let
alone holding concerts and recitals,
the attendance fluctuates considerably
with very high levels being experienced
when performances are being mounted.
In order to accommodate flow variations
placed on the plumbing and wastewater
removal infrastructure, there was also
the very important matter of aesthetics
of the facilities, odour control, ease
of daily maintenance and system
reliability.
In addition, the Philharmonie de Paris
wanted to enroll in a HQE, a first
which strongly influenced the decisions
taken by Cunin Group and KSB. Five
targets were highlighted in the context
of the HQE: energy, water, cleaning and
maintenance and quiet acoustics.
For water, the project managers
requested: The reduction of water
consumption for facilities including hot
water and cold water in public toilets,
a decrease in water pressure to 2.5 bar
so as to attain large water savings, an
optimised plumbing system design and
the installation of meters.
The management of stormwater
runoff was also requested, with recovery
for watering green spaces, cleaning
and maintenance of floors, facades and
water harvesting. As a result, water
management was a major objective
for the project managers and also for
Cunin and KSB who faced the challenge
of controlling the energy required to
circulate water around the complex.
ONLINE SOLUTION
Given the buildings irregular shape,
featuring overlapping levels, several
hundred water points and some 30
kilometers of pipes, together with
variable usage throughout the day, a
robust solution both for the supply of
water and the evacuation of wastewater
was a prime consideration. Evacuating
wastewater from public toilets, dressing
rooms, offices, rehearsals rooms and
teaching areas, amounting around 500
regularly used fixtures, was the first
consideration.
From the outset of the project, Cunin
Group challenged the initial wastewater
specification, which involved lift vessels
and submersible pumps, due to the
risk of clogging and the build-up of
unpleasant odours in this prestigious
and sensitive location. Having been
awarded the contract a proposal was
submitted by KSB that departed from
a conventional approach. This was the
SRL online pump evacuation lift station
system, where the wastewater does not
stagnate, nor is there potential for the
pumps to become blocked.
The SRL systems had to match the
narrowness and tight dimensions of
the available spaces (and pit traps). The
online lift station is compact because
there is no requirement for the storage
of wastewater and being a modular
solution, it can be passed through
narrow hatches of the pit trap to be
assembled in situ.
The SRL online stations were designed
and constructed by the Engineering
Department of KSB Deville-les-Rouen,
and each of the three stations comprises
two pumps with frequency inverters for
speed control. The principle of the dry
pit proved ideal for this project, with the
closed pumping design eliminating the
possibility of odours and gases escaping
because the effluent being transported
inside the pipe does not stagnate. It
also has the additional benefit that it
removes the need for maintenance
personnel to work with dirty water.
The ability for the Amarex SRL to
deliver on-demand pumping is of major
importance because it accommodates
occupational usage variations in flow
thought the day and year.
For more information, enter 19 at wwi.hotims.com
TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES PUMPS
Attendance peaks during performances mean the water/wastewater system has to deal with varying flows
The Amarex SRL is a dedicated
wastewater pump that is designed
to handle the type of solids-laden
fluids that are discharged from toilets,
kitchens, other facilities within the
Philharmonie complex and rainwater.
The design of the impeller and pump
housing ensure a free flow of solids-
laden liquid from the complex without
the need for liquid storage ahead of the
pumps.
Flow monitors positioned in the
inflow pipes measure the incoming
flow and when a set level is reached the
frequency flow controller activates a
specific pump and the speed at which it
needs to run.
By equipping all the pumps with
frequency flow control, the pump
speed of each pump is matched to the
incoming flow so power consumption
is optimised and greatly reduced.
Electronic monitoring also alerts
maintenance personnel to the possibility
of solids build-up.
Apart from the attendance peaks
when all wastewater facilities are
heavily loaded, the varying throughput
of visitors throughout the day makes
for irregular usage, and therefore peaks
and troughs in the concentration of solid
matter, give even more weight to the
online solution. The delivered pump
reduces the risk of clogging to almost
zero.
At the centre of the installation is a
vortex impeller that leaves a large free
passage of 76 mm. Another consequence
is the longevity of the system because
it operates in a dry environment; the
effluent is less aggressive reducing wear
and the well dimensioned stainless
steel pipes and smooth profile provider
32 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
further guarantee of the sustainability of
the facility.
PRESSURE BOOSTING FIRST
The installation of the Supreme motor-
driven booster pumps for drinking
quality water was a first in France.
As a synchronous reluctance motor, it
offers high levels of energy efficiency
and enables pumps to be run at varying
speeds to meet the demand on the
pumps. This makes the synchronous
reluctance motor far more energy
efficient than an asynchronous
motor. For the Philharmonie de Paris,
where water consumption can vary
dramatically, having pumps that reflect
demand, and therefore use far less
energy, is of immense importance in its
quest for HQE qualification.
Pressure boosting pumps were
identified back in 2008 as being
critical to the daily operation of the
Philharmonie de Paris, because of the
design and number of overlapping
levels in the building. Without such
pumps, it would be difficult to deliver
water to all 500 outlets at a constant
pressure.
Following recommendations made
in 2008, the initial order for booster
pumps was awarded to KSB, specifying
the booster Surpresschrom classic
comprising four pumps with standard
IE2motors.
However, in 2009 KSB developed a
prototype energy-efficient synchronous
reluctance motor, the Supreme. After
entering full-scale production in 2012,
KSB presented its new IE4 motor to
Cunin Group. The result was that Cunin
Group asked KSB to submit a fresh
proposal based on detailed calculations
and data provided. So convinced were
Cunin Group that this solution would be
exactly in line with the objective of HQE
qualification for Philharmonie de Paris
that the new proposal was accepted,
making it the first application for the IE4
motor in France.
A total of three Surpresschrom
pumpsets equipped with Movitec
pumps have been installed, with one
featuring the new Supreme motor. One
set is dedicated to the fire protection
sprinkler system, one for the normal
fire system and a third, containing four
pumps each fitted with the Supreme
motor, for sanitary standard water.
Together these pumpsets give the
Philharmonie the optimum solution for
its goal of meeting the international IEC
standard.
The Supreme engine meets the IEC
standard due to the result of a change in
motor technology, which combined with
the performance of frequency variation
systems, make it a class IE4 motor.
It is characterised by high efficiency
at partial load, making it the ideal
solution for public buildings such as the
Philharmonie. Its savings compared to
an equivalent asynchronous motor
range from 10 to 50%.
Using the load profiles at the
Philharmonie, the annual energy
consumption savings that are achievable
are an impressive to 20%. In addition,
its manufacture does not involve the use
of rare earth materials, making it is less
polluting.
SUMMARY
The Philharmonie de Paris has set a
new level in the design and provision
of world standard cultural facilities
with its dedication to acoustics and
accommodation for artists, audiences
and employees. It has also raised the
bar in its objective of meeting the
highest levels of energy efficiency and
environmental responsibilities.
The installation of three KSB
SRL online lift stations and three
Surpresschrom energy efficient
water system booster pumps for
environmental and fire protection duties
have made a major contribution towards
the achievement of its goal.
Bryan Orchard heads up Bryan Orchard
PR Communications and representatives KSB
AG. For more information on the article,
email: bryan@bryanorchardpr.co.uk
 Visit us at:

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STORMWATER MANAGEMENT

STORMWATER
FILTRATION
HELPS AIRPORT EXPANSION
CLEAR FOR TAKE-OFF

Car Lot overland flow,

Dane County Regional Airport

34 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015

 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT

The Dane County Regional Airport in Wisconsin,

US had to increase its stormwater capacity
to meet requirements of treating 40% of total
suspended solids.This article looks at why a final
filtration solution was chosen as part of small
retention pond.
By Natasha Wiseman

irports are often a big contributor to stormwater STANDING IN PERFORMANCE

A loading due to extensive roofed buildings and
other impervious surfaces including the runway,
taxiways, apron, access roads and parking lots. The
stormwater runoff may be polluted with hydrocarbons Electric actuators for the water industry
from fuel, de-icer residues, suspended sediments,
Reliable, powerful, efcient. AUMA offer a
particulate and dissolved metals and wind-blown trash.
While many airports were built before environmental large portfolio of actuator and gearbox
regulation required them to conform to stormwater type ranges.
quantity and quality standards, any facilities undergoing
expansions or new construction must comply. Automating all types of industrial valves
Airports are usually constructed on flat ground Integration into all commonly used
either on a plain, or on a valley floor. The topography
therefore puts flow restrictions on the drainage, because control systems
achieving sufficient head for efficient water flow over High corrosion protection
long distances requires careful design and planning. Flat
topography also favours temporary standing water; all Service worldwide
things considered, airport drainage is a complex subject.

NO COMPROMISE ON SAFETY
Another factor that must be considered is aircraft safety.
In addition to reducing the standing water hazard on
runways, airports spend time and money to minimise
hazards from bird strikes on aircraft by reducing
attractions for birds.
Temporary or permanent surface water pools that
could attract water fowl to the vicinity of an airport are
considered dangerous. Along migration routes such as
the Mid-West corridor, where large waterfowl move in
huge seasonal numbers, extra care must be taken.
Discover our
Conventional land-based methods of managing
solutions for
airport runoff, such as temporary ponds and wetlands,
the water industry
therefore run counter to Federal Aviation Authority
(FAA) guidelines, which do not allow ponds that retain www.auma.com
water for longer than 48 hours.
For more information, enter 21 at wwi.hotims.com

AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM 35

STORMWATER MANAGEMENT

manufactured treatment devices (MTDs)

were considered to be the most practical
type of structural BMP.

The pre-existing stormwater pond discharges into Starkweather Creek
AIRPORT EXPANSION
This was the situation facing Dane
County Regional Airport, in Wisconsin,
which is a joint civil-military
commercial airport serving the Madison
area in south-central Wisconsin.
It is the second largest airport in the
state, with more than 100 daily flights
and more than 1.6 million passengers
passing through each year. In recent
years, the airport has undertaken a
series of construction projects, adding
new runways, parking facilities, airport
ramps and office space.
One of these projects involved
rebuilding an access road around the
airport and resurfacing 5.3 acres of
parking lots. To meet State stormwater
regulations for this development, airport
officials were required to increase the
capacity of their existing stormwater
treatment system, which included a
small retention pond.
A traditional solution to increasing the
airports stormwater treatment capacity
might include expanding the size of the
existing pond. However, the location
of the pond in relation to the runways
could have created a problem by
attracting large water birds that posed a
danger to aircraft.
in runoff from the new and redeveloped
impervious surfaces, without creating
any standing water.
At the same time, Dane County
airport officials would not expand the
existing stormwater pond even though
it was designed to stay dry except
during heavy rain events because of
FAA guidelines.
Additionally, there was limited space
and existing drainage infrastructure
that could not be abandoned. After
evaluating various conventional BMPs
based on land take and retrofitability,
EXISTING DRAINAGE
Project team members from the airport
and GRAEF, Inc., its consulting engineer
on the project, reviewed several
manufactured filtration systems before
choosing the Up-Flo Filter from
Hydro International. The Wisconsin
DNR requires treatment options to
be modeled in WinSLAMM, a Source
Loading and Management software
program developed by PV & Associates.
Using real rainfall data from Madison
Airport, WinSLAMM was used to
generate probability distributions of
flows that were expected from the 5.3
acre site. Planned for release late in 2014
version 10.2 of WinSLAMM will have
the Up-Flo filter coded in as a standard
BMP option and will allow engineers to
size the filter according to the treatment
goals.
Performance data from filter field
testing was applied to the WinSLAMM
outputs to determine the size required
to comply with the DNRs goal of 40%
TSS reduction.
The filtration system removes
trash, sediment, nutrients, metals and
hydrocarbons from stormwater runoff.
In terms of maintenance, confined
space-trained personnel with a standard
vactor truck can clean the sump and

BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICE

The airport needed a structural Best
Management Practice (BMP) that
could meet the Wisconsin Department
of Natural Resources (DNR)
redevelopment requirement of treating
40% of the Total Suspended Solids (TSS) All things considered, airport drainage is a complex subject. Attractions for birds need to be reduced for aircraft safety

36 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015


change the filter bags in less than an
hour. No cranes or heavy lift equipment
are required to remove or install the
bags.
LOW HEAD, HIGH EFFICIENCY
GRAEF initially chose the Filter based
on cost per filtered flow rate. It was soon
realised that the filtration product could
operate with a 9-inch drop between inlet
and outlet and filter more than 100 gpm
with only 20 inches of driving head, on
an overall water elevation difference of
about 2.5 feet.
The pre-existing stormwater pond
discharges into Starkweather Creek,
which feeds into Lake Monona near
downtown Madison. To minimise
construction costs and fully take
advantage of the filter units intended use
for source control, GRAEF construction
engineer Ed Premo placed it upstream
of the existing pond. In this position
it intercepts the majority of the most
frequently occurring runoff.
The pond and adjacent storm sewer
emptying in Starkweather Creek are
Up-Flo filter during maintenance. Several manufactured filtration systems were reviewed
by consulting engineer GRAEF before deciding on this option from Hydro International
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STORMWATER MANAGEMENT
free of sediment, and to this date the
maintenance has been very minimal, Ed
Premo, construction engineer at GRAEF.
The device chosen was the most
economical option and solved an issue
that the Wisconsin DNR had with the
additional parking areas the airport
had planned for the desired growth of
business. The pond and adjacent storm
sewer emptying in Starkweather Creek
are free of sediment, and to this date the
maintenance has been very minimal.
An existing catch basin was modified
to divert over 50% of the annual runoff
to the filter prior to overflowing into the
pond. The pond was used for detention
and treatment of the more infrequent
overflows essentially providing a
polishing stage.
This kept the majority of the pollutant
load in the filter and significantly
reduced the maintenance needs of the
pond.
Natasha Wiseman represents Sharon
Lindsay PR. For more information on this
project, email: Sharon@sharonlindsaypr.co.uk



 
 and much more...

ube:
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AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM 37

DESALINATION MEMBRANE ANALYSIS
CANARY ISLANDS
TESTING GROUND FOR RO REVAMP
After 11 years in operation, a
reverse osmosis (RO) desalination
plant in the Canary Islands needed
a refurbishment to increase
capacity, reduce energy and
maintain the quality of drinking
water produced. This article looks
at the analysis of the selected RO
membranes and the resulting
energy saving after installation.
By Blanca Salgado, Juan Manuel Ortega,
Jasna Blazheska, Joan Sanz and Vernica
Garca-Molina
38 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
S
eawater desalination by means of
Reverse Osmosis (RO) membranes
has always been challenged
by its association with high energy
consumption values. In order to reduce
the cost of water production and
maximise the efficiency of desalination
by reverse osmosis, membrane
manufacturers have been researching to
reach higher permeability, especially for
seawater applications, where operating
pressures and the resulting energy
consumption are critical factors.
The Canary Islands Seawater Reverse
Osmosis Desalination plant was
designed and built by Veolia Water
Systems Ibrica, back in 2003. The plant
includes a beach well, followed by a pre-
treatment consisting of pressurised dual
media sand filter and a cartridge filter
5m. It was originally equipped with
a high pressure pump with variable
frequency drive and Pelton turbine as
energy recovery device.
With a configuration of four pressure
vessels, each of them with seven
elements per vessel, the plant was
originally equipped with Dow Filmtec
SW30HR-380 elements. The original
production capacity was 400 m3/day of
permeate water and, since a different
energy recovery device was installed,
the average specific energy consumption
recorded was 4.9 kWh/m3 of permeate
water (whole installation including pre-
treatment).
The permeate water produced is
used for drinking water purposes and
to comply with the local regulations,
the permeate water Boron levels were
below 1 ppm. Concerning the TDS (Total
Dissolved Solids), the values registered
were below 400 ppm.
After 11 years in operation, in 2014
the plant was requiring a revamp. Once
again, Veolia Water Systems Ibrica was
responsible to upgrade the installation.
This upgrade included the substitution
of the existing high pressure pump and
existing energy recovery device, the
installation of a different energy recovery
system, together with the loading of a
new set of seawater RO elements.
The revamping of the installation had
three objectives: increasing the capacity
of the unit, reducing the specific
energy consumption requirement, and
maintaining the quality of the permeate
water produced. Through its delegation
in the Canary Islands, the Technical
Direction of Veolia Water Systems
Ibrica, together with Dow Water and
Process Solutions technical service,
evaluated alternatives with regards to
the change of seawater RO elements.
The configuration selected for the
RO membranes, included a hybrid
combining two types of elements: Dow

Filmtec SW30XHR-440i were installed
in the first three front positions of the
pressure vessel, while Dow Filmtec
Seamaxx elements were installed in the
four rear positions.
The aim of the new configuration,
during the project planning and
execution, was to offer a design able
to comply with the local regulations in
terms of permeate water quality, while
ensuring increased capacity and reducing
the specific energy consumption. The
design calculations were performed with
Dow Filmtecs Reverse Osmosis System
Analysis ROSA software. Besides the
change of RO elements, the high pressure
pump with frequency converter and
Pelton turbine was replaced by a new
generation exchange pressure system
I-SAVE 40 with a high pressure pump
APP-24, both from Danfoss.
For the follow-up of operational
parameters of the unit, besides the
control by PLC, corresponding HMI and
associated instruments (conductivity,
pressure, flowrate and differential
pressure), Veolia Water Systems Iberica
installed as well a Data-Logger from
Jumo, with software PAC-3000.
This Data-Logger registers and stores
the most representative data for the
follow-up and control of the plant:
feed and permeate flowrates, permeate
conductivity, feed and concentrate
pressure, and total specific energy
consumption (including pre-treatment).
Also, the following information is
recorded manually, with appropriate
frequency: raw water temperature and
conductivity both in the raw water
stream to the plant and the feed to RO
elements (so the percentage of mixing in
the energy recovery device is monitored),
and the individual energy consumption
associated to low pressure pump, high
pressure pump and energy recovery
device.
OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE
EVALUATION OF RO ELEMENTS
The revamping work was performed
and finished in the beginning of 2013.
The new set of RO elements, including
Seamaxx was installed and put in
operation in May 2013.
The performance of the desalination
plant will be compared, with the
performance of the previous elements,
and also to Dow Filmtecs Reverse
Osmosis System Analysis ROSA
For more information, enter 24 at wwi.hotims.com
AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
DESALINATION MEMBRANE ANALYSIS
simulation software and DOW FT-
NORM normalisation tool.
The performance of the RO membrane
system is recorded continuously, and
frequently normalised by means of
FTNORM. Data of the first days of
operation once the system was stabilised
have been taken as reference values for
normalisation.
The new configuration including
Seamaxx elements, despite the increase
in production capacity to 550 m3/day
of permeate water, provides average
specific energy consumption values
of 2.1 kWh/m3 of permeate water
(including pretreatment and RO
section). The quality of the permeate
water produced is still compliant with
the local drinking water regulations.
PLANT PERFORMANCE VS ROSA
Besides the follow-up of the operational
parameters by the means of FT-
NORM, the plant follow-up has as
well been done by comparing its actual
performance with operation projections
(using Reverse Osmosis System
Analysis ROSA software from Dow).
The evaluation of operational pressure
and observed permeate quality is
WWINTERNATIONAL.COM 39
DESALINATION MEMBRANE ANALYSIS

for the permeate water quality and the

Canary Islands SWRO Desalination Unit.Typical view of DATA-LOGGER register of operational data and graphic representation.
performed through the calculation of
average equivalent ROSA Flow Factor
(FF). This is as well as the comparison of
permeate water quality as per expected
through ROSA and TDS/Boron content
in permeate samples, taken and
evaluated both Tarragonas Dow Water
& Process Solutions R&D Lab and in
external certified laboratories.
The evaluation of the observed
operating pressure when compared
to ROSA Flow Factor calculation
leads to equivalent values of 1.12 to
0.96 since start-up. The ROSA Flow
Factor is understood to reflect multiple
phenomena such as slight changes in
membrane permeability during service
life as well as the impact of fouling.
Note no chemical cleaning (CIP) has
been performed since the start-up of the
unit in May 2013.
The comparison of ROSA simulations
values measured from the samples taken
in different moments of the operation of
the unit since start-up show very similar
values both in terms of TDS and Boron.
The quantification of the deviation
(measured value vs value obtained
from the simulation) is leading steady
calculated deviation, in the ranges of 3%
to 12%.
All the activities performed for the
revamp of the plant, including, but not
limited to the replacement of eleven
year old Dow FILMTEC elements by an
Internally Staged Design (ISD) including
Seamaxx have led to a decrease in
specific energy consumption from 4.9
kWh/m3 to 2.1 kWh/m3. This included
an increase in the production flow rate
of 150 m3/day.
Blanca Salgado and Vernica Garca-
Molina are from Dow Water & Process
Solutions, Spain, Juan Manuel Ortega and
Joan Sanz are from Veolia Water Solutions
and Technologies and Jasna Blazheska
is from Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Escola
Tcnica Superior dEnginyeria Qumica,
Tarragona, Spain.

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Phone: +81-3-3245-4540 Fax: +81-3-3245-4913 Phone: +41-61-415-8710 Fax: +41-61-415-8720 Phone: +86-10-8048-5216 Fax: +86-10-8048-5217
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TORAY MEMBRANE USA, INC. TORAY MEMBRANE EUROPE (MIDDLE EAST BRANCH) TORAY ASIA PTE. LTD.
Phone: +1-858-218-2360 Fax: +1-858-218-2380 Phone: +971-4-392-8811 Fax: +971-4-395-8639 Phone: +65-6226-0525 Fax: +65-6226-0509

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40 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015


AUTONOMOUS
REED BED
INSTALLATIONS
Understanding Challenging Clogging
Constructed wetlands have gained
popularity to treat industrial and
municipal wastewater. Although
these can be operated for 10 years
without human intervention,
eventually they can become
clogged. A 1.1 EU funded two-
year project set out to address
how autonomous reed bed
installations (ARBI) can help lead
to a reduction in clogging rate.
By Theodore Hughes-Riley
TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES R&D - REED BED TREATMENT
C
onstructed wetlands have
received increasing levels of
interest in recent years as a
clean, cost-effective and environmentally
friendly form of treatment for both
domestic and industrial wastewater.
A normal constructed wetland,
sometimes known as a reed bed, is
typically comprised of a gravel bed
through which wastewater flows
facilitating its treatment.
The interstitial spaces between the
gravel particles form a network of
connected channels through which the
effluent flows. Over time, microorganisms
AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
Constructed wetlands are growing in
popularity for the treatment of industrial
and municipal wastewater.
start to grow on the surface of gravel
stones forming microbial biofilms. These
are responsible for removing pollutants
from the wastewater as it passes over
them, with chemical processes and
physical filtration also playing a role in
eliminating contaminants.
Many such wetlands will often also
include aquatic plants such as the
common reed (Phragmites Australis) or
yellow flag Iris (Iris Pseudacorus). These
assist the process through insulation,
nutrient recycling, solids knockdown
and stimulation of a broader microbial
diversity within the bed.
WWINTERNATIONAL.COM 41
TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES R&D - REED BED TREATMENT

HUMAN INTERVENTION
A common feature added to commercial
wetlands is aeration which increases the
oxygen-transfer within the beds, and
therefore treatment performance as the
prime mechanism of action is aerobic
microbial degradation.
Furthermore, the heating of wetlands
can prevent certain microorganisms
becoming dormant in the winter
months, further improving the beds
operability in all seasons.
Wetlands have been seen to operate
without human intervention for
around 10 years before the microbial
biofilms and particulates significantly
occlude the interstitial spaces in the
aggregate and severely retard water
flow. Eventually these voids become
so occluded, or clogged, that the bed
will experience bypass or surface flow,
leading ultimately to untreated water
reaching the water course.
As a result, maintenance of beds in
this state must be carried out, which is
both time consuming and costly. One
method currently used to reduce the
effects of clogging is step-feeding. As
biofilm growth is most pronounced
at the location where the bed is fed
with influent, to prevent prohibitive
clogging in this part of the bed the
feeding location is moved. This will to
some extent also happen naturally as
the clogged areas see bypass flow to
neighbouring areas of the bed.
Clogging levels are typically
determined using tracer dyes, where
a dye will be put into the bed in one
location and then monitored further
down in the fluid stream. However, this
is a time consuming process and can
take a number of days to carry out.
Recent advances have allowed for
the clog state to be determined in real
time using a magnetic resonance sensor.
Magnetic resonance is best known in
everyday life for medical Magnetic
Resonance Imaging (MRI). Unlike such
systems however, the probes used for
such measurements are very small and
inexpensive, becoming economical to be
buried in the gravel bed permanently.
REDUCING THE CLOGGING RATE
The autonomous reed bed installation
(ARBI) project is an EU FP7 initiative to
develop an optimised water treatment
system with a focus on the reduction
of clogging rate. The aim is to allow
the beds to operate without human
intervention for longer than would
normally be possible. The consortium
comprises five companies and two
universities from four different
European nations.
The autonomous reed bed installation
project began in September 2013, with
1.1 million of funding to run the
two year research and development
project. Now nearing the projects end,
the prototype ARBI modules are now
well into the testing phase, where the
water treatment capabilities of the
autonomously controlled bed are being
compared to the those of a conventional
bed with no aeration, heating, or step
feeding, and that of a bed with constant
forced aeration.
These tests are being carried out
on both municipal and industrial
wastewater. Each ARBI module is a
completely self-contained unit with
an advanced network of embedded
sensors to control a variety of
factors. An aeration system has been
included to ensure that the optimal

When it comes to Our Environment,

only the highest standards are good enough for us.
This is why we build our HOBAS CSO Chambers of
high-performance GRP pipes and with regard to the The diagram above is a representation of the components that make up an autonomous reed
bed installation (ARBI) module.

  




demands, we provide a valuable solution
for you and your surroundings. It is

Our Responsibility.
Let us make it


t.

www.hobas.com This chart shows the reduction in COD for an aerated and a non-aerated bed, with the
influent COD concentration shown for comparison. Five different oxygen set-points were used,
where 0.5 ppm was the lowest seen to significantly improve the treatment efficiency.
For more information, enter 26 at wwi.hotims.com

42 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015


dissolved oxygen concentration for
microorganism health is achieved.
This is controlled by a dissolved
oxygen sensor, so that the aeration is
only activated when necessary, saving
power. An autonomously controlled
heating element is used to maintain a
temperature above a threshold allowing
for a consistent level of water treatment
all year round in any temperate climate.
Finally, MR sensors are used to signal
a change in the feeding location on the
bed depending on the distribution of
clogging and inform the end user once
the bed has become critically clogged.
BUBBLE SIZE
The fact that the prototype testing stage
has been reached shows that one of the
major project aims, to fully develop a
modular constructed wetland system,
has been achieved.
A lot of the efforts of the project have
gone into developing the ideal design for
these modules and as a consequence the
optimal operational parameters had to be
investigated. One area that was a focus of
research activities, was determining the
preferential parameters for the aeration
system, this included details such as the
correct bubble size for uniform distribution
across the bed and critically the level
of the dissolved oxygen within the bed
that would yield the best contaminant
removal. While additional improvements
are seen at higher levels of aeration, these
are not sufficiently beneficial to warrant
the additional power required. Another
key goal of the project was to contribute to
addressing the gap between research and
innovation on eco-technologies applied to
wastewater treatment.
Additionally, a core area of the research
was to investigate the capabilities of
magnetic resonance to detect the clogging
level within the constructed wetlands. This
was as well subsequently developing a
field deployable probe intended for long
term embedding into wetlands.
While various types of MR probe
were investigated in this project, the
final MR probe was prepared using
permanent Neodymium magnets in a
fully waterproofed housing, suitable for
long-term embedding into gravel beds.
The clogging probes collect information
about the sample using MR relaxation
measurements which tell us about the
environment of water molecules and
therefore tell us about the extent of
clogging.
TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES R&D - REED BED TREATMENT
UNDERSTANDING THE CLOGGING
M I C R O F I LT R AT I O N
PROCESS
Of the two main relaxation parameters, U LT R A F I LT R AT I O N
T1 has been shown to be sensitive
to clog state and its potential for NANOFILTRATION
Smarter solutions!
determining the relative proportions of
free water, biofilms and other suspended
Chicago, 26 30 September 2015
solids in the sample was investigated in Please visit us at booth 142
this project. Amsterdam,
03 06 November 2015
In particular, a bulk measurement Please visit us in
Hall 3 booth 03.330
that does not separate out the different
components can give a good indication
of how clogged the wetland is and
would prove adequate for controlling
the step feeding system.
As shown in the diagram of the ARBI
module, the probes are deployed at
different locations and depths within the
bed to provide the control system with
as complete a picture of the locations of
clogging as possible. Not only will this
allow the ARBI system to make informed
decisions about the step feeding location
but the development of this clog state
sensing technology may lead to a better
understanding of the clogging process
within wetlands.
Ultimately, ARBI provides a number of
advantages over conventional wetlands.
When a regular bed clogs, the site must
go offline while the beds are replaced
and refurbished. ARBIs modular nature
means that the unit can be collected
and replaced more rapidly than the
alternatives. This also allows for a quick
and simple initial installation as the
beds will be stored seeded and ready to
function from the point of connection.
The use of aeration and heating allow
AQUADYN
for a superior treatment efficiency, which Ultrafiltration Modules
means that the ARBI modules can be Smarter solutions for water treatment
smaller than a non-aerated bed. Finally hydrophilic low fouling membrane material
the inclusion of the clog sensors and double asymmetric hollow ber membranes
autonomous step-feeding will mean effective retention of particles and bacteria
that ARBI will have a longer operational high and stable permeate performance
lifetime between refurbishments, exible ushing modes
compensating for the limited operational easy pre-treatment
lifetimes of conventional wetland high productivity
installations. compact installation
high ow rates at low pressure utilization
Theodore Hughes-Riley is a research
fellow at Nottingham Trent University.
Contributing authors include: Patrick Hawes,
Enrica Uggetti, Lauren Mowberry, Christophe
L. Trabi, Dario Ortega Anderez, Elizabeth R.
Dye, Fraser Hill-Casey, J. Beau W. Webber, MICRODYN-NADIR GmbH
Jaume Puigagut, Joan Garca, Michael I. Kasteler Strae 45
65203 Wiesbaden / Germany
Newton, Robert H. Morris. For further Phone + 49 611 962 6001
information on the ARBI modules and for the info@microdyn-nadir.de
latest updates, please see the project website W W W. M I C R O D Y N - N A D I R . C O M
at http://arbi-eu.com
For more information, enter 27 at wwi.hotims.com
AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM 43
TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES FLOW LEVEL MEASUREMENT

OPTIMISING
WATER
OPERATIONS
IN MANILA, PHILIPPINES
anila Water is one of many water

Insufficient pressure caused by high flow during peak demand
can lead to customer complaints. Boosting pressure to
address these issues can have a significant negative impact
on leakage levels, burst frequency and energy consumption.
Manila Water in the Philippines chose a solution that helped
to not only save 580 m3/day but saved operator time.
By Andrew Burrows
M
utilities that has started using
new smart network management
technologies to understand pressure flow
relationships and optimise the pressure of
water in their distribution networks. This
is helping to improve customer service,
achieve environmental savings and improve
the resilience of its network.
The utility provides water and
wastewater services to more than 6.2
million people in the East Zone of the
Philippines capital city. The area comprises
one million households, served by more
than 800,000 water service connections.
Since its formation in 1997, Manila Water
has spent more than USD$85 million on

44 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015


infrastructure improvements, which
have increased water availability and
improved the service levels to customers
across the city.
CHALLENGE
Manila Water wanted to improve
pressure control across its network
to significantly reduce energy use,
minimise leakage and reduce the need
for manual intervention.
The region covered by Manila Waters
network includes areas of high demand,
which have required pumps to keep
water pressure high to compensate for
pressure losses. The company operates
26 pumping stations to supply water
to its customers and to feed storage
facilities.
Pumping all of this water requires
a significant amount of energy which,
combined with some of the most
expensive power rates in Asia, mean
that pumping costs are one of the
companys biggest operating expenses.
As a result, Manila Water was keen
to find a way to improve efficiency,
reduce its energy use, optimise pressure
across the network, reduce volumes
of non-revenue water and improve
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Harnessing the power of microbubbles
Our revolutionary approach to
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cleaning frequency.
Less fouling = less energy.
For more information contact
marmstrong@genesysro.com
Genesys International | Tel: +44 (0)1606 837 605
TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES FLOW LEVEL MEASUREMENT
customer service levels. N. Domingo
Pump Station supplies a wide range of
domestic and commercial customers,
including hospitals, hotels, schools and
colleges.
As a result, the area has very high
and very variable demand for water,
with flows ranging from 40 litre/second
(l/s) at night, up to 175 l/s during
peak demand. Pressure variations were
leading to excessive wear and tear on
the network, resulting in bursts and
high water loss. As well as high levels
of leakage, the area was failing to meet
its agreed customer service levels for
pressure on a daily basis.
N. Domingo Pump Station has a
54,000 m3/day MLD capacity with
three 100 HP pumps, one fitted with
a variable speed drive (VSD) and two
with fixed speed drives. However, the
pumps require manual intervention via
SCADA interface to manage pressure
and demand.
SOLUTION
We decided to pilot i2Os Pump
Pressure Optimisation solution in the
N. Domingo Pump Station, one of our
newly rehabilitated pump stations,
| www.genesysro.com
For more information, enter 28 at wwi.hotims.com
says Jalil B. Madueo, manager of
production planning and control at
Manila Water.
The i2O Pump Pressure Optimisation
solution was installed at the N.
Domingo Pump Station. The pump
controller was housed in the
programmable logic controller cabinet,
and a pressure sensor was installed at
the critical point in the network. Service
levels had been set to a minimum of
18m and a maximum of 25m.
Prior to the installation of the system,
pressure at the critical point was
variable, dropping below the minimum
of 18m for 12% of the time, and further
dropping to 15m during peak periods.
In contrast, for eight hours a day
pressure was typically 5m too high.
The pump solution was configured
to automatically control the VSD
pump, and to switch the two fixed
speed pumps on and off as required,
to ensure customer service levels were
consistently achieved without creating
excess pressure in the network.
A primary requirement for the
technology was that it could manage
the complex pump set-up without
compromising customer service. To
YEARS
Genesys -
Developing
Technology to
Improve your
Operation
TECHNOLOGY CASE STUDIES FLOW LEVEL MEASUREMENT

ensure the system operated smoothly, 24
hours a day, the i2O solution was fully
integrated with the existing SCADA
system, with real-time alarms to notify
the plant manager of any issues.
AUTOMATIC OPTIMISATION
Continuous, automatic optimisation
delivers a stable target pressure to the
customer, driving out excess pressure
from pressure managed zones.
Minimising average and maximum
pressures reduces leakage and burst
frequency, and associated costs for
operational tasks, such as repairs and
leakage control. In pump-fed network
zones, the automatic optimisation of
pressure also directly reduces energy
consumption.
Lowering pressures and calming
pressure fluctuations also extends
the lifetime of mains and service
connections. The precise control of
pressure delivers a consistent service
level to the customer, further enhanced
by the automatic re-adjustment of
pressures in response to network events
or changes in demand characteristics.
As well as Automatic Optimisation of
both PRVs and pumps, these solutions
also provide network visibility and
intelligence, and remote control of PRVs
and pumps to improve operational
efficiency and customer satisfaction.
RESULTS
By pumping at lower pressures and
with less water pumped into leaks,
the N. Domingo Pumping Station now
uses significantly less energy, which in
turn lowers the companys operational
costs. Energy use has been reduced
by 283kWh per day, which equates to
annual savings of 12,866 (827,000 PhP)
for this one pump station.
Weekday leakage has been reduced by
14% and weekend leakage by 22%. This
equates to an average of 580,000 litres
per day, with an average overall saving
of 18%. This has reduced costs by 7,200
(480K PhP) per annum. Burst rates
have also been reduced due to lower
maximum pressures and smoother
control of pressure.
The company now achieves its daily
customer service levels for pressure
99.8% of the time, compared to just
88% of the time before the system was
installed. The total combined savings
resulting from lower leakage levels and
lower energy consumption are 20,066
(1.3 million PhP) per annum.
Manila Water says that using the
technology, the utility has unlocked
around 30% of its operators time.
As a result, they are able to spend
more time on strategic issues, such
as maintenance, checking stocks and
planning, says Madueo. The fact
that we can access and view the system
24 hours a day means we can react
faster and improve our response time,
which in turn is further increasing our
customer service levels.
He adds: With wider deployment,
we estimate that it could extend the life
of our infrastructure by around five to
ten years. This will not only help us
safeguard our assets, but also lower
capital expenditure over the longer
term.
Manila Water has now identified
another eight pump stations as
potential sites for the systems, which
the company expects to deploy in the
coming months.
Andrew Burrows is a director and
founding member of the Smart Networks
Forum and founded i2O Water in 2005.

The worlds leading trade event

for process, drinking and waste water

AMSTERDAM NL

EXHIBITION 3 - 6 NOVEMBER 2015

THE PLACE TO BE FOR PIONEERS IN THE WATER INDUSTRY
See high-tech companies, innovative technologies Meet market leaders and innovators
and trends Part of the Amsterdam International
Programme on industrial water use, storm water Water Week
and smart water networks
Register now for your free entry on aquatechtrade.com!

Part of Organised by Supported by

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46 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015

 INTERNATIONAL SHOW PREVIEW AQUATECH AMSTERDAM

COCA-COLAS
GLOBAL WATER
CHALLENGE
Aiming to be water neutral by 2020, Coca-Cola has set the challenge to use less than a litre of water in
the manufacturing of a litre of its products. Ahead of Aquatech Amsterdam, which is increasingly looking
at industrial water, this article looks at how one of the worlds largest beverage companies is improving its
logistics to become a more efficient user of water.
By Greg Koch

t Coca-Cola weve been paying

A
close attention to global water
challenges for some time. Were
a global beverage company that relies on
water for our finished beverages, their
production and to grow key agricultural
ingredients. Every day in more than 200
countries and territories, were working
to improve our water efficiency, manage
wastewater and stormwater discharges,
mitigate water-related risks, and
replenish the water we use.
Since we make our products where we
sell them, we have a business imperative
to work to ensure the sustainability
of local water sources everywhere we
operate. So, while we strive to improve
our internal business efficiencies, we
recognise thats not enough.
Our water stewardship program
focuses exactly on such responsible
behavior for all of the Coca-Cola
businesses globally. The program sets
plans and goals in place for everything
from source water assessment and
protection plans to water efficiency
improvements and returning the water
we use to communities and nature
through treated wastewater and
replenishment projects. We have also
expanded our water stewardship efforts
beyond our business to our suppliers
through guidelines set to sustainably
source our key agricultural ingredients
in our Sustainable Agriculture Guiding
Principles.
REPLENISHING WATER
In 2007, we set an aspirational goal to
be water neutral or water balanced
by 2020. Meaning, we would return
the equivalent amount of water we
used in our beverages and their
production each year by 2020. At the
time, that goal seemed ambitious and
potentially unattainable as we expected
our business to grow and thus, our
water use would also grow. Today,
were proud to say that were on track
to meet that goal, and possibly even
meet it early, all while our business has
grown. Weve done so by improving
our water efficiency (less water per liter
of product produced) by more than
24% since 2004 and through increasing
our focus on wastewater treatment and
replenishment projects.
Our replenish strategy is two-
fold: Firstly, return to nature and
communities the water in our beverages
through water projects outside our
manufacturing plant boundaries,
and secondly, return the water we
use to make our beverages back to a
community after weve fully treated it.
TREATED WASTEWATER
The majority of the water we source to
make our beverages is from established
municipal systems or from other sources
like rivers, reservoirs, wells, aquifers,
etc each governed by local authorities
and stringent, internal requirements.
The water that does not go into our
beverages but is instead used in our
manufacturing process (approximately
1.03 liters per liter of product produced
in 2014) is treated to our comprehensive
global quality standards and then
returned to nature and municipalities.
We set an industry wide goal to
require all of our plants to implement
strict standards to treat and return the
water we use in our manufacturing
process back to nature at a level that
supports aquatic life, even when
not required or requested by local
governments and communities.
In many cases, this goal drove our
bottling plants to adopt processes

AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM 47

INTERNATIONAL SHOW PREVIEW AQUATECH AMSTERDAM
and technology for comprehensive
wastewater treatment within our
facilities a sizeable commitment and
investment of approximately $1 billion
across our system.
This intense focus has moved
wastewater treatment from a goal
to a standard operating requirement
adopted by the Coca-Cola system. To
date, all of our company-owned plants
are compliant with our wastewater
treatment standards and either fully
treat wastewater on site or use a
municipal or government-approved
wastewater treatment plant with
secondary treatment.
All but one of our plants in the Coca-
Cola system are compliant with, or in
the process of adopting, our standards.
This is a huge win for our system and
for the environment with almost 126.7
billion liters of water being fully treated
and returned directly from our bottling
plants, all over the world.
REPLENISHMENT PROJECTS
Replenish aims to return the water used
in our finished beverages back to nature
and communities through the support of
healthy watersheds and locally focused
community water projects. The projects
we engage in typically center on safe
water access and sanitation, watershed
protection, water for productive use, and
education on and awareness-raising of
water issues, including engagement on
policy.
Replenish projects are often identified
and implemented through source
vulnerability assessments (SVAs) and
source water protection plans (SWPPs),
which are required of all of our
bottling plants and built with the local
community. The projects we support are
in partnership with local governments
and other respected third-party
partners.
Between 2005 and the end of 2014, we
balanced an estimated 94% of the water
used in our finished beverages based
on 2014 sales volume, for a total of
153.6 billion liters of water replenished
to communities and nature. This work
includes more than 500 projects in more
than 100 countries and territories with
partners such as WWF, USAID, The
Nature Conservancy, Water for People,
UN-HABITAT, and the United Nations
Development Programme (UNDP).
With UNDP, for example, we support
Every Drop Matters, an initiative
48 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
helping tackle challenges related
to water supply, sanitation, water
management and climate change around
the world. Through this longstanding
partnership between Coca-Cola Eurasia
and Africa Group and UNDP, we have
joined in undertaking more than 100
projects in more than 20 countries.
In Uzbekistan, solar power and
pump sets supplying safe drinking
water have been implemented in more
than 25 communities, reaching an
estimated 130,000 people in the Navoi
and Samarkand regions. And, in 2014,
we expanded our UNDP partnership
through New World, a new program
focused on inclusive, sustainable human
development initiatives, including
water, that make meaningful long-term
improvements in communities.
Another effective replenish effort
for us has been water funds - financial
instruments designed to protect and
preserve water for all users in a given
watershed. Water fund investments
come from a wide variety of donors
across a watershed and even beyond
including local water users, businesses
and government agencies. Funds are
directed toward projects that protect key
lands upstream to filter and regulate
water supply.
Projects may include creation of
conservation areas, changes in land use
(e.g., prohibiting livestock grazing on
river banks, reforestation, removal of
invasive plant species), and introduction
of more sustainable farming techniques.
Coca-Cola has invested in around
50 water funds across 11 countries
in Latin America and the Caribbean,
with TNC, FEMSA Foundation and
the Inter-American Development Bank
(IDB) being key partners for 48 of these
projects. These funds are managed
through a partnership between TNC,
FEMSA Foundation, IDB and the
Global Environment Facility (GEF), and
support a range of conservation projects,
from reforestation to community and
farmer education initiatives.
Lessons learned in Latin America are
now helping solve water challenges
in Nairobi, Kenya, where the Upper
Tana-Nairobi Water Fund (the first in
Africa) is working to protect the hugely
important Tana River. This local fund
supports improvements in how lands
and waters are managed to benefit
Kenyan communities, farmers and
businesses throughout the watershed.
BEYOND OUR REPLENISH GOAL
Once we meet our goal of replenishing
the water we use, which we anticipate
will happen ahead of 2020, we wont
consider our replenish work complete.
Replenish will be an ongoing part
of our water stewardship program.
As our business and product volume
continue to grow, we intend to grow our
replenish projects to continue to balance
the water use of our entire system across
more than 200 countries and territories.
In fact, some countries in the Coca-
Cola system have already achieved or
exceeded 100% replenishment. In India,
for example, as a result of collaborative
efforts with NGOs, the government,
other industries, farmers and local
communities, and bottling partners,
Coca-Cola has achieved full balance
between groundwater used in beverage
production and that replenished to
nature and communitiesachieving
water positive status.
Efforts in India to replenish
groundwater, which increase local
available supplies, are focused on
rainwater harvesting, groundwater
aquifer recharge, constructing check
dams, restoring ponds and other natural
bodies, and supporting agricultural
improvements. We have around 600
rainwater harvesting and groundwater
recharge projects across 22 of Indias 35
states and territories with the estimated
potential to return nearly 150% of the
groundwater used.
Our India colleagues are setting a
leading example for the Coca-Cola
system of dedication to sustaining
a water balance. Maintaining 100%
replenishment across the system will
require continued treatment of all
process wastewater even as government
regulation of treatment becomes stricter
in some parts of the world. And, it means
working with our bottling partners to
ensure projects remain sustainable and
continue to replenish water.
When it comes to sustainability,
we must set goals and achieve them
to make significant progress. But,
it is important to keep in mind that
sustainability work is never done.
Sustainability is a journey, and one that
is more successful in partnership and
with a view and purpose that extends
beyond our own entities.
Greg Koch is senior director of Global
Water Stewardship at Coca-Cola.

MEETING GLOBAL WATER
SHORTAGE CHALLENGES
H
yflux has established itself
as a global player in the
water treatment market
with a comprehensive suite of
services spanning R&D, membrane &
component manufacturing, design &
process engineering, EPC (engineering,
procurement & construction) and
operations and maintenance.
Among the top desalination providers
and with more than 1,300 plants in
over 400 locations, Hyflux has over the
years proven itself through the design
and construction of both municipal and
industrial water treatment projects of
various scales and in diverse locations
worldwide. By leveraging on its in-
depth experience and expertise across
the full water value chain, Hyflux is
able to provide innovative product
and system solutions that help meet
the challenges of water shortages in
communities and industries.
The much-anticipated launch of
Hyfluxs reinforced-PES ultrafiltration
(UF) Kristal membranes unveiled a
unique and enhanced addition to its
trusted and award-winning proprietary
ultrafiltration Kristal line. The PES
material has been reinforced to feature
high tensile strength that is capable
of withstanding feed water of high
turbidity, thus prolonging the lifespan of
the membranes.
The hydrophilic PES also presents
a lower fouling rate that reduces the
need for frequent chemical dosing and
thereby offers significant cost-efficiency
The Standard Membrane System is shipped to customers in a significantly shorter lead time
INTERNATIONAL SHOW PREVIEW AQUATECH AMSTERDAM
Reinforced Kristal membranes feature high tensile strength to withstand feed water with a high turbidity
in operation and maintenance. Clients
may be assured of improved water
flux due to the membranes distinctive
asymmetric structure.
Kristal membranes are found in
over 40% of seawater reverse osmosis
desalination pre-treatment projects
around the world, producing more
than 2.5 million cubic metres of product
water daily. These include the Tianjin
Dagang Desalination Plant (100,000
m3), the largest in China, and Magtaa
Desalination Plant (500,000 m3), the
largest in Algeria and one of the largest
in the world.
Hyflux also offers an innovative
range of Standard Membrane Systems,
which integrate proprietary Kristal
membranes and reverse osmosis
(RO) membranes within
pre-engineered
systems
AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
ADVERTISEMENT
based on a modularised concept that
enables scalability to meet a wide range
of water specifications and conditions.
Designed to be compact, the Standard
Membrane System is constructed
and shipped to the customer in a
significantly shorter lead time compared
to building a water treatment plant from
the ground up. They therefore provide
an alternative that is faster, footprint-
efficient and more cost-effective. Clients
can also be assured of high-quality
performance from Hyfluxs superior
proprietary ultrafiltration Kristal
membranes, which are ideal for the pre-
treatment before the RO process.
An extension of the Standard
Membrane System, and a distinctive
MBR solution is the containerised MBR
system suitable for both municipal
and industrial wastewater treatment
from small to large scale. Arriving
pre-engineered and encased within
standard-sized containers, Hyfluxs
containerised MBR systems boast
shorter lead times, ease of installation
and the required scalability to meet
growing wastewater challenges
communities and industries face around
the world.
To find out more, visit our Aquatech
Amsterdam 2015 Booth: 03.200.
For enquiries, please send an email to
sales@hyfluxmembranes.com.
WWINTERNATIONAL.COM 49
INTERNATIONAL SHOW PREVIEW AQUATECH AMSTERDAM
ADVERTISEMENT
SUSTAINABLE MUNICIPAL
WASTEWATER SOLUTIONS
I
ts time to turn waste into new
business opportunities. Rising
energy costs. Expensive labour.
Growing populations. Today, more than
50% of the worlds population of seven
billion people live in cities and the
trend towards urbanisation continues
to rise.
Imagine what this means for
municipal wastewater and sludge
treatment. Now add the increasingly
stringent regulations and you will
understand that what worked today
may not work tomorrow.
In cities everywhere, there is an
increasing need for efficient processing
of wastewater and sludge. To tackle
these complex and conflicting
challenges, a partner with the full
perspective of wastewater treatment
needs, and an array of reliable solutions
to solve them is needed.
FULL-LINE SOLUTIONS
ANDRITZ SEPARATION has been
providing smart solutions for solid/
liquid separation for 150 years. Today,
these cover the entire wastewater
and sludge treatment process, from
screening and thickening to dewatering
and drying. Small or large cities,
greenfield or brownfield, ANDRITZ
SEPARATION has supplied innovative
solutions to municipalities on every
continent and in every regulatory
environment.
TACKLING GLOBAL CHALLENGES
In Singapore, this means replacing six
outdated sewage works with three
massive new wastewater treatment
plants, including constructing the largest
drying plant in the world to date. With
five lines, each capable of evaporating
11 tons of water per hour, the first new
plant is now 100% sustainable, with
dryers running entirely on biogas
produced by sludge digestion.
ANDRITZ SEPARATIONs ambition
is to: provide efficient, reliable and safe
wastewater treatment solutions that
are less costly to install, operate and
maintain while meeting the strictest
local requirements. And as part of a
global organisation with professionals in
50 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015
Where ANDRITZ SEPARATION fits into a municipal wastewater treatment plant
40 countries, ANDRITZ SEPARATION
has the experience, financial strength,
and technical resources to deliver
exactly that.
150 YEARS OF OEM EXPERIENCE
With an installed global base of more
than 55,000 solid/liquid separation
solutions and systems, you can imagine
that ANDRITZ SEPARATION takes
service seriously. Wherever these
customers are located, we work very
closely with them to maximise uptime
and boost efficiency.
Well-known OEM brands under one roof: ANDRITZ
WELL-KNOWN OEM BRANDS SEPARATION
Some customers know ANDRITZ
SEPARATION as the people with that speaks its customers language and
ANDRITZ SEPARATION on knows their equipment and process.
their overalls. Others have come This is not an empty promise. It is
to understand that ANDRITZ backed by a network of 550 service
SEPARATION is the OEM behind specialists for solid/liquid separation
former brand names like Netzsch equipment and systems as well as
Filtration, 3Sys Technologies, Bird, service centers all around the world.
KHD Humboldt Wedag, Rittershaus &
Blecher, Guinard, Lenser, KMPT, Escher A TRUE FULL-SERVICE PROVIDER
Wyss, Royal GMF Gouda, Frautech, and Whether customers need spare parts,
Sprout Bauer, companies who all have rentals, local service, repairs, upgrades,
been acquired by ANDRITZ. But frankly, or modernisation of equipment,
ANDRITZ SEPARATION is capable ANDRITZ SEPARATION is a 360-degree
of servicing and supplying spare parts service partner. From initial consulting
for nearly all brands of solid/liquid through to service agreements, plant
separation equipment on the market. optimisation, automation, and training
programs, we are always looking
LOCAL SUPPORT BACKED BY for ways to minimise downtime and
GLOBAL EXPERTISE increase predictability in operations
ANDRITZ SEPARATIONs service while raising the overall production
philosophy is simple: One phone call, efficiency.
one contact person, one dedicated team www.andritz.com
For more information, enter 30 at wwi.hotims.com
INTERNATIONAL SHOW PREVIEW AQUATECH AMSTERDAM

AQUATECH AMSTERDAM 2015

CELEBRATES 25TH EDITION

Brkert Fluid Control Systems is one of the

worlds leading manufacturers of measuring,
control and regulating systems for liquids and
gases. Brkert products are used in a wide
range of industries and applications. With
a portfolio of more than 30,000 products,
Brkert is the only supplier to offer all fluid
control system components: from solenoid
valves to process and analytical valves as well
as pneumatic actuators and sensors.
Booth: 02.128

Hyflux is a leading global fully-integrated

water solutions company committed to
producing water that is clean, safe, affordable
and accessible. Our projects and operations
span across the globe, and include landmark
projects such as some of the worlds largest
seawater reverse osmosis desalination
plants in Singapore, China and Algeria. We
offer sustainable solutions in the areas of
membrane-based desalination, water recycling,
wastewater treatment, including membrane
bioreactor (MBR) technology, and potable
water treatment.
Booth 03.200

ANDRITZ SEPARATION is one of the leading

global suppliers of technologies and services
in the solid/liquid separation and thermal
treatment areas for the environmental sector
(particularly wastewater treatment), for
mining and mineral processing, the chemical
industry, and for the food and beverages
industries. The extensive portfolio covers
centrifuges, filters, thermal systems, screens,
thickeners and separators.
Booth: 07.540

Proco Products
This year at Aquatech, Proco Products,
Inc. will be displaying the ProFlex Style
750 Inline check valve. This enclosed body
design is suited for heavy duty applications
where elements such as abrasive slurries or
sludge are present. The Series 750 features
a maintenance free design with no hinges
or seals to bind or freeze. No external
power sources are required, thereby making
operation costs obsolete. In addition, the
unique advantage of the valve is its ability to
offer zero valve slam, which can often occur
upon pump shut down.
Booth: 7.205

52 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015


MODULAR MULTI-CHANNEL
TRANSMITTER/CONTROLLER
B
rkert will present multiCELL
transmitter/controller type
8619 in a new housing version
and optional 110/230 VAC supply at
Aquatech Amsterdam.
Brkerts modular multi-channel
multiCELL transmitter/controller
type 8619 is a customisable measuring
system with an extended range of
functionalities that can work with
multiple types of sensors. With this
new variant, fluid technology specialist
Brkert has extended the scope of its
type 8619 which has been available only
for panel installation so far.
The new, separate housing version
offers more flexibility in installation, for
example on walls, railings or pipelines.
The new variant can be supplied with
a 1236 VDC supply, as before, or
alternatively with 110/230 VAC supply.
With multiCELL transmitter/
controller type 8619, Brkert offers a
INTERNATIONAL SHOW PREVIEW AQUATECH AMSTERDAM
ADVERTISEMENT
complete and flexible measuring system Want to know more? Come and visit
suitable for connecting multiple sensors us at Aquatech Amsterdam 2015|Booth
for the most diverse range of tasks in 02.128
data logging, control and dosing. The www.burkert.com
device is perfect for numerous
applications in areas as diverse as
water treatment or the production
of foodstuffs and pharmaceutics.
The system consists of a basic
device which comes with generous
equipment, but whose functional
range can be freely adapted
and extended, as required, with
hardware boards for pH/ORP,
conductivity, input + output signal
boards and software modules.
Brkerts multiCELL type 8619 is
now available not only in a version
for panel installation but also with
a housing, offering users more
flexibility in the installation of the
device, e.g. on walls, pipelines and
railings.
www.burkert.com
ch
Aquatredam
Amste
ember
th Nov
3rd 6 TH 02.128
BOO
OK, so it still cant fly to the moon. But for anything
that needs measuring, controlling and metering,
the Brkert multiCELL multi-channel transmitter/
controller Type 8619 is the ideal choice. Up to 6
modular signal inputs and outputs as well as op-
tions for mathematical functions or data logging ad-
apt this universal genius individually to every appli-
cation. This gives you more flexibility, expands the
range of possible applications including those
that you might not even have thought of yet and
gives you precisely the support you need. Now also
available for measuring chlorine and wall or pipe
mounting with an operating voltage of 12..36 VDC
and 110/230 VAC. The sky really is the limit!
We make ideas flow.
For more information, enter 31 at wwi.hotims.com
AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM 53
PRODUCT FOCUS ULTRAVIOLET (UV) TREATMENT

SINGAPORE ULTRAVIOLET UV RIG HELPS

WASTEWATER
REUSE PLANT TO
USE XYLEM UV
Water technology company Xylem will
supply ultraviolet (UV) disinfection
solutions to a major municipal water
reclamation facility in Singapore, as part
of a $500,000 contract.
The second Changi Water
Reclamation Plant will include
microfiltration, reverse osmosis and
Xylems Wedeco Spektron 2000e UV
disinfection system and is an initiative
of the Singapore Water Reclamation
Study, also known as the NEWater
Study.
As a result of the extensive
treatment including Xylems Wedeco
UV disinfection solution, the citys
industrial sector and communities living
in the east of the city will benefit from
an additional 228,000 tons (50 million
gallons) of reclaimed water per day.
Currently up to 30% of Singapores
water needs are met by reused water,
with a target of 55% by 2060.
www.xyleminc.com
TECH DESIGNED
FOR HAZ GAS
ENVIRONMENTS
Neptune Benson has designed and
implemented a ultraviolet (UV) system
for the Gods Lake First Nation Reserve
in Manitoba, Canada. The installation,
designed for disinfecting wastewater,
presented unique challenges due
to requirements that the equipment
worked safely within an environment
where explosive gases may occur during
normal operating conditions.
Corex Water Systems, the contractor
building the facility, asked Neptune
Benson to supply an ETS-UV system
that would meet the necessary
requirements and also be independently
certified to perform safely.
To address this, Neptune Bensons
ETS-UV design team developed
Intrinsically Safe (IS) components to
prevent any explosion hazard, and the
complete UV system was then certified
by a third party as suitable for use in a
hazardous environment.
www.neptunebenson.com
UNITED
UTILITIES RID
CRYPTO BUG
The first of several ultraviolet (UV) rigs,
capable of killing the last remaining
traces of the cryptosporidium bug will
be installed in parts of Lancashire.
The UV technology is being used in
strategic locations across the network
following a detailed analysis of how the
cryptosporidium bug is working its way
through the system.
United Utilities said installing the rigs
is one of its biggest ever engineering
projects, with rigs and equipment
having been sourced from across the UK
and Europe.
The water company hoped the rigs,
alongside a flushing of the network and
a storage reservoir cleaning programme,
will enable it to end the boil water notice
issues to customers. The notice will
only be lifted following consultation
across Lancashire. In the meantime,
the precautionary advice to boil water
remains in place.
www.unitedutilities.com

ULTRAVIOLET TECHNOLOGY INACTIVATES

CRYPTOSPORIDIUM AS PART OF TEXAS REUSE PROJECT
To counter a stage 5 drought, Wichita Falls city officials in Texas decided to treat and purify wastewater so it could be
reintroduced into the potable water supply. The city built a 13-mile pipeline from the wastewater treatment plant to the drinking
water plant, installed advanced treatment equipment including membranes and reverses osmosis and began extensive testing
by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) to ensure the water was meeting treatment goals. The project
went online in July 2014 under a temporary emergency permit serving a population of just over 100,000 using a 50-50 blend of
treated wastewater and lake water. As the temporary emergency permit timeline came to an end, the city requested an extension
on the project. In order for the Direct Potable Reuse (DPR) project to be extended, the Texas Commission on Environmental
Quality required the installation of a UV treatment process to act as an additional barrier for Cryptosporidium inactivation. The
TrojanUVSwiftECT was delivered to Wichita Falls in order to support the city and its DPR project. By February of 2015, Wichita
Falls had commissioned the system, allowing the city to receive a one-year extension on its DPR project. www.trojanuv.com

54 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015

 PRODUCT FOCUS FITTINGS & CONTROLS

MULTIPLE LEAK DETECTION SYSTEM LAUNCH

Aimed to fulfill a wide range of customer requirements for leak detection in double
containment piping systems, GF Piping Systems has announced a new product
line featuring three leak detection systems. The new offering complements the
companys double containment piping systems, which includes Fuseal Squared, PP,
Contain-It and Double-See. Designed for wastewater treatment plants and buried
applications, the new line includes the 918Q Alarm Box, the PAL-AT Continuous
Cable System and the Low Point Leak Detection System.
In the event there is a leak, these detection systems can determine where the
leak is and translating that information to facility personnel in a timely manner,
said Terence Zhao, product manager of Engineered Piping Systems for GF Piping
Systems. With our three double containment piping systems, it just made sense to offer customers the convenience of buying a
leak detection system when they buy one of our double containment systems.
For simple, low-cost leak detection requirements, the 918Q Alarm Box handles up to four sensor signals and features audible
and visual alarm indicators. www.gfps.com

TRIPLE OFFSET SUBMERSIBLE SAINT-GOBAIN

VALVE OFFERS
ZERO LEAKAGE
Pentair Valves & Controls has expanded
its Vanessa Triple Offset Valves
(TOVs) product line with the launch
of the Series 30-RS. The new manual
triple offset valve has been designed
to address the need for zero leakage
isolation in non-critical applications in
the oil and gas and process industries.
The Vanessa 30-RS is specially
designed for applications which require
non-critical fluids isolation in lower
pressure or temperature. Its safer bolted-
on seat allows for true positive isolation
when pressure is applied from the shaft
side, minimising the risk of dangerous
mechanical failure compared to other
bolted-seat designs.
Achieving zero leakage tightness
to API 598, the Vanessa Series 30-RS
handles temperatures up to 350C and
pressures up to ASME class 300.
http://valves.pentair.com/valves/
LEVEL
TRANSMITTERS
Cynergy3 Components new ranges of
submersible hydrostatic transducers
for depth and level measurement
applications are now available from
RS Components. The complete line-up
comprises three ranges; the ILS series,
the ILLS series and the ILTS series.
The ILS series is a range of seven
submersible level transmitters with
depth ranges from 0-1mWG up to
0-100mWG. The ILLS series of ten
transducers (five each with 4-20mA and
0.5-4.5V output versions) have a variety
of standard depth ranges from 0-1mWG
up to 0-10mWG.
The third series is the ILTS range;
similar to the ILLS series but they also
measure the temperature of the liquid
they are immersed in, providing an
additional 4-20mA output over the
range of -20 to +60C.
www.cynergy3.com
TUBING
PRODUCTS
The Process Systems business unit of
Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics has
unveiled two high-precision tubing
products that are designed to help
improve purity, accuracy, high-lift
performance and long pump life for
water sampling and analysis.
Tygon SPT-60 L is a platinum-cured
silicone tubing developed for accurate
dosing in peristaltic pumps, offering
sample integrity along with reliability
and long-life performance in water
sampling applications. Tygon SPT-60
L enables peristaltic pumps to have
a suction capability of up to 29 feet,
eliminating the need for a flooded
suction and providing added flexibility
during installation. Additionally, Tygon
SPT-60 L is designed with chemical
resistance to decrease the likelihood of
leaching or absorption of chemicals.
www.processsystems.saint-gobain.com

AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM 55

 ADVERTISERS INDEX
Advertiser Page Advertiser Page Advertiser Page
Analytical Technology, Inc. 17 Fibrelite 29 Phoenix Process Equipment Co. 56
ANDRITZ 50-51 Genesys International 45 Plast-O-Matic Valves, Inc. 37
Aqua-Aerobic Systems 3 Gorman-Rupp Company 15
Proco Products, Inc. 12
Aquatech Amsterdam 46 Grundfos 5
Auma Riester GmbH & Co. KG 35 Hobas Engineering 42 Reed Manufacturing Co. 19
Balmoral Tanks 13 Hyflux Ltd. C2, 49 Shimadzu Europa GmbH 31
Barthauer Software GmbH 37 Lama Filtration Systems 12 Siemens AG 21
Bentley Systems C3 LG NANOh20 26-27 Solinst Canada Ltd. 23
Burkert Fluid Control Systems 53 Merck Millipore 9
Tank Connection 19
Cadar Ltd. 39 Microdyn 43
Caprari S.P.A. 2 Myron L Company 8 Toray Membrane Europe AG 40
Evoqua Water Technologies LLC 33 Netzsch Mohnopumpen GmbH 18 Zoeller Waste Systems C4

CALENDAR OF EVENTS
A selection of events related to the water and wastewater industry in 2015 can be found here.
For a full list, visit: www.wwinternational.com and click on the Events tab at the top of the page.

September 03-05, 2015 October 4-6, 2015 February 1-4, 2016

Istanbul Water Expo POWER-Gen Middle East AWWA/AMTA 2016 Membrane Conference &
Istanbul, Turkey Abu Dhabi, UAE Exposition
www.istanbulwaterexpo.com http://www.powergenmiddleeast.com San Antonio, Texas, US
www.amtaorg.com/awwaamta-membrane-technology-
conference-exposition
September 15-18, 2015 October 18-22, 2015
IFAT Environmetnal Technology Forum Africa Water and Development Congress & Exhibition
Johannesburg, South Africa Jordan May 22-26 2016
www.ifatforum-africa.com http://www.iwa-network.org/WDCE2015/ Desalination for the Environment, Clean Water
and Energy
Rome, Italy
September 26, 2015 November 3-5, 2015 http://www.edsoc.com/
WEFTEC 2015 Aquatech Amsterdam
Chicago, IL Amsterdam, The Netherlands
www.weftec.org http://www.aquatechtrade.com May 30-June 2016
IFAT
Munich, Germany
September 26-27, 2015 November 3-6, 2015 http://www.ifat.de/en
Water Reuse Conference The Year in Infrastructure 2015 Conference
Nice, France London, UK
http://idadesal.org/water-reuse-conference/ http://bit.ly/1RceeID May 31-June 3 2016
CaribDA 2016 Biennial Conference & Exposition
Trinidad
November 18-21, 2015 http://www.caribda.com/calendar
IDW2015
Jeju, Korea
http://desalist.gdrc.or.kr/main/ July 10-14 2016
Singapore International Water Week (SIWW)
Singapore
December 8-10, 2015 www.siww.com.sg
POWER-GEN 2015
Las Vegas, Nevada
www.power-gen.com October 9-13 2016
CENTRIFUGES FREE LAB TESTING IWA World Water Congress & Exhibition
BELT PRESSES POLYMERS Brisbane, Australia
FILTER PRESSES SPARE PARTS
December 15-17, 2015 www.iwa-network.org
PORTABLE SYSTEMS FACTORY START-UP
NGWA Groundwater Expo
Las Vegas, Nevada
http://groundwaterexpo.com/ November 6-9 2016
Membranes in Drinking and Industrial Water
Production. Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
http://www.edsoc.com/
Process Equipment Company
www.dewater.com (502)499-6198
phoenix@dewater.com
For more information, enter 32 at wwi.hotims.com

56 WWINTERNATIONAL.COM AUGUST-SEPTEMBER 2015

Can You Afford to Leave
Water Leakage Undetected?

Identify Potential Leaks and Prioritize

Repairs with Bentley Software
Even in well-run water utilities in OECD countries, leakage accounts for 10-30% of water loss; in
developing countries it often exceeds 40%.*
Bentleys solution helps utilities more effectively manage leakage by offering software that
addresses the four basic methods of managing real losses as developed and promoted by the
International Water Associations Water Loss Task Force: active leakage control, pressure
management, speed and quality of repairs, and pipeline and asset management.

To learn more, visit: www.bentley.com/ReduceLeakage

*Source: OECD Observer No. 270/271

2015 Bentley Systems, Incorporated. Bentley and the B Bentley logo are either registered or unregistered trademarks or service marks of Bentley Systems, Incorporated or one of its direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiaries.
Other brands and product names are trademarks of their respective owners.
For more information, enter 33 at wwi.hotims.com
For more information, enter 34 at wwi.hotims.com