Design criteria(Septic Tank):

Quantity of sludge -30 l/capita/ years - Sludge storage

Depth - 1.2 1.8 m
Length: Breadth - 2-4 times
Min width - 120cm
Outlet ~ in let level difference = 5-7.5 or up to 15 cm
Detention time = 24 hours
Free board: 30cm
Design criteria for absorption system:
Calculation of Total subsurface soil area required for soak pits/
dispersion trenches
Lq = 130/t
t- standard percolation rate for the soil min/cm
Lq-Maximum rate of effluent application in Lpd/m2 of
leaching surface
Total trench area required = Total flow per day/ Lq
 COMPONENTS OF A SEPTIC SYSTEM

Distribution Box
Septic Tank

Leach Line
Problem:
Design a septic tank for the hostels of the Engineering
college:
Number of Hostels = 3
Students / Hostel = 200
Water supply = 120 lpcd
Assume Detention period 24 hours and
Sludge volume = 30l/cap/year
Solution:
Design for one hostel:
Waste water = 200x120x80/100 = 19.2 m3
Let us assume that sludge withdrawal once in a year
Volume required for sludge storage for one year
= 200x30
= 6000l= 6m3
Capacity of septic tank = 25.2 m3
Assuming a depth of 1.8 m , Area = 25.2/1.8=14 m2
3B2 = 14m2,
B2 = 14/3,
B = 2.16 say 2.20m
Length = 6.60m
 Dimension = 6.6x2.2x2.1m (1.8m+0.3m free board)
26.16m3 > 25.2 m3
Assuming 1.5m depth, Area = 16.8 m2
3B2= 16.8, B= 2.36 say 2.4 m
Provide 7.2x2.4x1.8m septic tank
Design of absorption system:
Lq = 130/t
Say t=20min/cm
Lq = 13020 = 29lpd/m2
Area required = 200x120x0.8/29 =
662m2
L = 30m
W=1m
TREAT SEWAGE SO THAT IT IS MADE HARMLESS.
DISPOSE OF SEWAGE (MAKE IT GO AWAY)