The document discusses when to use the infinitive form (to do, to sing) of a verb versus the -ing form (doing, singing). It provides examples of when each is used after certain verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and in different grammatical roles like as the subject of a sentence. The infinitive form is generally used after verbs like forget, help, choose; adjectives like happy, surprised; and expressions like too...to. The -ing form is used when the verb is the subject; after prepositions like without; and after verbs like enjoy, dislike, avoid. Some verbs can take either the infinitive or -ing form without changing the meaning much.
The document discusses when to use the infinitive form (to do, to sing) of a verb versus the -ing form (doing, singing). It provides examples of when each is used after certain verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and in different grammatical roles like as the subject of a sentence. The infinitive form is generally used after verbs like forget, help, choose; adjectives like happy, surprised; and expressions like too...to. The -ing form is used when the verb is the subject; after prepositions like without; and after verbs like enjoy, dislike, avoid. Some verbs can take either the infinitive or -ing form without changing the meaning much.
The document discusses when to use the infinitive form (to do, to sing) of a verb versus the -ing form (doing, singing). It provides examples of when each is used after certain verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and in different grammatical roles like as the subject of a sentence. The infinitive form is generally used after verbs like forget, help, choose; adjectives like happy, surprised; and expressions like too...to. The -ing form is used when the verb is the subject; after prepositions like without; and after verbs like enjoy, dislike, avoid. Some verbs can take either the infinitive or -ing form without changing the meaning much.
Sometimes we need to decide whether to use a verb in its:
-ing form (doing, singing)
or
infinitive form (to do, to sing).
For example, only one of the following sentences is correct. Which one? I dislike working late. (???) I dislike to work late. (???) When to use the infinitive The infinitive form is used after certain verbs: - forget, help, learn, teach, train - choose, expect, hope, need, offer, want, would like - agree, encourage, pretend, promise - allow, can/can't afford, decide, manage, mean, refuse I forgot to close the window. Mary needs to leave early. Why are they encouraged to learn English? We can't afford to take a long holiday. The infinitive form is always used after adjectives, for example: - disappointed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sad, surprised I was happy to help them. She will be delighted to see you. This includes too + adjective: The water was too cold to swim in. Is your coffee too hot to drink? The infinitive form is used after adjective + enough: He was strong enough to lift it. She is rich enough to buy two. When to use -ing The -ing form is used when the word is the subject of a sentence or clause: Swimming is good exercise. Doctors say that smoking is bad for you. The -ing form is used after a preposition: I look forward to meeting you. They left without saying "Goodbye." The -ing form is used after certain verbs: - avoid, dislike, enjoy, finish, give up, mind/not mind, practise I dislike getting up early. Would you mind opening the window? Some verbs can be followed by the -ing form or the infinitive without a big change in meaning: begin, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer, propose, start. It started to rain. It started raining. I like to play tennis. I like playing tennis.