Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Horizontal Well Control
Horizontal Well Control
Horizontal
Well
Control
1 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
2 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
Kick Avoidance
Known Formations
Fewer Appraisal Wells
Drilled Kick
Mud Weight Drop
Sealing Fault to Higher Pressure Zone
Loss Circulation
Large Section of Reservoir Exposed
Cuttings Bed on Low Side
3 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
Kick Detection
The geometry of the well does not alter the fact that
formation fluid coming into the well will displace
drilling fluid from the well.
We need to continue to emphasise the need for
control of the mud pits to ensure that gains are not
disguised by mud transfers. A reliable flow paddle
system will assist in faster detection of kicks.
As we saw in earlier work unless the formation goes
under balance then it is very unlikely that a flow check
will be positive especially in OBM. Any influx
swabbed into the horizontal section is unable to
migrate and will produce a negative flow check.
A negative flow check does not mean there is no
influx
Again it comes back to proper control of the trip tank
whilst coming out of the well.
4 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
Shut-In
5 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
Kick Control
Once we have shutin on a horizontal
well what do we do next ;
How do we fill our kick sheet ?
OR
How do we get back to bottom ?
Lets look at both in turn.
6 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
M D 10,000 ft
T V D 5,000 ft
OMW = 10 ppg
SCRP = 500 psi @ 4 bbl/min
SIDPP = 1000 psi
10,000 ft of 5" Drill Pipe @ 0.017224 bbl/ft
7 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
8 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
1000 1000
800 800
600 600
400 400
200 200
0 0
0 43
Time
9 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
3800
3700
3600
3500
3400
0 21.5 43
TIme ( Mins )
10 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
Two Questions
11 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
Horizontal Section
12 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
Vertical section
KOP
30 30 Section
60 Section
TVD
Horizontal Section
13 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
Vertical section
30
30 Section
60
60 Section
Horizontal Section
14 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
15 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
16 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
Pumping Pressure
Calculations remain the same for :
Initial Circulating Pressure, ICP
Final Circulating Pressure, FCP
But how do we reduce ICP to FCP as the
kill mud is pumped :
Measured Depth of Kill Mud ?
Vertical Depth of Kill Mud ?
We have seen that the measured depth
approach gives a bad answer.
17 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
[ ]
PRESSURE PRESSURE KILL GRADIENT
2026 - 1877
1877 6279
6279 == 0.022
0.022
The required kill mud weight and the initial and final
circulating pressures are all found as normal.
There is then one new item that has to be found. The
Incremental Kill Gradient. This finds the reduction in
standpipe pressure as the kill mud is pumped down
each foot of the vertical depth.
The reduction along each component of the drill
string can then be found from its vertical depth times
the kill gradient. This can then be taken from the
initial circulating pressure to find the circulating
pressure at the end of each of the drill string
components.
In this case the final circulating pressure is reached
when the kill mud reaches the TVD of the well
irrespective of whether it has reached the bit.
18 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
TVD Vs Standard
Kick Sheet
2050
1950
1900
1850
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800
Total Strokes
20 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
Static Pressure
The STATIC pressure at any time in the kill is
related to the TVD of the kill mud. The STATIC
pressure will DECREASE the further the kill mud is
pumped.
The STATIC pressure can be found at any time in
the kill from ;
TVD P
Static Pressure = SIDPP - SIDPP x
TVD T
21 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
Dynamic Pressure
MDP
Dynamic Pressure = SCRP + ( FCP - SCRP )
MD T
22 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
Circulating Pressure
23 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control Horizontal Kick Sheet
WELL CONTROL KICK SHEET
( Horizontal Extension )
Complete the standard Sedco Forex kick sheet up to Section G 1. You should then fill out this sheet to allow you to calculate your pumping pressure graph. You need to
transfer the following information to this sheet.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A M.D. 0
D D y n a m i c P r e s s u r eS C R P + ( P r e s s u r e I n c x R o w B )
H C i r c u l a t i n g P r e s s .Row D + Row G
24 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control Worked Example
WELL CONTROL KICK SHEET
( Horizontal Extension )
Complete the standard Sedco Forex kick sheet up to Section G 1. You should then fill out this sheet to allow you to calculate your pumping pressure graph. You need to
transfer the following information to this sheet.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A M.D.
0 1167 2234 3502 4669 5836 7003 8170 9338 10505 11672
B M.D. Ratio Row A Measured Depth
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
C Strokes Strokes To Bit x Row B
0 168 336 503 671 839 1007 1175 1342 1510 1678
D D y n a m i c P r e s s u r eS C R P + ( P r e s s u r e I n c x R o w B )
1700 1718 1735 1753 1771 1789 1806 1824 1842 1859 1877
H C i r c u l a t i n g P r e s s .Row D + Row G
2026 1983 1940 1897 1857 1827 1813 1824 1842 1859 1877
25 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
2100
Circulating Pressure ( psi )
2050
TVD Kick Sheet
Extension
2000
1950
1900
1850
1800
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800
Total Strokes
26 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
Comparison of
Bottom Hole Pressures
3600
Standard
Bottom Hole Pressure ( psi )
TVD Sheet
3550
Extension
3500
3450
3400
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800
Total Strokes
27 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
Swabbed Influx
28 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
29 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
Summary 1
Kick Avoidance
- On the plus side the formation is known
- On the negative side the formation is a
productive one
Kick Detection
- Same as an equivalent TVD well
- Good trip monitoring essential
Shut-In
- SIDPP = SICP
- Influx type unknown
30 V1.0C
Technology Transfer
Horizontal Well Control
Summary 2
Drilled Kick
Change required to kick sheet
Proposal based on measured depth
Split static and dynamic components
Swabbed Kick
Displace influx to vertical and cause flow
Volumetric stripping
Worst case assumption for vertical section
31 V1.0C