Basic Guidelines for Radio News Scriptwriting (FILIPINO VERSION)

A. Una sa lahat, ang pagsulat ng balita sa radyo ay isinusulat lamang sa

tagapakinig, HINDI SA MAMBABASA MAN O TAGAPANOOD. Upang mas maintindihan
ang pagsulat ng balita, maaring sundin ang mga sumusunod:
a. Alalahanin na ang pagsulat ng balita ay nakatuon lamang sa tagapakinig, kaya
naman, ang pagsulat ay dapat malinaw at madaling maintindahan.
b. Wala ni anumang salita ang mahirap bigkasin o ni nangangailangan pang salita ipaliwanag
ng diksyunaryo.
B. Pre-Writing Stage (Hakbang bago sumulat ng balita)
a. Gumawa ng outline. Tukuyin ang mga element ng storya. Tanungin ang sarili: Sino?
Ano? Saan? Kailan? Bakit? At Paano?
b. Sumulat ng teaser. Ito ang gagamitin mo upang bigyan ng patikim ang tagapakinig
bago i-ere ang balita. Kailangang hindi hahaba kaysa sa pangungusap.
c. Sumulat ng pangunahing pangungusap (lead sentence). Ito ang ginagamit upang
makuha ang atensyon ng tagapakinig. Maging KLARO at MAG-INGAT sa mga
salitang gagamitin sa iyong unang talata.
i. NEWS VALUES:

1. Prominence Popularidad 7. Human Interest Apela sa emosyon ng tao

2. Proximity Kalapitan 8. Change pagbabago ng kapangyarihan/posisyon sa
3. Currency Pinakapinag-uusapan pamamahala
4. Timeliness Pinakabagong anggulo ng istorya 9. Drama Misteryo, Kababalaghan, Katatawanan
5. Consequence Kahalagahan ng pangyayari 10. Conflict Awayan ng magkabilang panig
6. Oddity Pambihira at Di Pangkaraniwan
 d. Isulat ang katawan ng storya. Isama ang LAHAT ng mahahalagang impormasyon,
bilang at PUNTO. Sa isang balitang pangradyo, karaniwang tumatakbo lamang
trenta segundo (65 words) hanggang isang minuto (130 words).
e. Sumulat ng kongklusyon. Saan papunta ang storya? Paano mo tatapusin ang
kwento?. Kinakailangang mabanggit ang mga mahahalagang punto ng istorya.
f. Kailangang MABILIS NA MATINGNAN AGAD ang script at UNAWAIN ang nilalaman.
Lalo na ang tamang salitang gagamitin na ANGKOP SA PANDINIG. Ipakita ang script
sa copy-editor na maaring tukuyin ang mga mali sa istorya.
g. Patingnan sa Time Keeper ang bilang ng salita:
i. 10 seconds = 25 words
ii. 15 seconds = 35 words
iii. 20 seconds = 45 words
iv. 30 seconds = 65 words
v. 60 seconds =130 words
h. Trabaho ng Copy Editor. Panatilihing SARIWA. HUWAG ULITIN ang nilalaman ng
teaser at lead. Ito ang kadalasang pagkakamali ng isang balita.
i. Madaliing ipasa sa encoder ang pinal na balita sa computer.
j.
C. Pangkabuoang Babala sa Pagsulat ng Balita sa Radyo
a. Limitahan ang bilang ng isang balita. Mas maraming bilang, mas nakakalito.
b. Gawing MAS KAUNTI ang pangungusap upang mas makahinga ang taga-ulat.
c. Gawing aktibo ang pangungusap: Inakyat niya ang bubungan ng mga bahay sa
halip na Ang mga bubungan ng bahay ay inakyat ng isang tao.
d. Gawing kasalukuyan ang nagaganap na balita. Sundan ang pinakahuling
kaganapan.
e. HUWAG haluan ng personal na opinyon ang balita.
f. HUWAG gayahin o kopyahin ang nilalaman ng bawat salitang nakapaloob sa
anuman istoryang pinagmumulan ng balita.
g.
D. Setting your Word Document before encoding:
i. Under HOME Tab
1. HIGHLIGHTING Shortcut: (Ctrl + A)
2. BOLD Shortcut: (Ctrl + B)
3. FONT: Arial SIZE: 12 Shortcut: (Ctrl + Shift + F)
4. PARAGRAPH:
a. JUSTIFIED Shortcut: (Ctrl + J)
b. LINE SPACING click 2.0; click (Ctrl + A); click Remove
Space After Paragraph
ii. Under Page Layout Tab
1. PAGE SETUP: Margins: 1; Paper Size: Letter (8.5 x 11)
2. LAYOUT: click Line Numbers; check the Add Line Numbering;
3. LINE NUMBERING: From text: Increase to 0.1 (recommended)
a. Numbering: click Continues
iii. Additional Shortcuts (FOR FASTER ENCODING)
1. COPY AND PASTE: (Ctrl + C ; Ctrl + V)
2. PRINT: (Ctrl + P)
iv. General Guidelines for Technical Scriptwriting
1. All Character Notations are in CAPS (ex. TAL. 1; TAL 2; MOTHER; CHILD)
2. All Technical (SFX and MSC) designations are also in CAPS
a. Sound Effects (SFX 1: HEADLINE STINGER)
b. Music MSC 2: TITLE (TECH. INSTRUCTIONS)
i. Ex: MSC 2: THE LAZY SONG (FADE IN UP
DOWN TO BG LEVEL)
ii. *Only Music Notations are underlined
 c. Talents
i. Ex: MOTHER: (GENTLY)

b.

c.
E. Glossary of Broadcasting/Broadcast News Terms (APPEARS IN THE SCRIPT)

a. TECHNICAL TERMS FOR TALENTS AND DIRECTING

b. BUMPER music played in intro news segments.
c. [Ex. MSC 2: BUMPER (FADE IN..UPDOWNUNDER BG LEVEL)]
d. CUE (FOR DIRECTOR) usually a physical signal by engineer or other technical
person indicting to anchor to perform a task (start reading, wrap up, go to break).
e. COOL OUT gradual fade of music at the conclusion of a news report.
f. [Ex. MSC 3: LOCAL NEWS BED (COOL OUT)]
g. FEED - A live or recorded report or a set of recorded reports sent to a
station/newsroom via satellite, phone, or other device for inclusion in a news program.
h.
i. RESUME FROM COMM. GAP
j. (Example: TAL. 1 (LIVE FEED) Kapapasok lamang na balita)
k. LEAD-IN broadcast term for beginning part of story news anchor reads
introducing the story and/or person reporting story.
l. (EX. LEAD-IN: Patuloy pa rin ang palitan ng missiles sa pagitan ng North Korea
at South Korea)
m. LOCK-OUT (live) usually the last thing a reporter says in either a live or recorded
news story (i.e. PKG) indicating the piece is ending.
n. (Ex. LOCK-OUT: Para sa 97.2 MindaNews FM, NAME Aktibo sa balita)
o. OUTRO usually the Goodbye or end segment of a newscast often during which
news/wx/sports anchors engage in happy talk.
p. (Ex. TAL.1: Nagsasabing sa (LOUDER) Oras ng pagmamatyag, kami ay laging
namamayagpag)
q. LINEUP - A chronological outline or order of stories or segments to be used in a
newscast. This is the producer's blueprint for the newscast.
r. [Ex. TAL.1: (READ LINEUP) Narito na ang mga umaatikabong balita sa nakalipas na
dalawang oras.]
s. RUNNING TIME - Refers either to the estimated time or the actual time of a
newscast. Producers/editors should always estimate the running time of the newscast
based on the actual time of each recorded report and her or his best guess as to the time
of each intro and each story to be read by the anchor.
t. [Ex. Running Time: 5MINS.]

u. CLOCK
schedule of a broadcast hour, with precise time in minutes and seconds allotted for the
various programming segments; for example, a clock might begin "00:00-01:30 -- news,"
"01:30-02:30 -- spots," and so forth; often represented as a pie chart resembling an analog
clock.

v. [Ex. TAL.3: (CLOCK: 02:30 03:30NEWS) Abot tuhod ang baha]

w. SEGUE - smooth transition from one scene or topic to another.

x. [Ex. SEGUE: MSC 1: (CROSSFADE) MSC 2: INTL NEWS BED (FADE

IN..UPDOWNUNDER BG LEVEL)]
 y. STD INTRO - Standard Intro found at the very first line numbering of a news script.
Cue as the broadcast program starts. [Ex. STD INTRO: MSC 1: PROGRAM ID
BEDDING (FADE INUPDOWNUNDER BG LEVEL)]

z. STD EXTRO - Standard Extro found at the very LAST line numbering of a news
script. Cue as the broadcast program ends. [Ex. STD EXTRO: MSC 7:
PROGRAM ID BEDDING (FADE UPESTDOWNAND OUT)]

aa. -END-

ab.

ac.

F. Initial Preparations before Going Live (Broadcasting)

a. Practice! WHY? Because Practice Makes PERMANENCE! Back-up with earnest

prayers.

b. Dont abuse your voice.

c. Use Proper Phrasing (it would be better to mark slashes between phrases to
breathe)

d. Secure your OWN copy.

e. For Tech. D: Check ALL THE EQUIPMENT BEFORE Broadcast. Familiarize more about
mixing.

f. For Director: Secure ALL THE FUNCTIONING MICS. If theres a defect, better not to
use it.

g. For Talents: Choose your compatible microphone. Anchor holds the most
conditioned mike; Test all the microphones by saying TEST MIC. Mix the
concentrated microphone for low voiced talent to a higher volume and vice versa.

h.

G. Seconds before the Broadcast

a. Take a deep breath and release the air smoothly.

b. Smile and BE EXCITED!

c. Think as if you are already working in a real broadcasting company.

d. Talents? Eyes on the Time Keeper/Director/Judges or someone who is in-charge of

the cue

e. Director? Eyes on the in-charge of the Go Signal

 f. Tech D? Test ALL THE MUSIC; Signal the Director to secure that all the connections
were properly settled.

g.

H. During the Broadcast

a. Talents? Give your best performance

b. Analyze, speak clearly and seriously; emphasize words

c. Be dynamic and compassionate

d. Create your own style without sacrificing the justice of the art broadcasting.

e. Smile at all times.

f. Director? Keep an eye of your Technical Director and Talents. *Perform CLEARLY your
hand signals.

g. Technical D? BE ALERT! I repeat, BE ALERT! There may be changes during the

broadcast especially the connections.

h.

I. After the Broadcast

a. Secure all the equipment were all fixed.

b. Leave the room/stage silently.

c. And BE CONTENTED.

d.

e. For your success!

f. Prepared by:

g.

h. ANTHONY L. REBAMONTE
i. Broadcast Journalist/Writer/Director
j. The University of Mindanao

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