Professional Documents
Culture Documents
030 Pubana Toke PDF
030 Pubana Toke PDF
rSwfwrf;
omoemawmfESpf 2555 ckESpf? aumZm ou&mZf
1373-ckESpf? oDwif;uRwfvjynfhaeY (12-10-2011)
rEav;wdkif;a'oBuD;? jynfBuD;wHcGefNrdKUe,f? (8)&yfuGuf?
pdef&wk a&Tpifodef; "rAdrmefawmftwGif; udef;0yfpHy,f
awmfro l nfh at;csr;f atmifjrif jrwfaAm&Sif jrwfpmG bk&m;
\ Ak'ylZed,yGJawmf atmifyGJtjzpfjzifh qif,ifusif;y
jyKvkyftyfonfh "robif tcrf;tem;0,f rEav;NrdKU?
26? bk&ifah emifvrf;? yGuJ ek ;f vrf;rwef;ae a&Tpifoed ;f yGJ kH
pdef&wka&Tpifodef; "rAdrmef tvSL&Sif uG,fvGefol
OD;ode;f armiftm;&nfp;l a':a':oef; om;orD;ajr;wpfpk
rdom;pkwdkY\ trw'ge "r'getjzpfjzifh a[mMum;
tyfaom ]]ykAPSokwf tESpfcsKyf}} w&m;a'oemawmf/
ykAPSokwfudk y&dwfBuD;(11)okwfxJrSmygvdkY
Ak'b
mom0ifoal wmfpifawG Mum;zl;Muw,f/ wcsKd U
vnf; tvGwf&aeMuw,f/ eHeufrdk;aomufcsdef
av;rSm &Gwzf wfo&Zsm,fNy;D tmHjk yKvaYkd umif;wJh
2 a'gufwm t&Sief Ermvmbd0o
H ykAP
o
S w
k f tESpcf sKyf 3
okwe w f pfc/k a&S;q&mawmfawGu *gxmyk'af ygif; awG &Edkifw,f/ aemufqHk; edAmefwdkif rsufarSmuf
(19)yk'ef YJ ykAP
o S w
k u
f zkd UJG pnf;Ny;D azmfjyxm;w,f/ jyKEdkifatmif tusdK;&SdrSmjzpfw,f/
Ak'bmom0if olawmfpifawG i,fpOf Ak'jrwfpGm a[mMum;wJh w&m;awG[m
awmifaus; uav;b0upNyD; ]]y&dw}}vdkYac:wJh ,HkMunfHkoufoufeJY rSwfom;&r,fhw&m;rsdK;awG
tE&m,fudk uif;&Sif;apEdkifwJh jrwfpGmbk&m; r[kwb f ;l / oabmaygufem;vnf&r,fh w&m;awG
w&m;awmfawGudk usufrSwfMuw,f/ tcg jzpfw,f/ 'gaMumifrh Ykd r*i&f pS yf g;xJrmS qd&k if jrwfpmG
tm;avsmfpGm y&dwfw&m;awmfudk em,lMuw,f? bk&m;u orm'd|d- rSefrSefuefuefjrifjcif; qdkwJh
&GwfzwfMuw,f? o&Zsm,fMuw,f/ tJ'Dvdk todPf[m Ak'b mom0if olawmfpifwt Ykd wGuf
&Gwzf wfo&Zsm,f em,lMuwJh y&dww f &m;awmfawG ta&;Bu;D qH;k t&mwpfcjk zpfw,f/ em;vnfoabm
&JU t"dym ,fawGukd &Si;f &Si;f vif;vif;odzYdk tifrwef aygufrS ydkNyD; aumif;usdK;csrf;omawG &Edkifw,f/
rS ta&;Bu;D w,f/ &Si;f &Si;f vif;vif;od&if 'D y&dwf 'gaMumifhrdkY bmoma&;udp aqmif&GufwJhtcgrSm
w&m;awmfawGxrJ mS edAm efa&mufaMumif; tusihf tjcm; bmomawGeJY rwlbl;/ Ak'bmom&JU
w&m;awG jrwfpGmbk&m;u a[mxm;w,f/ tJ'g aqmif&u G rf u
I em;vnfrt I ay:rSm tajccHw,f/
aMumifh y&dww f &m;awmfqw kd m em,lw kH ifrubl;? 'gaMumifrh Ykd t&mcyford ;f udk em;vnfatmifBuKd ;pm;
em,lrw S of m;Ny;D awmh vdu k ef musio hf ;kH Mur,fq&kd if Mu&w,f/
rsuaf rSmufb0rSmvnf; aumif;usKd ;csr;f omawGukd 'D ykAPSokwfrSm *gxmyk'faygif; (19)yk'f
&r,f/ wrvGef b0rSmvnf; aumif;usdK;csrf;om d ,f/ ]]okeuwH okr*Fv?H okyb
&Sw mwH ok[|k w d }H }
pwJ*h gxmawGukd jrwfpmG bk&m;a[mcJw h ,f/ a&SUydik ;f Edkifr,f qdkvdkY&Sd&if rsufarSmuf b0rSmvnf;
u *gxmawGuawmh a&S;ynm&Sd q&mawmfBuD; aumif;usKd ;csr;f omawGukd &Edik w f ,f/ wrvGeb f 0
awG eHeufrdk;aomufcsdefrSm &GwfzwfylaZmfNyD; rSmvnf; aumif;usdK;csrf;omawG &Edkifw,f/
bk&m;udt k mHjk yKvYkd eHeufcif;umvrSm aumif;usKd ; aemufq;kH rSm edAm efwikd f a&muf&EdS ikd w f ,fw/hJ tJ'v D kd
csrf;omawG&zdkY? aeYv,fcif;umvrSm? naecif; enf;pepfaumif;awG nTejf yxm;wm vlawG[modzYkd
umvrSm aumif;usKd ;csr;f omawG&zdq Yk w kd hJ wpfaeY tifrwefrS ta&;BuD;w,f/
wmumv jzwfoef;csed rf mS taumif;eJyY J jzwfoef; odonfjzpfap? rodonfjzpfap b0wpfckudk
zdkY&mtwGuf vrf;nTefrIjyKwJhoabmyJ/ jzwfoef;Ny;D awmh tcsed u f ek Mf u&rSmawmh twlwyl /J
'gaMumifhrdkY vlqdkwm 24 em&D aeYpOfeJYtrQ odkYaomf jzwfoef;NyD; tcsdefukefwmcsif; wlay
jzwfoef;Ny;D aeMu&w,f/ tck bke;f Bu;D wdw Yk pfawG r,fv h Ykd tusKd ;&Sw
d v hJ ?l tusKd ;r&Sw d v
hJ ql w
kd m ESprf sKd ;
ntcgrSm em;aetdyfpufNyD; eHeufrdk;aomuf jzpfomG ;w,f/ aumif;usKd ; csr;f omawGu&kd atmif
tvif;a&mufwJh tcsdefupNyD;awmh eHeufydkif;? ,lEdkifwJhyk*dKvf[m wu,f vlvdrm ynm&SdvdkY
aeYv,fydkif;? naeydkif;qdkwJh tydkif;oHk;ydkif;udk ac:w,f/ udk,fhb0c&D;rSm aumif;usdK;csrf;om
jzwfoef;&w,f/ 'Dvkd jzwfoef;wJt h cgrSm b,fvkd awGudk &atmifr,lEdkifbl;qdkvdkY&Sd&if b0wpfck
yHkpHeJY jzwfoef;&r,f? b,fvdkae&r,f? b,fvdk qH;k H;I epfemwmaygh/
xdkif&r,fqdkwm 'DokwefxJrSm vrf;nTefxm;wm 'gaMumifrh Ykd 'Dvkd w&m;"reYJ ywfoufNy;D awmh
&Sw
d ,f/ tJ'D vrf;nTecf sut f wdik ;f vdu k ef musio hf ;kH ,lEdkifatmif? ,lwwfatmifvdkY qdkNyD;awmh pmay
6 a'gufwm t&Sief Ermvmbd0o
H ykAP
o
S w
k f tESpcf sKyf 7
tdyrf ufrsKd ; aumif;wJt h yd rf uf/ wcsKd U tdyrf ufqw kd hJ tawG;awG? aumif;wJh ukodkvf pdwf"mwfawGu
ae&mrSm wcsKd Utdyrf ufawGu tusKd ;oufa&mufrI raumif;rIawGukd z,f&mS ;Edik yf gw,f/ z,f&mS ;Edik w f hJ
jzpfay:apw,f/ wcsdKU tdyfrufawGu tusdK; pGrf;tm;&Sdw,fvdkY ,HkMunf&r,f/
oufa&mufrI rjzpfapbl;/ tdyfrufwdkif;[m 'gaMumifrh v Ykd Ykd vlawGrmS MuKH awGUwwfwmawG
aumif;usdK; qdk;usdK;udk zefwD;wm r[kwfbl;/ &Sdw,f/ wpfcgwpfavusawmh twdwfedrdwf
aumif;usdK;qdk;usdK; zefwD;EdkifwJh tdyfrufqdkwm raumif;bl;vdkY 'Dvdkajymavh&SdMuw,faygh/ wpfcg
&Sw
d ,faygh/ ykAe rd w d ef YJ rufwmrsKd ;awG? tJ'v D kd ykA wpfavusawmh r*Fvmr&Sdbl;vdkY? r*Fvmr&Sdwm
edrdwfeJY rufwmrsdK;us&if aumif;usdK; qdk;usdK;awG awGU&w,fvdkY avmur*FvmvdkY owfrSwfwm
vmwwfw,f/ tJ'DvdkvmwJhtcgrSm vlawG[m bk&m;u owfrw S af y;wm r[kwb f ;l / jrwfpmG bk&m;
bmvkyfMuwkef;? aA'ifq&mqDoGm;NyD; ,Mwmacs owfrw S af y;wmu 38 jzmr*Fvmqdw k m aumif;wJh
wmwdkY bmwdkYvkyfw,f/ tvkyfawGeJY ywfoufwmawGcsnf;yJ/
tJ'Dvdk vkyfr,fhtpm; jrwfpGmbk&m;u 'D avmuvlawGu r*Fvmqdw k m ynwfomG ;&m
ykAPSokwfrSm enf;vrf; ay;xm;wmav;udk "mwfoufygqdkNyD; ckacwfqdk ydkNyD;awmh rsm;vm
rSwfom;zdkY vdktyfw,f/ udk,fh&ifxJ ESvHk;xJu w,f/ Mumyef;udk bk&m;vSL&if MuefYMumw,fvdkY?
aumif;Nyq D v kd &Ykd &dS if &ifxJ ESv;kH xJu oefpY ifNy;D awmh yef;oD;udv k LS &if yef;w,fvYkd 'Dv[ kd mrsKd ;awG vlawG
aumif;wJt h awG;awG &Sv d mNy?D aumif;wJph w d "f mwf rSm awG;awmvmwmrsKd ;awG&w dS ,f/ aeYcsi;f ncsi;f
awG udef;0yfvmNyD qdkvdkY&dS&if tJ'D aumif;wJh BuD;yGm;atmif *sif;udk bk&m;vSLw,f? MuHyifpdkuf
w,f tMuaH tmifcsiv f /Ykd 'gawGu avmuDr*Fvm r*Fvm&Sw d ,f/ aumif;wJt h eH&Y &if r*Fvm&Sw d ,fvYkd
vdkYac:w,f/ aumif;usdK;csrf;omudk ay;EdkifwJh 'Dvdk tjriftMum;eJY ywfoufwJh r*FvmawGudk
taetxm;r&Sb d ;l / vlawGu pdwaf jzwmyJ&w dS ,f/ pGv
J ef;vd&Yk &dS if tJ'yD *k Kd v[ f m uHw&m;udk r,HMk unf
wu,f aumif;usdK;csrf;om ay;Edkifwmu &m a&mufw,faygh/
udk,fh&ifxJ ESvHk;xJ&SdwJh obm0w&m;[m 'gaMumifrh Ykd Ak'b momtppfu ud, k vf yk wf u hJ H
aumif;usKd ; csr;f om ay;Edik w f ,f/ tJ'gaMumifrh v
Ykd Ykd udk,fhoEmefrSmjzpfwJh pdwfxJrSm jzpfay:vmwJh uH
wu,fay;Edik w f mr[kwaf yr,fh vlawGu ,HMk unf w&m;? EIwfu xkwfajymwJh uHw&m;? udk,fxd
MuwmyJ/ avmuvlom;awGu ArmvlrsKd ;awGcsn;f vufa&mufvkyfwJh uHw&m;? tJ'D uHw&m;udkom
,HkMunfMuwmr[kwfbl;? wjcm; vlrsdK;awGvJ vufcH,HkMunfzdkY vdktyfw,f/ tay:,H tajym
avmurSm&SdwJh r*FvmawGudk,Hkw,f/ Ak'bmom tqdak v;awGeYJ r*Fvm&Sw d ,f? r*Fvmr&Sb d ;l qdw k m
vkyfNyD;awmh tJ'Dvdk r*FvmawGudk ,HkMunfw,f rsdK;awGu r,HkMunf&bl;vdkY/ 'gaMumifhrdkY tJ'D
qdvk &Ykd &dS if jrwfpmG bk&m;u Ak'b mom tnHph m;vdYk r*Fvmr&Sb d ;l vdx Yk ifwhJ udpa wG avmurSm jzpfay:
owfrSwfw,f/ Oygoum qdk&if tnHhpm; vmvd&Yk &dS if tJ'gawG yaysmufomG ;atmif rSeu f efwhJ
Oygoum? Oygoumrqd&k if tnHph m; Oygoumr/ enf;pepfeYJ tck 'DyAk P o S w k rf mS nTeMf um;Ny;D awmh
]]r*FvH yapwd e urH}} r*Fvmudk ,HkMunfw,f/ jyxm;wm&Sw d ,faygh/
r*Fvmqdkwm avmuDr*Fvmudkajymwm/ aumif; aemufwpfcg wpfcgw&H jrefrmvlrsdK;awGu
wm Mum;&if r*Fvm&Sdw,f? aumif;wm jrif&if iSuu f kd iSuq f ;kd vdoYk wfrw S w f m? em;xJrmS qlqn l n H H
14 a'gufwm t&Sief Ermvmbd0o
H ykAP
o
S w
k f tESpcf sKyf 15
qdk;qdk;0g;0g; atmfwJhiSufawG iSufqdk;/ tJ'Dvdk b,fou l rSvJ olUudk tE&m,f ray;bl;/ zGww f uf
iSufqdk;oHawG Mum;&ifvnf;yJ twdwfedrdwf vdYk rGrJ ,fq&kd if tJ'tD rd f rGrJ mS aygh/ rrGb
J ;l / csr;f om
raumif;bl;vdkY vlawGu,lqw,f/ 'g wpfOD;eJY vdkufwmrS vGefaewmyJ/ olwdkYqDrSm zGwfwufvdkY
wpfOD; ,lqrIrwlMubl;/ wcsdKUu iSufqdkwm olU rGJw,fqdkwJh t,ltqvJ r&Sdbl;/ vif;wem;vdkY
[mol atmfcsifatmfwwfwmyJav? jrefrmvlrsdK; 'kua&mufw,fqdkwJh t,ltqvnf; r&Sdbl;/
awGuvmMunfh? tdrfay: vif;wem;w,f qdkvdkY 'gawGu t,ltqeJY ywfoufNy;D rSeu f efrrI &Sb d ;l ?
&Sd&if jrefrmvlrsdK;awG awmfawmfaMumufMuw,f? pGJvef;vGef;vdkY pdwfpGJ&if Oyg'gef jzpfwmyJ&Sdw,f/
tdE, d Edik if o
H mG ;Munf?h wdu k af y:rSm vif;w(Vif;w) tJ'Dvdk Oyg'gefjzpfvmvdkY&Sd&if aysmufuif;zdkY
BuD;awGem;vnf; bmrS*krpdkufbl;? ukvm;jynf qdw k [ hJ mwpfcu k rSeu f efwehJ nf;vrf;wpfcu k kd 'DrmS
oGm;Munf&h if wdu k af y:rSm vif;wBu;D awGem;aeMu jyxm;wm&Sdw,f/ tm;vHk; 'D*gxmudk Mum;vnf;
w,f/ Mum;zl;Muw,f? emvnf;emzl;Muw,f/ oHCmawG
jrefrmvlrsdK;awGu ,lqao;w,f? zGwf &Gww f mvJ Mum;zl;Muvdrrhf ,faemf/ tJ'D t"dym ,f
wuf&if rGJw,fwJh/ bkef;BuD;wdkY oD[dkVfaewkef;u udk rSwfom;MuzdkYaygh/ eHeufrdk;aomuf tvif;
bke;f Bu;D wdaYk ewJh tJ't D rd rf mS (0gwGi;f ur|mef;jyzdYk a&mufvdkY udk,fpdwfxJrSm tdyfrufraumif;wm
oGm;aewJhtcsdef) zGwfBuD; wpfaumifu nnqdk rufNyD qdkvdkY&Sd&if bmvkyfrvJ/ bk&m;udk&Sdcdk; tmHk
trdk;ay:wuftdyfw,f? tNrJwef;yJ/ eHeufus&if jyKNy;D wJt h cgrSm-
tJ'Day:u qif;vmw,f? vlvJ raMumufbl;?
&JU pGrf;tm;uvnf; tifrwefrS BuD;rm;w,f/ w,f/ wu,f ud, k [ hf mud, k f opmqdNk y;D awmh ud, k f
avmurSm &[Emyk*Kd vaf wGqw kd m&Sw
d ,f/ &[Em vdkcsifwJht&mwpfckudk awmif;vdkY&Sd&if opm&JU
yk*Kd vaf wG[mvnf; pGr;f tm;tifrwefrBS u;D w,f/ pGr;f tm;[m&Sw d ,f/
tJ'D t&SifjrwfawG&JU pGrf;tm;[m uREkfyftwGuf r,Hk&ifawmh vkyfMunfhaygh/ wpfcgwnf;eJY
tapmifhta&Smuf jzpfygw,f/ awmh &csirf &S rSmaygh/ bmjzpfvw Ykd ek ;f qdak wmh opm
'g tifrwefaumif;wJh t"dym,f/ bk&m;? pum;[m rSeu f efzv Ykd v J t
kd yfw,f/ rSerf eS u f efuef
w&m;? oHCmudk udk,fuowd&NyD;awmh tapmifh vJ qdk&r,f/ pdwfpGrf;tm;awGtm;vHk; toHk;csNyD;
ta&SmufvkyfwJh t"dym,fyJjzpfw,f/ tJ'Dawmh awmhvkyfzdkY vdktyfw,f/
eHeufcif;rSm tdrt f jyifxuG ?f c&D;oGm;tvkyvf yk w
f hJ opmqdw k m rSew f mudak jymwm? ud, k [ hf mud, k f
tcgrSm 'Dvdk tumtuG,f tapmifhta&Smuf vnf; opmqdkvdkY&w,f/ udk,fh[mudk,fqdk&if
av;eJY vkyfoGm;zdkYtwGuf ykAPSokwfxJrSm 'gudk trSm;&Sdcsif&Sdaer,f/ 'gaMumifhrdkY &wemoHk;yg;eJY
vnf; xnfhoGif;NyD; a&;om;xm;wm/ 'gu ywfoufwJh opmqdkyHkudk &weokwfuae,lNyD;
eHygwf(4) *gxm/ eHeufcif;rSm opmqdkEdkifatmifvdkY 'DrSmxnfhoGif;
aemuf eHygwf(5? 6? 7) tJ'D*gxm (3)yk'fu xm;wm/
&weokwfrSm ygNyD;om;/ opmqdkwmjzpfw,f/ 'g reufrdk;aomuf tdyf&mu xvmvdkY&Sd&if
avmurSm opm[m tpGrf;wefcdk; tifrwefrS vky&f r,fh tvkyu f av;awGy/J tvkyo f mG ;Ny?D
xufw,f/ vlawGu opmqdrk I tifrwefreS nf;Mu wpfcck vk yk if ef;udik wf mawGvyk Nf yD qdv k &Ykd &dS if tckvkd
26 a'gufwm t&Sief Ermvmbd0o
H ykAP
o
S w
k f tESpcf sKyf 27
opmav;qdkaygh/ opmqdkwm udk,fhtwGufwif Opm? 'DvUl jynfrmS &Sw d [hJ ma&m? wjcm;avmurSm
r[kwfbl;? udk,fh&JU ywf0ef;usiftwGufyg tukef &Sw
d mawGa&m? ewfjynfrmS &Sw d mawGa&m? avmu
ygw,f/ Munfhav/ rSm &wemawG[m urmrSm&Sw d ,f/ ]],H udOd} }
,H udOd 0dwH " 0g [k&H 0g? d rQ &wemawGtm;vH;k ? ]]e aem orH twd
&So
oa*ok 0g ,H &weH yPDwH? wxm*awe}} jrwfpmG bk&m;qdw k &hJ wemeJY wlwhJ
e aem orH twd wxm*awe? &wem r&Syd gbl;/
'rd Aka' &weH yPDw?H vlawGyikd q f ikd Mf uwJh pdeyf jJ zpfjzpf? a&TyjJ zpfjzpf?
{awe oape ok0wd a[mwk/ aiGyjJ zpfjzpf? ausmufoyH wjrm;awGyjJ zpfjzpf tJ'D
'rd "ar &weH yPDw?H &wemawG ajrmufrsm;pGm&Sw d ,f/ urmrSm&Sw d hJ 'D
{awe oape ok0wd a[mwk/ &wemawG&UJ wefz;kd [m jrwfpmG bk&m;wnf;[laom
'rd oHaC &weH yPDwH? &wemudk rrDygbl;/ 'Dvq kd v
kd wkd ,f/ tJ'g[m rSeu f ef
{awe oape ok0wd a[mwk/ aom pum;wpfcjk zpfw,f/
bk&m;? w&m;? oHCmeJyY wfoufNy;D opmqdyk kH ]]'rd Aka' &weH}} avmurSm&Sw d hJ &wem
udMk unf/h Armvdk t"dym ,fuvnf; &Si;f &Si;f yJ/ awGxuf ydNk y;D awmh xl;jrwfw&hJ wem? ESpo f ufp&m
]],H udOd 0dwH " 0g [k&H 0g? oa*ok 0g ,H aumif;wJh oDv? orm"d? ynmqdw k hJ 'D xl;jcm;wJh
&weH yPDw}H } 'Dvq kd v kd ,f/ tJ'aD wmh ]],H udOd
kd w wefz;kd &Sv
d w
S w hJ &m;awG jrwfpmG bk&m;&JU oEmefrmS
0dwH}} avmurSm ESpo f ufp&maumif;vSwhJ ypn;f &Sw
d ,f? w&m;rSm &Sw d ,f? oHCmrSm &Sw d ,f/ tJ'D
aemufNy;D awmh qE'd yd g '? qE[m pGr;f aqmif tvGefrGefjrwfwJh pdwf"mwfvdkY ac:w,faemf/)
EdkifwJh wefcdk;&JU NyD;pD;atmifjrifrI&JU taMumif; r*FvmeJY jynfph ykH gap/
w&m;vdYk 'Dvakd [mxm;wm&Sw d ,f/ tJ'gaMumifrh v Ykd Ykd &uEK oAa'0wm- ewfawGu tm;vH;k udk
pdwq f Eqw kd m tvGeBf u;D rm;w,f/ 'D wpfcw k if apmifah &Smufygap/ 'gvnf; aumif;wJq h Ey?J ol
Bu;D rm;wmr[kwb f ;l ? pdwqf E&NdS yD qdvk &Ykd &dS if ud,k f apmifhwm rapmifhwm udk,feJYrqdkifbl;? udk,fu
vkycf siw f mawGu jzpfvmwwfw,faygh? 'gaMumifh apmifyh gapvdYk 'Dvakd jymwm/ 'gudak jymr,fq&kd if ewf
rdkYvdkY qEjyKwJhtaeeJY bmvkyf&rvJqdkawmh tm;udk;wmvm;qdk&if r[kwfbl;? ewftm;udk;vdkY
*gxmav;oH;k yk'u f kd wifjyxm;w,f/ ajymwmr[kwb f ;l ? ewfawGuvnf; avmuudk
b0wk oAr*FvH &uEK oAa'0wm? apmifah &SmufwmawG &Sw d maygh/ tJ'v
D akd pmifah &Smuf
oAA'k g Ekbma0e? o'g okcD b0EK aw/ rIawG&SdvdkY ewfawGu trSwfwrJh raebJeJY
Munf?h qEjyKwm? ud, k uhf ukd ,
kd f eHeufr;kd aomuf apmifah &SmufMuygap/
tvif;a&mufvYkd tdy&f muxvdu k &f if qEjyKvu kd ?f ewfuom apmifah &Smufwmvm;? vlvcl si;f a&m
b,fvkd qEjyK&rSmvJ? ]]b0wk oAr*Fv}H } r*Fvm rapmifah &Smufb;l vm;? apmifah &Smufw,fav/
taygif;eJY canmif;jynfph ykH gap? aumif;jrwfwhJ tdref ;D em;csi;f vlawG rSmoGm;wm? tdru f Mkd unfv h u kd f
r*FvmawG uREkfyfoEmefrSm jzpfygap? trsm; prf;yg? Munhrf ay;bl;vm;? qdik af v;Munfv h u
kd pf rf;
ow0gawGrmS jzpfygap/ (b,favmufaumif;wJh ygqdk? 'g apmifha&Smufay;w,fvdkY ac:w,f/
qEv?J olrsm;udEk ydS pf ufzYkd yg&JUvm;? 'DxrJ mS rygbl;/ taMumif;udp& v dS &Ykd &dS if owif;ydaYk y;w,f? 'g
apmifah &Smufw,fvaYkd c:wmyJ/ tJ'aD wmh vlvcl si;f [m ewfu ulnw D m? ewfu wHigavSa,mif
vnf; arwm&S&d ifapmifw h ,f? arwmr&S&d if 'Dtwdik ;f [efaqmifNy;D awmh ulno D mG ;wm/ tJ'eD wfukd
Munfah erSmyJ/ ewfawGuv kd nf;yJ ud, k uf arwm r[m*D&ed wfvaYkd c:w,f? usepf pfom;eJY qkawmif;
&Sdatmif arwmyGm;NyD;awmhxm;&if ewfawG&JU zuf? twdwb f 0wke;f u rdwaf qG? oluaeNy;D awmh
apmifah &SmufraI &m rcH&bl;vm;? cH&w,f/ 'gu ulnw D ,fvYkd 'Dvakd jymw,f/
avmu&JUobm0yJaemf/ ud, k ef cYJ ifrifw?hJ arwm tJ'Dawmh avmurSm wpfcgwpfcg ulnDrI
&Sw
d yhJ *k Kd vf qdv
k &Ykd &dS if ud, k u hf pd u kd vmvkyaf y;rSmyJ/ awG&w dS ,f/ tJ'aD wmh ulnw D ,fqw kd m ewfBu;D u
tJ'aD wmh ewfawGuvnf; ud, k u f arwmydYk tcRet f wufeq YJ if;vmNy;D 'Dvu kd w
l m r[kwb f ;l /
w,f? trQa0w,fqdkawmh olwdkYuvnf; udk,fh tJ'v D q kd &kd ifvnf; vluaMumufNy;D awmh ajy;rSmav/
tay:rSm cifrifMuw,f? cifrifawmh apmifah &Smuf ewfjrif&if vlu raMumufb;l rxife?YJ aMumufNy;D
ygapqdak wmh vlawGrodvu kd wf uhJ pd u kd ewfuae ajy;rSmyJ/ tJ'gaMumifrh v Ykd Ykd ewfjrifwt hJ cgusawmh
xde;f odr;f apmifah &Smufay;w,f/ 'grsKd ;udk qdv k wkd m vlawGu aMumufvefrY mS pd;k vdYk ewfawGuvnf;
aemf/ vlawGukd ulnw D t
hJ cgrSm vlwpfa,mufa,mifyJ
Munfyh gvm;? yk*&H mZ0ifrmS usepf pfrif;(usepf pf aqmifNy;D ulnw D m/ 'Dvq kd v kd wkd maemf/
om;) udk taemf&xmu zrf;qD;zdYk vdu k wf t
hJ cgrSm ud, k u f aeylxrJ ,f &yfNy;D awmh um;apmifah e
olajy;&w,f/ ajy;wJt h cgrSm jrpfujkd zwfu;l wJt h cg r,f? bwfpu f m;u rvmEdik b f ;l ? oGm;csiaf ew,f/
wHigavSwpfp;D u [db k ufurf;udk ydaYk y;w,f/ tJ'g odaYk omf tem;em;u jzwfomG ;wJh um;wpfp;D u
34 a'gufwm t&Sief Ermvmbd0o
H ykAP
o
S w
k f tESpcf sKyf 35
vlMuKH vw Ykd ifomG ;w,fqw kd mawGa&m rMuKH wwfz;l ]]te0Z okc0dyguvuPm}} tjypfuif;Ny;D awmh
vm;? MuKH wwfw,f/ ewfurw,fqw kd m wpfcg csr;f omokcudk jzpfapwwfwm ukov kd /f tJ'gaMumifh
wpf&H tJ'grsKd ;udk ajymwmaemf/ ud, k o f mG ;csiw f hJ ukov kd af umif;rIqw kd m vkyMf u&w,f/
udpw pfc?k ud, k v
f yk cf siw f hJ udpa v;wpfc[ k m bk&m;udk tmHjk yKvu kd v f Ykd &vmwJu h ok v kd ?f
wpfcgwpfav avsmavsmvsLvsLeJY odonfjzpfap? w&m;udk tmHjk yKvu kd v f Ykd &vmwJu h o k v kd ?f oHCmudk
rodonfjzpfap ud, k u hf kd ulno D mG ;wJv h al wGeYJ tmHjk yKvu kd v
f Ykd &vmwJu h o k v kd ?f tJ'u D ok v kd &f UJ
MuKH wwfw,faygh? tJ'v D q kd v kd w kd maemf/tJ'gaMumifh pGr;f tm;aMumifh csr;f omMuygap 'Dvq kd w kd m/ tJ'D
Yk Ykd ]]&uEK oAa'0wm}} ewfawGu apmifah &Smuf
rdv awmh reufr;kd vif;wJt h csed u f av;rSm bk&m;? w&m;?
ygap? ulnyD gap/ oHCm &wemoH;k yg;udk tmHjk yKvu kd rf ,fq&kd if
oAAk'g Ekbma0e o'g okcD b0EK aw}} r*Fvmvnf; jzpfvmr,f? ewfawGuvnf; ud, k u hf kd
bk&m;udk tmHjk yKNy;D awmh &vdu k w f uhJ o k v kd af wG[m apmifha&Smufvmr,f/ csrf;omokc qdkwmvnf;
csr;f omokcudk ay;Edik w f ,f/ 'gaMumifrh Ykd bk&m;udk &vmEdkifw,f/ taMumif;w&m;udk ajymjywm?
tmHjk yKw,f/ bk&m;udk tmHjk yKvYkd jzpfay:vmwJh rvky&f if r&bl;ayghaemf/ ud, k o hf EmefrmS aumif;usKd ;
ukov kd pf w d af wG ud,k &hf ifxEJ v S ;kH xJrmS jzpfvmw,f/ csr;f omudk vdck si&f if aumif;usKd ;csr;f om&jcif;&JU
tJ'u D o k v kd wf &m;awGu vlawG&UJ oEmefrmS csr;f om taMumif;udk vky&f w,f/ 'guawmh obm0yJav/
okcudk jzpfay:apw,f/ 'gu ukov kd u f rS csr;f om rvkyv f uYkd awmh bmrSr&bl;qdw k m aocsmw,f/
okcudk jzpfapw,fqw kd m trSeyf /J ukov kd qf w kd m
tJ'aD wmh vkyw f maMumifh &Edik w f thJ vkyrf sKd ;udk qif;&J? aojcif;qif;&JuvGww f o hJ l &S&d UJ vm;? r&Sb d ;l ?
vkyMf u&w,f/ tJ'aD wmh vlawG[m tm;vH;k 'kua &mufaeMuwm/
aemufwpfcu k bmwke;f qd&k if bk&m;*kPu f kd tJ'g oem;p&mtaumif;qH;k yJaygh/
tmHjk yKwohJ abm/ 'Djh yif'u k q
w
kd m a&mufcsirf aS &mufw,fav/
r[mumkPdaum emaxm?[dwm, oAygPdeH/ pm;0wfaea&; rajyvnfwm vlwikd ;f r[kwb f ;l /
yla&wGm yg&rD oAm? yawm oarm"drkwrH/ pD;yGm;a&; rajyvnfwmvnf; vlwikd ;f r[kwb f ;l /
bk&m;udk tmHjk yKvu kd wf ,f? bk&m;[m ow0g vlwikd ;f jzpfaewJ'h u k u
tdjk cif;qif;&J? emjcif;qif;&J?
awG 'kua &mufaewmudk tifrwefrS oem;w,f/ aojcif;qif;&Jy/J tJ'guae a&Smifvv JT rYkd &bl;/
'kua &mufw,fqw kd m vlawGuxifw,f? vlwikd ;f tJ'gawGudkjrifNyD;awmh jrwfpGmbk&m;u 'D
'kur a&mufb;l vdx Yk ifwm? [kww f ,f? ra&mufwhJ tdjk cif;qif;&J? emjcif;qif;&J? aojcif;qif;&JawGu
'ku ra&mufb;l / odaYk omf vlwikd ;f a&mufaewJ'h u k vGww f ehJ nf;vrf;ud&k &Szd Ykd qdNk y;D awmh tifrwefrS
u odw,fr[kwv f m;/ vlwikd ;f bm'kua &mufae ukPmBu;D rm;wJh jrwfpmG bk&m;[m yg&rDawGukd
vJq&kd if wpfaeYNy;D wpfaeYtv kd mwJh Z&m'ku? em&wJh jznfu h siNhf y;D awmh xdk tdjk cif;qif;&J? emjcif;qif;&J?
Asm"d'ku? ao&wJh r&P'ku vlwikd ;f ra&mufb;l aojcif;qif;&Ju vGwfajrmufaMumif;jzpfwJh
vm;/ tJ'gu wpfb0vm;? b0aygif;ajrmufjrm;pGm w&m;xl; w&m;jrwfukd odatmifBuKd ;pm;cJv h Ykd bk&m;
vm;/ tJ''D u k u
bmvlrsKd ;jzpfjzpf? bm bmom0if tjzpfoaYkd &mufomG ;w,f/ tJ'g[m rSeu f efaom
jzpfjzpf &vmwmeJw Y pfNyKd ief uf tdjk cif;qif;&J? emjcif; pum; wpfcyk /J vH;k 0 vGrJ mS ;jcif; r&Sb d ;l / tJ'D
38 a'gufwm t&Sief Ermvmbd0o
H ykAP
o
S w
k f tESpcf sKyf 39
rSeu f efaompum;udk qd&k jcif;aMumifh tm;vH;k ESpof ufru I kd wd;k yGm;apwwfwhJ jrwfpmG bk&m;ocif
ow0gawG csr;f omMuygapvdYk 'gu opmqdNk y;D ud,k af wmfjrwf? ]]Z,aEm aAm"d,m rlav}}
awmh arwmydw Yk o hJ abmyJaemf/ aAm"dyif&if;rSm rm&fewf&UJ &efukd atmifcw hJ ,f?
aemufwpfcu k bmajymwke;f qdk avmuvlawG omuD0ifrif;awG&UJ ESpo f ufjrwfE;kd rIukd wd;k wufap
[m bmudpj zpfjzpf atmifcsiMf uw,f/ atmifcsif wJh bk&m;tavmif;[m aAm"dyif&if;rSm atmifyBJG u;D
w,fqw kd m atmifcsiNf yq D v kd &Ykd &dS if atmifwyhJ *k Kd vf &cJwh ,fqw kd m [kww f ,f? rSew f ,f/ vH;k 0 tH;I
&JU*kPu f kd tmHjk yKwm[m 'g[m rSeu f efw,f? r&Sw d hJ atmifyBJG u;D ud&k w,f/
obm0usw,f/ ydu k q f v H ckd si&f if ydu k q f &H w dS yhJ *k Kd vf ]]{0ar0 Za,m a[mwk}} tJ'v D kd atmifjrifrI
qD oGm;&rSmvm;? ydu k q f rH &Sw d yhJ *k Kd vq f D oGm;&rSm uREyfk rf mS jzpfygap? 'gvnf; wish yJ/ qEuakd jymwm/
vm;/ ydu k q f &H w
dS yhJ *k Kd vq f o D mG ;rS ydu k q f &H Edik rf mS aygh/ qE&&dS if wu,fq h EBu;D vd&Yk &dS if jzpfvmwmyJ/
ynmvdck si&f if ynm&Sw d yhJ *k Kd vq f D oGm;&r,f/ 'g[m tJ'grsKd ; ud, k o hf EmefrmS jzpfygap/ ]]{0ar0 Za,m
obm0yJ/ tJ'aD wmh atmifjrifcsi&f if atmify&JG wJh a[mwk? Z,k Z,r*Fav}} atmifr*FvmawG
yk*Kd vqf yD J oGm;&rSmaygh/ rSm atmifjrifru I kd uREyfk &f csiyf gw,f? &yg&apvdYk
tJ'gaMumifrh v Ykd Ykd 'D*gxmav; qdx k m;yHu k Mkd unf/h qdwk hJ qEjyKw*hJ gxm/
]]Z,aEm aAm"d,m rlav? ousmeH eEd0aem}} tJ'aD wmh reuftyd &f muxNy;D awmh 'DaeY
rSm ]]ousmeH eEd0aem}}qdw k m omuD0ifrif;om; vkyif ef;udik if ef;awG vkypf &mawG&w dS ,f? oGm;p&m
awGxrJ mS tvGeEf pS o f ufru I ?kd omuD0ifvrl sKd ;awG&UJ awG&w dS ,f? vmp&mawG&w dS ,f/ b0rSm atmifjrifrI
udk &csiw f ,f/ 'gaMumifrh Ykd atmify&JG wJh jrwfpmG vnf;yJ tJ'v D kd taumif;qH;k ? tjrwfq;kH ? tnGeq Yf ;kH
bk&m;&JU*kPu f kd acwcPav; tmHjk yKNy;D awmh ud&k Ny;D 0rf;omMunfE;l yg&ap? 'Dvq kd v
kd w
kd maemf/
uREyfk vf nf;yJ atmifyg&apvdq Yk w kd m/ tJ'gaMumifhrdkYvdkY 'D bk&m;udk tmHkjyKNyD;awmh
'gu taMumif;eJYtusdK; rqDavsmfbl;vm;? 0rf;ajrmufz, G jf zpfwhJ &ifxJ ESv;kH xJrmS MunfE;l
qDavsmw f ,f/ bk&m;u ud, k u hf kd rwmr[kwb f ;l ? zG,&f mawGukd 'Dvt kd mHjk yKwmwJ/h 'gu a&SUydik ;f rSm
'gu ud, k &hf UJ &ifxEJ v S ;kH xJrmS 'DqEawG Bu;D yGm; xnfo h iG ;f Ny;D awmh reufyikd ;f rSm qifjcifpOf;pm;zdYk
vmatmifvyk w f myJ&wdS ,f/ tJ'v D kd rSerf eS u
f efuef ajymwm/
odzYdk vdtk yfwmaygh/ tJ'Dawmh aumif;aom eHeufcif;jzpfzdkY?
tJ'geJY qufNy;D awmh ajymyHu k - aumif;aomeuwfeJY MuHK&zdkY ta&;BuD;w,f/
ty&mZdwyauF? oDao ykxk 0dykuav? aumif;uifueuwaf wGuMkd unfNh y;D aA'ifq&mawG
tbdaoau oAA'k g eH? t*ya wm yarm'wd/ u wGuMf uw,f/ 'DaeY euwaf umif;w,f (od)Yk
bk&m;tqlql[m ty&mZdw yvifxuf &ufaumif;w,f? &ufraumif;bl;eJY ajymMuw,f
aAm"dyifatmufu tifrwefx;l jrwfwahJ jrvTmay: av/ 'DaeYu jy'g;Bu;D ? 'DaeYu &uf&mZmeJY
rSm ty&mZdwyvix f ufrmS aeNy;D wJt h cg bk&m;&Sif qdNk y;D awmh &ufaumif;w,f raumif;bl; a&G;Mu
tm;vH;k awG&UJ *kPx f ;l 0daooawGukd &&Sad wmfrcl hJ w,fr[kwv f m;/ uaeYxd Ak'b momawG a&G;wke;f
Muw,f/ &&So d nfh twGuaf Mumifh avmurSm yJ/ &ufa&G;wm[maemf/ tpGt J vef;ub,favmuf
tjrwfq;kH jzpfvYkd 0rf;omMunfE;l rIMuKH &w,f/ uREyfk f Bu;D w,fqw kd mMunf/h jrwfpmG bk&m;u a[mxm;
42 a'gufwm t&Sief Ermvmbd0o
H ykAP
o
S w
k f tESpcf sKyf 43
tJ'gaMumifrh v Ykd Ykd ykAP o S wk rf mS jrwfpmG bk&m; r&Sbd ;l / odaYk omf vlawGu taumif;tqd;k qdw k m
u twdtvif; a[mxm;w,f/ eHeufcif;rSm euwu f ykd o
J mG ;&Smw,f/ ud, k &hf ifxuJ t&mudak wmh
tjypfuif;wJh tawG;awGawG;r,f? tjypfuif;wJh arhaew,f/ ud, k [ hf mud, k f pOf;pm;Munf?h ud, k hf
tajymawGajymr,f? tjypfuif;wJt h vkyaf wG vkyf oEmefrmS jzpfaewJh avmbawG? a'goawG? rmef
r,f/ qdv k w kd mu reufcif;rSm um,okpdu k ?f 0pD rmeawG? mawGuakd wmh taumif;xifaeMu
okpdu k ?f raemokpdu k q f w
kd hJ tusiw hf &m;awG wmaemf/ b,fou l rS ud, k v hf mqGrJ ac:bl;/ qGaJ c:
usiMhf uBH uKd ;ukwf tm;xkwrf ,fq&kd if tJ'eD eH ufcif; oGm;wmu ud, k &hf ifxjJ zpfwhJ avmb? a'goawGu
[m aumif;aom eHeufcif;yg/ aeYv,fcif;rSm qGaJ c:oGm;wmav/
aumif;wm ajymw,f? aumif;wm awG;w,f? uJMunf?h avmurSmvlq;kd jzpfw,f? 'D&mZ0wfrI
aumif;wmvkyfw,f qdkvdkY&Sd&ifvnf; aumif;wJh udk usL;vGew f ,fqw kd hJ vlawG[m b,fou l olUudk
aeYv,fcif;jzpfygw,f/ naecif;rSmvnf;yJ tjypf usL;vGefcdkif;wmwkef;/ olUpdwfuyJ usL;vGefwm
uif;wJh tawG;awGawG;w,f? tjypfuif;wJph um; r[kwv f m;/ olUoEmefrmS jzpfwhJ tukov kd wf &m;
awGajymw,f? tjypfuif;wJh tvkyaf wGvyk v f &Ykd &dS if awGu 'Dtvkyaf wGukd vkyaf pwm/ cH&awmh olyJ
aumif;aomnaecif; jzpfygw,f/ 'Dvq kd v kd w kd m cH&wmav/
aemf/ tJ'gaMumifrh v Ykd Ykd ud,
k &hf ifxrJ mS jzpfwhJ t&mawG
tJ'gaMumifrh v Ykd Ykd aumif;wmvkyw f yhJ *k Kd vt f zdYk [m? ud, k phf w
d x f rJ mS jzpfwhJ raumif;wJh oabmxm;
b,fawmhjzpfjzpf euwu f taumif;yJw/hJ tqd;k awG[m tifrwefrS aMumufp&maumif;w,f/
46 a'gufwm t&Sief Ermvmbd0o
H ykAP
o
S w
k f tESpcf sKyf 47
tJ'v D kd avmb? a'go? arm[awGenf;atmif jzpfatmif BuKd ;pm;&rSm/ tJ'v D kd BuKd ;pm;zdqYk vkd w kd m/
BuKd ;pm;wJt h csed [f m ]]okeuw}H } aumif;aomeuwf aeYpOfvyk af ewJh tvkyaf wGjzpf&r,f? [kw&f UJ vm;/
yJw/hJ ud, k t hf wGuf ]]okr*Fv}H } r*Fvmt&Sq d ;kH tcsed f ud, k t hf rd rf mS ae&if;xdik &f if;eJY aumif;aom
yJw/hJ tJ't D csed [f m pdwq f ;kd aewJth csed [ f m r*Fvm rdk;aomufjzpfzdkY? aumif;aom euwfeJYMuHKwJh
r&Sq d ;kH tcsed yf v
J Ykd 'Dvrkd wS x f m;/ pdwrf qd;k bl;? arwm tcsed yf ikd ;f jzpfz?Ykd aumif;wJrh *Fvm&Sw d hJ tcsed jf zpfz&Ykd m
bm0em yGm;aew,f? wpfa,mufew YJ pfa,muf udk,fhoEmefrSm aumif;wJhpdwf"mwfawG jzpfae
oifo h ifjh rwfjrwf &Sad ew,f? rdwaf qGrysub f ;l atmif BuKd ;pm;&r,f/ arwmyGm;aer,f? tqifrajy
qd&k if r*Fvm&Sw d t hJ csed w f pfcyk vJ Ykd 'Dvrkd wS w f ,f/ wJo h al wGukd ukPmxm;r,f? tqifajywJv h al wG
]]okybmwH}} bk&m;? w&m;? oHCmudk tmHjk yKNy;D tay:rSm rk'w d myGm;r,fq&kd if 'g tifrwefrS
awmh Ed;k vmvd&Yk &dS if aumif;aomeHeufcif;jzpfvm aumif;jrwfwphJ w d af wGvYkd 'Dvakd jymwmaemf/
w,f/ ]]ok[k|dwH}} tdy&f mu Ed;k xvmwJt h cg tJ'v D akd evd&Yk &dS if ]]okcaPm okrk[kawmp}}
EIwfcrf;BuD;plNyD;awmh Edk;xwmr[kwfbl;? trsm; arwmydw Yk t hJ csed af v;? ukov kd &f wJt h csed af v;[m
ow0gawG csrf;omMuygapqdkwJh tawG;av;eJY taumif;qH;k tcsed af v;yJ/ taumif;qH;k tcsed yf ikd ;f
Ed;k xvm&if 'g taumif;qH;k tdy&f muxjcif;yJ av;/ tJ'v D kd taumif;qH;k tcsed yf ikd ;f av; ud, k hf
jzpfw,faygh/ tJ'v D kd aeYpOfet YJ rQ taumif;qH;k oEmefrmS trsm;Bu;D jzpfvmatmif vkyzf v Ykd t kd yf
rd;k aomufcsed jf zpfzeYkd YJ taumif;qH;k tdy&f muxjcif; w,f/ 'Dvq kd v
kd w kd m/
jzpfatmif rBuKd ;pm;oifb h ;l vm;? BuKd ;pm;&rSm/ 'gawG
50 a'gufwm t&Sief Ermvmbd0o
H ykAP
o
S w
k f tESpcf sKyf 51
pdwx f u J MupH nfwhJ trIawG[mvnf;yJ Bu;D yGm; um;0,fvmEdik w f ,faygh/ jrifrh vmbl;vm;/ pD;yGm;
wdk;wufzdkYtwGuf jzpfvmw,f/ ]]yPD"daw a&;eJY ywfoufvYkd tJ'v D kd jrifv
h movdyk J pdwaf e
y'uP d m}} ud, k phf w
d qf EawG? pdwx f u J awmifw h rI? pdwx f m;awG? ukov kd w f &m;awGuv kd nf; wk;d jri hf
&nfoefraI wG[mvnf;yJ Bu;D yGm;wd;k wufwhJ &nf&, G f wd;k jri vhf yk wf t hJ cg vlwpfa,muf[m b0rSm jrifjh rifh
csuaf wG 'Dvjkd zpfvmw,fw/hJ vmwmyJ/ b0wpfcek w YJ pfck olu jrifjh rifo h mG ;w,f/
tJ'v D kd um,uH? 0pDu?H raemuHeYJ tawG; tJ'gudak jymwm/
tMuaH wG[m aumif;vmNyD qdv k &Ykd &dS if bmjzpfvJ ]]y'uP d med uwGme? vbEaw y'uad P}}
qdak wmh ]]vbEaw y'udaP}} aumif;jrwfwhJ aumif;wmawGvyk w f hJ yk*Kd vf wpfa,muf[m
tusKd ;aus;Zl;awGukd ol&vmr,fw/hJ 'Dvq kd v kd wkd m aumif;wJhtusKd;awGudk&w,f/ &vmwJh twGuf
aemf/ ]]y'uP d med uwGme? vbEaw y'uad P}} aMumifh ol[m tqifjh rifjh rifNh y;D awmhomG ;w,f/ ]]aw
vkyw f t hJ vkyu f ukd ukov kd af wGvyk w f m? ukov kd af wG twv'g okcdwm? 0dk m Ak'omoae}} tJ'v D kd
qdw k m Bu;D yGm;wd;k wufjcif;&JUtaMumif;jzpfw,f/ aumif;usKd ;csr;f omawG &vmNyD qdv k &Ykd &dS if ]]okcw
d }}
vlwpfa,muf[m pD;yGm;vkyv f Ykd pD;yGm;jzpfvm ud, k pf w d Ef pS jf zm csr;f omw,f/
Nyq D v kd &Ykd &dS if yxr qif;&Jwb hJ 0uae BuKd ;pm; ]]0dk m Ak'o moae}} jrwfpmG bk&m; omoem
vdu k w f t hJ cg wJtrd af v;uae wdu k t f rd af qmufvm rSm pnfyifvmw,fqw kd m bmajymwmvJqakd wmh
Edik w f ,f? pufb;D av; 0,f&muae armfawmf olu ud, k u f sio hf v
D awGev YJ nf; jynfph v kH mw,f?
qdik u f ,f 0,fvmEdik w f ,f? armfawmfqikd u f ,fuae ur|mef;awG ESv;kH oGi;f vmEdik w f ,f/ bm0em
54 a'gufwm t&Sief Ermvmbd0o
H ykAP
o
S w
k f tESpcf sKyf 55
usiphf OfawG usiv hf mw,f? bm0emusiphf OfawG udk wd;k wufjrifrh m;apwJh um,uH? 0pDu?H raemuH
usifhvmvdkY 0dyemw&m;awG tBudrfBudrf awGyJ jzpfw,fw/hJ
tm;xkwv f mEdik w f ,f? wd;k wufvmw,f? rodao; 'gaMumifrh vYkd Ykd jrwfpmG bk&m;ocif ud, k af wmf
wmawG odvmw,f/ bk&m; w&m;awmfawGeJY jrwfu 'D ykAP o S w k u f kd tusO;f csKyf 'Dvakd [mxm;
ywfoufNy;D awmh tqifjh rifv h mw,f/ 'Dvkd qdv k kd wmjzpfw,f/ w&m;emy&dowftaygif; olawmf
wm/ tJ'v D xkd ad tmif jzpfvmEdik w f ,fw/hJ aumif;wd[ Yk m 'Dy&dwBf u;D xJrmS ygwJ?h a&S;q&mawG
tJ'vD jkd zpfvmzdt Yk wGuf use;f rmzdaYk wGbmawG pD&ifxm;wJh *gxmawGa&m? jrwfpmG bk&m;a[mxm;
vdtk yfvYkd tm;vH;k ow0gawGukd use;f rmMuygap wJh *gxmawGa&m? 'D*gxmawGtwdkif; reuf
k meJY aemufuae ]]ta&m*g okcdwm a[mEK?
qdw rd;k aomuf tvif;a&mufwt hJ csed rf mS jzpfap? aeYv,f
o[ oaA[d mwdbd}} wJ/h aqGawGrsKd ;awGeYJ tcgrSmjzpfap? naetcgrSmjzpfap 'Dvrf;pOftwdik ;f
twlwuG ]]ta&m*}} a&m*guif;Muygap? ]]okcw d }} usiMhf uBH uKd ;ukwf tm;xkwo f mG ;Mur,f qdv k &Ykd &dS if
ud,
k pf wd Ef pS jf zm csr;f omMuygap/ reufyikd ;f rSm 'g aumif;aom eHeufcif;? aumif;aom aeYv,fcif;?
arwmyGm;wmyJaygh/ tJ'v D kd arwmESv;kH om;eJY aumif;aom naecif;qdw k hJ tcsed yf ikd ;f awGeMYJ uKH awGU
ud,
k u f aeEdik Nf yD qdv k &Ykd &dS if ud,k &hf UJ pdwu
f av;[m Ny;D awmh? aumif;aomb0Bu;D wpfcv k ;kH udk jzwfoef;
tifrwefrS pifMu,fvmw,f/ pifMu,fvmwJh pdwf Ny;D awmh? aumif;wJb h 0uaeNy;D awmh aemufq;kH rSm
uav;eJY ukov kd af wGjzpfvmvd&Yk &dS if ckeuajymcJw h hJ oHo&m0#fuvGww f hJ edAm efqw kd hJ csr;f omokcudk
um,uHawG? 0pDuaH wG? raemuHawG[m txuf rsuaf rSmufjyKEikd Mf urSm jzpfw,fvYkd ud, k pf D ud, k pf D
oabmusNy;D ykAP oS w
k v
f m usiphf Oftwdik ;f rdrb
d 0
wd;k wufvmatmif usiMhf uBH uKd ;ukwf tm;xkwaf wmf
rlEikd Mf uygapukeof wnf;/