1

KHOA XY DNG V IN

KINH T XY DNG
Chng 4
THIT K TRONG XY DNG
 Gii thiu mn hc

NI DUNG MN HC
Chng m u: i tng, nhim v v phng php
nghin cu ca mn Kinh t xy dng.
Chng 1: T chc qun l xy dng c bn.
Chng 2: Phn tch, nh gi hiu qu kinh t u t.
Chng 3: Tin b k thut v cng ngh trong xy dng.
Chng 4: Thit k trong xy dng.
Chng 5: Lao ng v tin lng trong xy dng.
Chng 6: Vn sn xut v kinh doanh trong xy dng.
Chng 7: Gi thnh trong xy dng.

2
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
NI DUNG
4.1 Nguyn tc v phng chm thit k.
4.2 Ni dung cng tc thit k.
4.3 Cc ch tiu kinh t k thut trong thit k.
4.4 D ton xy dng.

3
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.1 NGUYN TC V PHNG CHM THIT K
4.1.1 Nguyn tc:
- Gii php thit k phi ph hp vi iu kin t nhin ca
t nc, ng li kinh t XH v trnh khoa hc k
thut, iu kin v kh nng thi cng ca t nc. To
iu kin thi cng n gin nht.
- La chn phng n thit k c xem xt ton din trn
cc mt: kinh t, k thut, chnh tr, XH v quc phng.
- Qu trnh thit k cn tn trng quy nh, quy trnh v trnh
t thit k; i t ci chung - tng qut n ci ring chi
tit.

4
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.1 NGUYN TC V PHNG CHM THIT K
4.1.1 Nguyn tc:
- Phng n thit k cn gii quyt cc mu thun:

.
S dng bn chc >< M quan

Tnh lun bin i >< Tnh vnh cu ca

ca cng ngh SX kt cu

Nhim v trc >< Nhim v mang

mt tnh lu di

5
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.1 NGUYN TC V PHNG CHM THIT K
4.1.1 Nguyn tc:
- Phi m bo tnh ng b v hon chnh gia cc b phn
trong phng n thit k cng nh mi lin h n khp
gia cc hng mc vi nhau.
- Tn dng cc thit k mu, thit k nh hnh gim thi
gian v chi ph thit k.
- Phi a ra nhiu phng n so snh la chn phng
n tt nht.

6
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.1 NGUYN TC V PHNG CHM THIT K
4.1.2 Phng chm:
Thch dng, bn vng, tit kim, hp vi m
quan trong iu kin c th

7
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.1 NGUYN TC V PHNG CHM THIT K
4.1.2 Phng chm:
Thch dng:
- p ng tt nht nhu cu s dng: b tr din tch ph hp
nhu cu, giao thng thun li, m bo iu kin v sinh,
quan h vi mi trng v cc cng trnh xung quanh.

Bn vng:
- m bo cng trnh c kt cu hp l vi tng loi ti trng
v tui th cng trnh, la chn s tnh ng n.

8
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.1 NGUYN TC V PHNG CHM THIT K
4.1.2 Phng chm:
Tit kim:
- Ph hp vi yu cu thch dng v bn vng.
- Trong quy hoch.
- Trong thit k.
- Trong thi cng.

M quan:
- Thit k c m thut, m bo ph hp vi phong cch dn
tc, tn dng ci p ca t nhin.

9
 Yu cu i vi thit k xy dng cng
trnh (iu 52, Lut Xy Dng)

1. Thit k xy dng cng trnh phi bo m cc yu cu

chung sau y:
a) Ph hp vi quy hoch xy dng cnh quan, iu kin t
nhin, v cc quy nh v kin trc; d n u t xy dng
cng trnh c ph duyt;
b) Ph hp vi thit k cng ngh trong trng hp d n
u t xy dng cng trnh c thit k cng ngh;
c) Nn mng cng trnh phi bo m bn vng, khng b ln
nt, bin dng qu gii hn cho php lm nh hng n
tui th cng trnh, cc cng trnh ln cn;

10
 Yu cu i vi thit k xy dng cng
trnh (iu 52, Lut Xy Dng)

d) Ni dung thit k xy dng cng trnh phi ph hp vi

yu cu ca tng bc thit k, tha mn yu cu v chc
nng s dng; bo m m quan, gi thnh hp l;
) An ton, tit kim, ph hp vi quy chun, tiu chun
xy dng c p dng; cc tiu chun v phng, chng
chy, n, bo v mi trng v nhng tiu chun lin
quan; i vi nhng cng trnh cng cng phi bo m
thit k theo tiu chun cho ngi tn tt;
e) ng b trong tng cng trnh, p ng yu cu vn hnh, s
dng cng trnh; ng b vi cc cng trnh lin quan.

11
 Yu cu i vi thit k xy dng cng
trnh (iu 52, Lut Xy Dng)

2. i vi cng trnh dn dng v cng trnh cng nghip,

ngoi cc yu cu quy nh ti khon 1 iu ny cn
phi bo m cc yu cu sau y:
a) Kin trc cng trnh phi ph hp vi phong tc, tp qun
v vn ha, x hi ca tng vng, tng a phng;
b) An ton cho ngi khi xy ra s c; iu kin an ton,
thun li, hiu qu cho hot ng cha chy, cu nn; bo
m khong cch gia cc cng trnh, s dng cc vt liu,
trang thit b chng chy hn ch tc hi ca m chy
i vi cc cng trnh ln cn v mi trng xung quanh;

12
 Yu cu i vi thit k xy dng cng
trnh (iu 52, Lut Xy Dng)

c) Cc iu kin tin nghi, v sinh, sc khe cho ngi s

dng;
d) Khai thc ti a thun li v hn ch bt li ca thin
nhin nhm bo m tit kim nng lng.

13
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2 NI DUNG CNG TC THIT K
4.2.1 Cc giai on thit k (M2, 54 Lut Xy dng):
Tu theo tnh cht, quy m ca tng loi cng trnh, thit k
xy dng cng trnh c th c lp mt bc, hai bc
hoc ba bc nh sau:
a) Thit k mt bc (thit k BVTC) c p dng i vi
cng trnh quy nh ch phi lp bo co kinh t - k thut;
b) Thit k hai bc (thit k CS v thit k BVTC c p
dng i vi cng trnh quy nh phi lp d n u t XD
cng trnh;
c) Thit k ba bc (thit k CS, thit k KT v thit k
BVTC c p dng i vi cng trnh quy nh phi lp d
n u t xy dng v c quy m ln, phc tp.

14
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2 NI DUNG CNG TC THIT K
4.2.2 Ni dung cng tc thit k:

Kho st thit k
Thit k k thut

Thit k BVTC
Thm nh,
nghim thu

15
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2 NI DUNG CNG TC THIT K
4.2.2 Ni dung cng tc thit k:
Kho st thit k (6
12 N 209/2004/N-CP):
- Lp nhim v kho st.
- Lp phng n kho st.
- Kho st, bo co kho st.
- Gim st kho st.
- Nghim thu kt qu kho st.

16
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2 NI DUNG CNG TC THIT K
4.2.2 Ni dung cng tc thit k:
- Lp nhim v kho st: TVTK hoc nh thu KS lp
Ch
u t ph duyt.
 Mc ch.
 Phm vi.
 Phng php.
 Khi lng cc loi cng tc kho st d kin.
 Tiu chun kho st p dng.
 Thi gian thc hin kho st.

17
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2 NI DUNG CNG TC THIT K
4.2.2 Ni dung cng tc thit k:
- Phng n kho st: nh thu KS lp
Ch u t ph
duyt.
 Ph hp vi nhim v kho st.
 Tun th cc tiu chun v kho st c p dng.

18
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2 NI DUNG CNG TC THIT K
4.2.2 Ni dung cng tc thit k:
- Cc cng tc kho st:
 Kho st k thut.
 Kho st kinh t.

19
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2 NI DUNG CNG TC THIT K
4.2.2 Ni dung cng tc thit k:
- Kho st k thut.
 Kho st a hnh.
 Kho st a cht, thy vn.
 iu tra kh tng.

20
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2 NI DUNG CNG TC THIT K
4.2.2 Ni dung cng tc thit k:
- Kho st kinh t.
 Tnh hnh cng nghip XD a phng.
 Tnh hnh ti nguyn a phng.
 iu kin giao thng vn ti a phng.
 iu tra c s vt cht k thut khc.
 iu tra ngun nhn lc.
 iu tra kh nng cung cp a nc.

21
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2 NI DUNG CNG TC THIT K
4.2.2 Ni dung cng tc thit k:
- Ni dung bo co kho st
1. Ni dung ch yu ca 7. Phn tch s liu, nh gi
nhim v kho st. kt qu kho st.
2. c im, quy m, tnh 8. xut gii php k thut
cht cng trnh. phc v cho thit k, thi
3. V tr v iu kin t nhin. cng.
4. Tiu chun v kho st 9. Kt lun v kin ngh.
c p dng. 10. Ti liu tham kho.
5. Khi lng kho st. 11. Cc ph lc km theo.
6. Quy trnh, phng php v
thit b kho st.
22
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2 NI DUNG CNG TC THIT K
4.2.2 Ni dung cng tc thit k:
- Gim st kho st:
Theo
Kim di, kimkin
tra iu tra
Nh thu t gim st vic
nngthc hin ng
lc hot theo ng
ca nh
phng
thu kho nst.
k thut c
Ch u t gim st. ch
u t ph
Theo di,duyt.
kim tra v
tr khoGhi
st,chp kt qu
s lng theo
kho
di, kimtrnh
st, quy tra vo
khonht
stk
kho
st xydi
Theo dng.
v yu cu
nh thu kho st thc hin
bo v mi trng v cc
cng trnh trong khu vc
kho st. 23
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2 NI DUNG CNG TC THIT K
4.2.2 Ni dung cng tc thit k:
- Nghim thu bo co kho st
Cn c nghim thu Ni dung nghim thu
Hp ng kho st. nh gi cht lng kho
Nhim v v phng n st so vi nhim v v tiu
kho st c ph chun kho st p dng.
duyt. Kim tra hnh thc v s
Tiu chun p dng. lng bo co kt qu
Bo co kt qu kho st. kho st.
Nghim thu khi lng
cng vic theo hp ng
kho st k
24
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2 NI DUNG CNG TC THIT K
4.2.2 Ni dung cng tc thit k:
Thit k k thut (13 N 209/2004/N-CP, 16
18
N 12/2009/N-CP):
 Thuyt minh:
- Tng qut: Tn cng trnh, a im, cc cn c v c s
lp n thit k, cc thng s v ch tiu thit k.
- Cn c lp thit k k thut.
- Thuyt minh thit k cng ngh.
- Thuyt minh thit k xy dng.

25
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2 NI DUNG CNG TC THIT K
4.2.2 Ni dung cng tc thit k:
Thit k k thut (13 N 209/2004/N-CP, 16
18
N 12/2009/N-CP):
 Bn v: phi th hin chi tit v cc kch thc, thng s k
thut ch yu, vt liu chnh m bo iu kin lp
d ton, tng d ton v lp thit k bn v thi cng cng
trnh xy dng
Hin trng v v tr cng Cc chi tit.
trnh. B tr dy chuyn cng
Tng mt bng. ngh.
Gii php cng ngh. Bo v mi trng,
Gii php kin trc. phng chng chy n, an
Gii php xy dng. ton 26
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2 NI DUNG CNG TC THIT K
4.2.2 Ni dung cng tc thit k:
Thit k k thut (13 N 209/2004/N-CP, 16
18
N 12/2009/N-CP):
 Tng d ton:
- Cc cn c lp d ton.
- Din gii tin lng v cc ph lc.
- Tng hp khi lng xy lp, chng loi v s lng
nguyn vt liu, my mc thit b
- Tng d ton.

27
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2 NI DUNG CNG TC THIT K
4.2.2 Ni dung cng tc thit k:
Thit k k thut (14 N 209/2004/N-CP, 16
18
N 12/2009/N-CP):
a) Thuyt minh phi gii thch y cc ni dung m bn
v khng th hin c ngi trc tip thi cng xy
dng thc hin theo ng thit k;
b) Bn v phi th hin chi tit tt c cc b phn ca cng
trnh, cc cu to vi y cc kch thc, vt liu v
thng s k thut thi cng chnh xc v iu kin
lp d ton thi cng xy dng cng trnh;
c) D ton thi cng xy dng cng trnh.

28
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2 NI DUNG CNG TC THIT K
4.2.2 Thm nh thit k (N 12/2009/N-CP):

Thit k c s BXD d n quan

trong quc gia +
nhm A, S XD
nhm B, C

29
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2.2 Thm nh thit k (N 12/2009/N-CP):

Thit k k thut Ch u t hoc thu t vn t t chc

thm nh, ph duyt.
Ni dung:
-S ph hp vi TKCS.
-S hp l ca gii php kt cu.
-S tun th cc quy chun, tiu chun.
-nh gi mc an ton CT.
-S hp l ca dy chuyn v thit b.
-S tun th cc quy nh v MT, PCCC. 30
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.2.2 Thm nh thit k (N 12/2009/N-CP):

Thit k BVTC Thit k 1 bc: Ch u t thm nh,

ngi quyt nh u t ph duyt.
Thit k 2 bc: Ch u t thm nh v
ph duyt.
Thit k 3 bc: Ch u t xc nhn v
ng du ph duyt trc khi thi cng.
Ni dung: Tng t nh thm nh thit k
k thut.

31
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.3 CC CH TIU KINH T K THUT TRONG THIT K
4.3.1 i vi cc cng trnh cng nghip
4.3.2 i vi cc cng trnh dn dng
4.3.3 i vi cc cng trnh cu ng
4.3.4 i vi cc cng trnh thy li

32
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.3.1 i vi cc cng trnh cng nghip
a. Cc ch tiu v vn u t
- Tng vn u t:
V = VM + VXL + VK
- Sut vn u t:
V
v=
Q
- C cu vn u t: Cc h s khc

V XL VM VK G XD
K= ; ; K=
V V V FSX ; FSD ; FXD ; DXD
33
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.3.1 i vi cc cng trnh cng nghip
b. Cc ch tiu v mt bng v hnh khi
- H s xy dng:
FXDcchangmuc
FXD =
Fchiemdat
- H s mt bng:
FSX FSX chuvi
K MB = ; ;
FXD FSD FXD

34
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.3.1 i vi cc cng trnh cng nghip
b. Cc ch tiu v mt bng v hnh khi
- H s khi tch:
DXD
K KT =
FSX
- Vi DXD: Khi tch xy dng.
n
DXD = FXDi H i
i =1

35
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.3.1 i vi cc cng trnh cng nghip
b. Cc ch tiu v mt bng v hnh khi
- H s kt cu:
FKC
K KC =
FXD

- H s khc:

FSX ; FSD ; FXD

K khc =
Q

36
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.3.1 i vi cc cng trnh cng nghip
c. Cc ch tiu v hao ph lao ng v nguyn vt liu.
d. Cc ch tiu v trnh lp ghp.
e. Cc ch tiu v thi gian xy dng.
f. Cc ch tiu c bit
- Ch tiu khai thc khu t xy dng.
- Ch tiu khi lng san lp mt bng.
- Ch tiu trnh c gii ha.
- Ch tiu kh nng tn dng cc cng trnh c lm ln
tri tm.

37
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.3.2 i vi cc cng trnh dn dng
a. Cc ch tiu v chi ph xy dng:
- Gi tr d ton ca cng trnh.
- Gi thnh mt cn h.
- Gi thnh 1 m2 FXD.
- Gi thnh 1 m2 F.
- Gi thnh 1 m2 FSD.
- Gi thnh 1 m3 DXD.

38
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.3.2 i vi cc cng trnh dn dng
b. Cc ch tiu v mt bng v hnh khi:
- H s mt bng:
K0 = F / FXD (0,50
0,60).
K1 = F / FSD (0,67
0,75).

- H s khi tch xy dng:

K2 = DXD / F (5
7).

39
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.3.2 i vi cc cng trnh dn dng
b. Cc ch tiu v mt bng v hnh khi:
- H s chu vi:
K3 = chu vi / FXD (0,1
0,2).

- H s cu thang:
K4 = FCT / FXD (0,057
0,1).

- H s kt cu:
K5 = FKC / FXD (0,15
0,2).

40
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.3.3 i vi cc cng trnh cu ng
a. Cng trnh ng t
- Hiu qu ti chnh v kinh t x hi.
- Kh nng thng xe / n v thi gian.
- Chiu di, chiu rng tuyn ng.
- Tc xe v sc chu ti ca ng.
- H s gy khc (L/Lcb).
- S ln ngoc bnh qun cho 1 km ng.
- Tr s bnh qun mt gc ngot v tng tr s cc gc
ngot.

41
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.3.3 i vi cc cng trnh cu ng
a. Cng trnh ng t
- Bn knh cc ng vng bnh qun cho mt km ng.
- Tng chiu di cc on ng c dc ln nht.
- S lng cu v tng chiu di cc cu qua sng, cu
vt, hm giao thng
- Chi ph khai thc v s dng ng.
- Thi gian xy dng.

42
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.3.3 i vi cc cng trnh cu ng
b. Cng trnh cu
- Chi ph xy dng v khai thc cu.
- Hiu qu v kinh t x hi.
- Kh nng lu thng, chiu di, chiu rng, sc chu ti.
- Thi gian xy dng cu.
- bn v tui th.
- Kh nng thi cng bng cc loi thit b trong nc.
- Tnh chng xm thc ca m v tr cu.

43
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.3.4 i vi cc cng trnh thy li
a. Cc ch tiu v chi ph
- Chi ph xy dng v khai thc vn hnh cng trnh.
- Chi ph khai ph t ai v khai ph lng h.
- Sut vn u t tnh cho mt n v cng sut.

b. Cc ch tiu v gi tr s dng
- Cng sut phc v.
- Sc cha ca h nc v hiu sut ca h thng.
- H s s dng t nng nghip tng do hiu qu CT.
- Tui th ca kt cu p v lng h,

44
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.3.4 i vi cc cng trnh thy li
c. Cc ch tiu v hnh khi v mt bng
- Ph hp vi l thuyt v thy lc hc.

d. Cc ch tiu v thi cng

- D dng thi cng bng phng tin hin c.
- X l nn mng p t phc tp.
- Bin php dn dng v lp sng hp l.

e. Cc ch tiu khc
- Chi ph di dn t nht.
- Bo v mi trng sinh thi, cc cng trnh hin c,
45
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.1 Khi nim d ton xy dng.
4.4.2 Ni dung chnh ca d ton xy dng.
4.4.3 D ton xy dng
4.4.4 nh mc trong xy dng.
4.4.5 Cc vn bn php l.
4.4.6 Gii thiu d ton nc ngoi.

46
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.1 Khi nim d ton xy dng.
- D ton xy dng (DTXD) c xc nh theo cng trnh
XD c th v l cn c CT qun l chi ph u t XD.
- DTXD l ch tiu biu th gi XD cng trnh trn c s khi
lng cc cng vic c xc nh theo TKKT hoc
TKBVTC, cng vic thc hin v n gi xy dng tng
ng v cc chi ph khc theo quy nh cn thit thc hin
khi lng, cng vic ..
- DTXD bao gm: Chi ph XD, chi ph thit b, chi ph QLDA,
chi ph TV u t XD, chi ph khc v chi ph d phng

47
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG (N 112/2009/N-CP)
4.4.2 Ni dung chnh ca d ton xy dng (GXDCT).
- Chi ph xy dng (GXD).
- Chi ph thit b (GTB).
- Chi ph qun l d n (GQLDA).
- Chi ph t vn u t XD (GTV).
- Chi ph khc (GK).
- Chi ph d phng (GDP).

GXDCT = GXD + GTB + GQLDA + GTV + GK + GDP

48
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.2 Ni dung chnh ca d ton xy dng.
Chi ph xy dng bao gm:
- Chi ph trc tip: chi ph vt liu, chi ph nhn cng, chi ph
s dng my v trc tip ph khc.
- Chi ph chung: chi ph qun l v iu hnh SX ti cng
trng, chi ph phc v cng nhn, chi ph phc v thi cng,
chi ph khc.

49
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.2 Ni dung chnh ca d ton xy dng.
Chi ph thit b bao gm:
- Chi ph mua sm thit b cng ngh
- Chi ph o to v chuyn giao cng ngh.
- Chi ph lp t thit b v th nghim, hiu chnh, chy th.
- Chi ph vn chuyn, bo him thit b t ni mua n chn
cng trnh.
- Thu, ph bo him v cc loi ph c lin quan.

50
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.2 Ni dung chnh ca d ton xy dng.
Chi ph QLDA (TT04/TT-BXD 2010, CV 957/Q-BXD) bao
gm:
- Chi ph t chc lp bo co u t, lp DAT, hoc BCKT-
KT
- Chi ph t chc thc hin cng tc bi thng, gii phng
mt bng, ti nh c.
- Chi ph t chc thi tuyn thit k kin trc.
- Chi ph t chc thm nh DAT, BCKT KT, tng mc
u t, thm tra TKKT, TKBVTC, d ton XD.
- Chi ph t chc la chn nh thu.
- Chi ph t chc qun l cht lng, khi lng, tin v
qun l chi ph.

51
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.2 Ni dung chnh ca d ton xy dng.
Chi ph QLDA (TT04/TT-BXD 2010, CV 957/Q-BXD) bao
gm:
- Chi ph t chc m bo an ton v v sinh mi trng.
- Chi ph t chc lp nh mc, n gi XD.
- Chi ph t chc kim tra cht lng vt liu, kim nh cng
trnh theo yu cu ca CT.
- Chi ph t chc kim tra v chng nhn s ph hp v cht
lng cng trnh.
- Chi ph t chc nghim thu, bn giao cng trnh.
- Chi ph khi cng, khnh thnh, tuyn truyn qung co.
- Chi ph t chc thc hin 1 s cng vic qun l khc.
52
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.2 Ni dung chnh ca d ton xy dng.
Chi ph t vn T XD (TT04/TT-BXD 2010, CV 957/Q-
BXD) bao gm:
- Chi ph lp nhim v kho st XD.
- Chi ph kho st XD.
- Chi ph lp BCT, DAT, BCKT KT.
- Chi ph thm tra tnh hiu qu v kh thi ca d n.
- Chi ph thi tuyn, tuyn chn thit k kin trc.
- Chi ph thit k xy dng cng trnh.
- Chi ph thm tra TKKT, TKBVTC, tng mc u t, d ton
xy dng.
- Chi ph lp HSYC, h s mi s tuyn, HSMT, nh gi
HSX, h s d s tuyn, HSDT.

53
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.2 Ni dung chnh ca d ton xy dng.
Chi ph t vn T XD (TT04/TT-BXD 2010, CV 957/Q-
BXD) bao gm:
- Chi ph gim st kho st XD, gim st thi cng XD, gim
st lp t thit b.
- Chi ph lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng.
- Chi ph lp nh mc XD, n gi XD.
- Chi ph kim sot chi ph u t XD.
- Chi ph qun l chi ph u t XD, tng mc u t, d ton
cng trnh, nh mc XD, n gi XD, hp ng trong hot
ng XD
- Chi ph t vn QLDA (trng hp thu TV).

54
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.2 Ni dung chnh ca d ton xy dng.
Chi ph t vn T XD (TT04/TT-BXD 2010, CV 957/Q-
BXD) bao gm:
- Chi ph gim st kho st XD, gim st thi cng XD, gim
st lp t thit b.
- Chi ph lp bo co nh gi tc ng mi trng.
- Chi ph lp nh mc XD, n gi XD.
- Chi ph kim sot chi ph u t XD.
- Chi ph qun l chi ph u t XD, tng mc u t, d ton
cng trnh, nh mc XD, n gi XD, hp ng trong hot
ng XD
- Chi ph t vn QLDA (trng hp thu TV).

55
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.2 Ni dung chnh ca d ton xy dng.
Chi ph t vn T XD (TT04/TT-BXD 2010, CV 957/Q-
BXD) bao gm:
- Chi ph th nghim chuyn ngnh.
- Chi ph kim tra cht lng vt liu, kim nh cht lng
cng trnh.
- Chi ph kim tra chng nhn iu kin bo m an ton
chu lc v chng nhn s ph hp v cht lng cng
trnh.
- Chi ph gim st, nh gi DAT XD (trng hp thu TV).
- Chi ph quy i chi ph TXD v thi im bn giao, a
vo khai thc s dng.
- Chi ph thc hin cc cng vic t vn khc.

56
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.2 Ni dung chnh ca d ton xy dng.
Chi ph khc bao gm:
- Chi ph r ph bom mn, vt n.
- Chi ph bo him cng trnh.
- Chi ph di chuyn thit b thi cng v lc lng lao ng n
cng trng.
- Chi ph ng kim cht lng quc t, quan trc bin dng
cng trnh.
- Chi ph m bo an ton giao thng phc v thi cng cc
cng trnh.

57
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.2 Ni dung chnh ca d ton xy dng.
Chi ph khc bao gm:
- Chi ph hon tr h tng k thut b nh hng khi thi cng
cng trnh.
- Chi ph kim ton, thm tra, ph duyt quyt ton vn u
t.
- Chi ph NCKH cng ngh lin quan n d n, li vay trong
thi gian XD, chi ph cho qu trnh chy th khng ti v c
ti theo quy trnh cng ngh trc khi bn giao.
- Cc khon ph v l ph theo quy nh.
- Mt s khon mc chi ph khc.

58
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.2 Ni dung chnh ca d ton xy dng.
Chi ph d phng bao gm:
- Chi ph d phng do yu t khi lng cng vic pht sinh
cha lng trc c khi lp d n.
- Chi ph d phng cho yu t trt gi trong thi gian thc
hin d n.

59
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.3 D ton xy dng
a. Xc nh chi ph XD (GXD).

- Xc nh d ton XD theo khi lng v n gi XD.

- Xc nh theo din tch hoc cng sut sn xut, nng lc
phc v cng trnh, sut vn u t.
- Xc nh d ton theo khi lng hao ph vt liu, nhn
cng, my thi cng v bng gi tng ng.

60
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.3 D ton xy dng
a. Xc nh chi ph XD (GXD).
Xc nh tng khi lng hao ph vt liu (VL), nhn
cng (NC), my thi cng (MTC).
- Xc nh khi lng tng cng tc.
- Xc nh khi lng cc VL, NC, MTC tng ng vi tng
cng tc theo TKKT hoc BVTC ca cng trnh theo mc
hao ph VL, NC, MTC trn c s quy chun, TCXD, QPKT.
- Tnh tng khi lng hao ph tng loi VL, NC, MTC ging
nhau.

61
 4.4 D TON XY DNG
Xc nh tng khi lng hao ph vt liu (VL), nhn cng (NC), my
thi cng (MTC). Bng 1. Hao ph VL, NC, MTC cho cc cng tc XD
STT M hiu Tn cng tc n Khi Mc hao ph Khi lng hao ph
v lng VL NC MTC VL NC MTC
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
001 M.001 Cng tc 1 m3
VL.001 Ct mn m3
VL.002 Gch ch vin

NC.001 Nhn cng cn
3/7 g

M.001 Vn thng ca
0,8T

002 M.002 Cng tc 2 62
Bng 2. Tng hp chi ph VL, NC, MTC trong chi ph trc tip
STT M hiu Tn cng tc n v Khi lng Gi Thnh tin

1 2 3 4 5 6 7=5x6
I Vt liu
I.1 VL.001 Ct mn m3
I.2 VL.002 Gch ch vin

Tng cng VL
II Nhn cng
II.1 NC.001 Nhn cng 3/7 cng

Tng cng NC
III My
III.1 M.001 Vn thng 0,8T ca
III.2 M.002 My trn va 80l ca

Tng cng MTC
63
Bng 3. Tng hp chi ph XD theo khi lng hao ph VL, NC,
MTC v bng gi tng ng.
STT Ni dung chi ph Cch tnh Gi tr K hiu

I CHI PH TRC TIP

1 Chi ph vt liu Ly t bng 2 VL
2 Chi ph nhn cng Ly t bng 2 NC
3 Chi ph my thi cng Ly t bng 2 MTC
4 Chi ph trc tip khc (VL+NC+MTC) x t l TT
Chi ph trc tip VL+NC+MTC+TT T
II CHI PH CHUNG T x t l C
III THU NHP CHU THU TNH (T+C) x t l TL
TRC
Chi ph xy dng trc thu (T+C+TL) G
IV THU GI TR GIA TNG G x TGTGT-XD GTGT
Chi ph xy dng sau thu G + GTGT GXD
V CHI PH NH TM TI HIN G x t l x (1+ TGTGT-XD) GXDNT
TRNG V IU
HNH THI CNG
64
TNG CNG GXD + GXDNT
Bng 4. nh mc chi ph trc tip khc (t l CP trc tip.

STT Loi cng trnh Trc tip ph khc

1 Cng trnh dn dng

Trong th 2,5
Ngoi th 2
2 Cng trnh cng nghip 2
Ring cng tc XD trong hm l, hm thy in 6,5
3 Cng trnh giao thng 2
Ring cng tc XD trong ng hm giao thng 6,5
4 Cng trnh thy li 2
5 Cng trnh h tng k thut
Trong th 2
Ngoi th 1,5
65
Bng 5. nh mc chi ph chung, thu nhp chu thu tnh
trc (n v tnh %).
S Loi cng trnh Chi ph chung Thu nhp
T chu thu
Trn chi Trn chi
T tnh trc
ph TT ph NC

1 Cng trnh dn dng 6,5 5,5

Ring cng trnh tu b, phc hi di tch lch s, 10,0

vn ha

2 Cng trnh cng nghip 5,5 6,0

Ring cng trnh XD ng hm, hm l. 7,0

3 Cng trnh giao thng 5,5 6,0

Ring cng tc duy tu sa cha thng xuyn 66,0

ng b, ng st, ng thy ni a, h
thng hng hi v ng thy ni a

Ring cng trnh hm giao thng 7,0

66
Bng 5. nh mc chi ph chung, thu nhp chu thu tnh
trc (n v tnh %) tip theo.

S Loi cng trnh Chi ph chung Thu nhp

T chu thu
Trn chi Trn chi
T tnh trc
ph TT ph NC

4 Cng trnh thy li 5,5 5,5

Ring o, p cng trnh thy li bng th 51,0

cng

5 Cng trnh h tng k thut 5,0 5,5

6 Cng tc lp t thit b cng ngh trong cc 65,0 6,0

cng trnh XD, cng tc xy lp ng dy,
cng tc th nghim hiu chnh ng dy v
trm bin p, cng tc th nghim vt liu, cu
kin v kt cu xy dng

67
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.3 D ton xy dng
b. Xc nh chi ph thit b (GTB).

GTB = GMS + GT + GL.

Vi:
- GMS: Chi ph mua sm thit b cng ngh.
- GT: Chi ph o to v chuyn giao cng ngh.
- GL: Chi ph lp t thit b v th nghim hiu chnh.

68
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.3 D ton xy dng
b. Xc nh chi ph thit b (GTB).
- GMB: Chi ph mua sm thit b cng ngh.
n
GMS = [Qi M i x (1 + T GTGT TB )]
i =1

Vi:
- Qi: Khi lng hoc s lng thit b th i.
- Mi: Gi tnh cho 1 n v khi lng hoc s lng thit b
th I, xc nh:
Mi = Gg + Cvc+ Clk + Cbq + T

69
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.3 D ton xy dng
b. Xc nh chi ph thit b (GTB).

- GT: Chi ph o to v chuyn giao cng ngh: c tnh

bng cch lp d ton hoc d tnh ty theo c im c
th ca tng d n.

- GL: Chi ph lp t thit b v th nghim hiu chnh: lp d

ton nh i vi chi ph xy dng.

70
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG
XY DNG
Bng 6: Tng hp chi ph thit b
STT Ni dung chi ph Gi tr Thu gi tr Gi tr
trc thu gia tng sau thu

1 2 3 4 5
1 Chi ph mua sm thit b
1.1
1.2
2 Chi ph o to v chuyn giao
cng ngh
3 Chi ph lp t thit b v th
nghim, hiu chnh
TNG CNG GTB

71
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.3 D ton xy dng
c. Xc nh chi ph qun l d n (GQLDA - CV 957/Q-
BXD2009).

GQLDA = T x (GXDtt + GTBtt).

Vi:
- T: nh mc t l (%) i vi chi ph QLDA.
- GXDtt: Chi ph xy dng trc thu.
- GTBtt: Chi ph thit b trc thu.

72
73
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.3 D ton xy dng
d. Xc nh chi ph t vn u t XD (GTV - CV 957/Q-
BXD2009).
n m
GTV = C i x(1 + Ti GTGT TV
) + D j x(1 + T j
GTGT TV
)
i =1 j =1

Vi:
- Ci: CP t vn TXD tnh theo nh mc t l.
- Dj: CP t vn TXD tnh bng cch lp d ton.
- TiGTGT-TV: Mc thu GTGT theo quy nh hin hnh i vi
khon mc CP t vn TXD tnh theo nh mc t l.
- TjGTGT-TV: Mc thu GTGT theo quy nh hin hnh i vi
khon mc CP t vn TXD tnh bng cch lp d ton.
74
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.3 D ton xy dng
e. Xc nh chi ph khc (GK - CV 957/Q-BXD2009).

n m
GTV = C i x(1 + Ti GTGT TV ) + D j x(1 + T jGTGT TV )
i =1 j =1

Vi:
- Ci: CP t vn TXD tnh theo nh mc t l.
- Dj: CP t vn TXD tnh bng cch lp d ton.
- TiGTGT-TV: Mc thu GTGT theo quy nh hin hnh i vi
khon mc CP t vn TXD tnh theo nh mc t l.
- TjGTGT-TV: Mc thu GTGT theo quy nh hin hnh i vi
khon mc CP t vn TXD tnh bng cch lp d ton.
75
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.3 D ton xy dng
f. Xc nh chi ph d phng (GDP - TT04/TT-BXD 2010).

GDP = GDP1 + GDP2

Vi:
- GDP1: Chi ph d phng do khi lng cng vic pht sinh.
- GDP2: Chi ph d phng do trt gi.

76
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.3 D ton xy dng
f. Xc nh chi ph d phng (GDP - TT04/TT-BXD 2010).

- Chi ph d phng do khi lng cng vic pht sinh.

GDP1 = (GXD + GTB + GBT, TC + GQLDA + GTV + GK) x Kps.

Vi:
- Kps: h s d phng khi lng pht sinh (10%).
- Trng hp ch lp BCKTKT th Kps = 5%.

77
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
- Chi ph d phng do trt gi: cn cn c di thi gian
thc hin d n, tin phn b vn, tnh hnh bin ng gi,
v ch s gi XD tng loi cng trnh.
T
G DP 2 = (Vt Lvayt ) {[1 + ( I XDCTbq I XDCT )]t 1}
t =1

Vi:
- T: Thi gian thc hin d n.
- t: th t nm phn b vn thc hin d n.
- Vt: Vn u t d kin thc hin trong nm th t.
- Lvayt: chi ph li vay ca vn u t d kin thc hin nm t.
- IXDCTbq: mc trt gi bnh qun tnh trn c s bnh qun
cc ch s gi xy dng cng trnh theo loi cng trnh ca ti
thiu 3 nm gn nht so vi thi im tnh ton (khng k n
bin ng bt thng).
- IXDCT: mc d bo bin ng ca cc yu t chi ph, gi c 78
trong khu vc v quc t so vi mc trt gi bq tnh.
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.4 nh mc trong xy dng
Khi nim: L mc hao ph cn thit v vt liu, nhn
cng v my thi cng hon thnh mt n v khi
lng cng tc xy dng.

79
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.4 nh mc trong xy dng
Cc loi nh mc:
- nh mc d ton ca cc cng tc xy dng c sn.
- nh mc d ton mi cho cc cng tc xy dng cha c
nh mc.

80
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.4 nh mc trong xy dng
Trnh t lp nh mc xy dng mi cho cng trnh:
- Lp danh mc cng tc hoc kt cu mi ca cng trnh
(th hin r n v, yu cu k thut, iu kin v bin php
thi cng ch yu).
- Xc nh thnh phn cng vic (cc bc thc hin tng
cng on t khi bt u n lc hon thnh).
- Tnh ton xc nh hao ph VL, NC, MTC.
- Lp cc tit nh mc trn c s tng hp cc hao ph v
VL, NC, MTC

81
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.4 nh mc trong xy dng
Cc phng php tnh ton xc nh hao ph VL, NC, MTC.
- PP1: tnh ton theo cc thng s k thut trong dy chuyn
cng ngh.
- PP2: Tnh ton theo s liu thng k phn tch (s lng
hao ph ca cng trnh ang thc hin, ca cng trnh
tng t, theo s liu cng b ca cc chuyn gia hoc t
chc chuyn mn nghip v.
- PP3: Tnh ton theo kho st thc t.
- PP4: Kt hp cc phng php trn.

82
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.5 Cc vn bn php l
- Lut 13/2008/QH12 Lut thu gi tr gia tng.
- CV957/Q-BXD 29/09/2009: nh mc chi ph QLDA v
t vn u t XD cng trnh.
- CV1776/BXD-VP 16/08/2007: nh mc d ton XD cng
trnh Phn XD.
- CV1777/BXD-VP 16/08/2007: nh mc d ton XD cng
trnh Phn Lp t.
- CV1778/BXD-VP 16/08/2007: nh mc d ton sa
cha cng trnh XD.
- CV1779/BXD-VP 16/08/2007: nh mc d ton XD cng
trnh Phn kho st XD.
- N112/2009/N-CP - 14/12/2009: Ngh nh v qun l chi
ph u t XD cng trnh.
83
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.5 Cc vn bn php l
- Quyt nh 33/2004/Q-BTC 12/04/2004: QUy tc, biu
ph bo him XD, lp t.
- TT 04/2010/TT-BXD Hng dn lp v qun l chi ph
u t XD cng trnh.
- TT 22/2010/TT-BKH 02/12/2010 Quy nh v nh mc
chi ph gim st, nh gi u t.

84
 CHNG 4: THIT K TRONG XY
DNG
4.4 D TON XY DNG
4.4.6 Gii thiu d ton nc ngoi
- Li m u cho vic cho gi.
- Bng tng hp.
- Cc yu cu chung v cng tc chun b ban u.
- D ton thnh phn.

85
 CA
CAM N S
S THEO DOI
CU
CUA CA
CAC BA
BAN!
N!

86