Kurs: Intermediate

Modul: Present Simple and Present Continuous Tense

Autor: prof. Gordana Matorki

Naziv jedinice: Present Simple and Present Continuous Tense

Materijali vezani uz ovu lekciju:

- Test present simple and present continuous tense

THE PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE (SADANJE PROSTO VREME)

Simple Present Tense (Prosto sadanje vreme) se gradi od osnovnog oblika glagola (infinitiv bez to). Na
primer, infinitiv sa to glagola raditi glasi to work a infinitiv bez to glasi work. Za sva lica osim za tree lice
jednine potvrdni oblik prostog sadanjeg vremena glasi work. Za tree lice se dodaje s.

Potvrdni oblik

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)

I work Ja radim We work Mi radimo

You work Ti radi You work Vi radite

He works On radi They work Oni rade

She works Ona radi
It works Ono radi

Nastavak s u treem licu jednine moe imati razliite oblike. Ukoliko se glagol zavrava na vokal o nastavak e
glasiti es, kao u primeru glagola go koji u 3. l. jed. glasi goes ili glagol do koji u 3. l. jed. glasi does.
Ukoliko se glagol zavrava na ch, -sh, -x, -ss, nastavak takoe glasi es.Na primer:
He teaches (teach predavati).
She washes (wash prati).
He kisses (kiss ljubiti).
She fixes (fix popravljati).
Ako se glagol zavrava na y i ukoliko je ispred njega suglasnik y prelazi u ie. Na primer:
He cries (cry -plakati).
It flies (fly leteti).
Ako je ispred y samoglasnik, nema promene.
She plays (play igrati).
He stays (stay ostati).
Izuzetak je glagol have (imati) koji u treem licu glasi has.

Upitni oblik glagola u Present Simple Tense-u se gradi od pomonog glagola Do, odnosno Does (za tree lice
jednine) i osnovnog oblika glavnog glagola. Sva pitanja se u engleskom jeziku dele na Yes/No pitanja i Wh-
pitanja. Yes/No nemaju upitnu re i na njih se moe odgovoriti sa Da ili Ne. Wh- pitanja poinju upitnom reju a
one su: when, what, why, where, how, how much, how many...

Upitni oblik Yes/No questions

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)

Do I work? Da li ja radim? Do we work? Da li mi radimo?

Do you work? Da li ti radi? Do you work? Da li vi radite?

Does he work? Da li on radi? Do they work? Da li oni rade?

Does she work? Da li ona radi?
Does it work? Da li ono radi?

Na Yes/No pitanja se odgovara kratkim odgovorima (Short answers) na sledei nain:

Do I work? Yes, I do / No, I dont
Do you work? Yes, you do / No, you dont.
Does he work? Yes, he does / No, he doesnt
Does she work? Yes, she does / No, she doesnt
Does it work? Yes, it does / No, it doesnt
Do we work? - Yes, we do / No, we dont
Do you work? Yes, you do / No, you dont
Do they work? Yes, they do/No, they dont

Upitni oblik Wh- questions

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)

Where do I work? Gde ja radim? Where do we work? Gde mi radimo?

Where do you work? Gde ti radi? Where do you work? Gde vi radite?

Where does he work? Gde on radi? Where do they work? Gde oni rade?
Where does she work? Gde ona radi?
Where does it work? Gde ono radi?

Odrini oblik se gradi od odrinog obika pomonog glagola Do (odnosno Does za tree lice jednine) i osnovnog
oblika glavnog glagola.

Odrini oblik

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)

I do not (don`t) work Ja ne radim We do not (don`t) work Mi ne radimo

You do not (don`t) work Ti ne radi You do not (don`t) work Vi ne radite
 He does not (doesn`t) work On ne radi They do not (don`t) work Oni ne rade
She does not (doesn`t) work Ona ne radi
It does not (doesn`t) work Ono ne radi

Upotreba:
Prosto sadanje vreme se koristi za

Radnje koje se ponavljaju (navike, obiaji, rutine)

I get up at 6 o`clock. (Ja ustajem u 6 sati.)

She wears uniform at work. (Ona nosi uniformu na poslu.)
The English drink tea at 5 o`clock in the afternoon. (Englezi piju aj u 5 sati popodne.)

U ovom smislu se mogu koristiti i prilozi i fraze za uestalost (rei koje oznaavaju koliko esto se deava radnja).
To su: Always (uvek), usually (obino), often (esto), sometimes (ponekad), never (nikad), every day
(svakog dana), every month (svakog meseca), every year (svake godine) i sl. Zatim, once a year (jedanput
godinje), twice a day (dvaput dnevno), three times a week (triput nedeljno) i sl.
Prilozi always, usually, often, sometimes, never dolaze pre glavnog glagola u potvrdnom obliku. Fraze every
day, every month, twice a year... najee dolaze na kraju reenice.
I always go to school at 8 o`clock in the morning. (Ja uvek idem u kolu u 8 sati ujutru.)
She usually drinks tea in the evening. (Ona obino pije aj uvee.)
We never eat in the living room. (Mi nikad ne jedemo u dnevnoj sobi.)

Opte istine (neto to je uvek tano):

People change money in banks. (Ljudi menjaju novac u bankama.)

A day has 24 hours. (Dan ima 24 asa.)
The Earth goes around the Sun. (Zemlja se okree oko Sunca.)
The Sava flows into the Danube. (Sava se uliva u Dunav.)

Karakteristike subjekta:

He speaks English very well. (On dobro govori engleski.)

My sister plays the piano. (Moja sestra svira klavir)

THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Present Continuous Tense (Sadanje trajno vreme) se gradi od glagola TO BE u Present Simple Tense-u
(Prostom sadanjem vremenu), tj. is/am /are+ present participle (sadanji particip) glavnog glagola
Sadanji particip se gradi kada se na infinitiv doda nastavak ing:

go going
sleep sleeping
work working

Ako se glagol zavrava na jedan suglasnik ispred kojeg stoji kratak, naglaen samoglasnik, krajnji se suglasnik
ispred ing udvostruava. Npr.:

hit udariti particip: hitting

stop prestati particip: stopping
permit dopustiti particip: permitting
begin poeti particip: beginning

Krajnje l se uvek udvostruava.Npr.:

travel putovati particip: travelling

Potvrdni oblik
 Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)

I am working Ja radim We are working Mi radimo

You sre working Ti radi You are working Vi radite

He is working On radi They are working Oni rade

She is working Ona radi
It is working Ono radi

Upitni oblik Yes/No questions

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)

Am I working? Da li ja radim? Are we working? Da li mi radimo?

Are you working? Da li ti radi? Are you working? Da li vi radite?

Is he working? Da li on radi? Are they working? Da li oni rade?

Is she working? Da li ona radi?
Is it working? Da li ono radi?

Na Yes/No pitanja se odgovara kratkim odgovorima (Short answers) na sledei nain:

Am I working? Yes, I am / No, I`m not
Are you working? Yes, you are / No, you arent.
Is he working? Yes, he is / No, he isnt
Is she working? Yes, she is / No, she isnt
Is it working? Yes, it is / No, it isnt
Are we working? - Yes, we are / No, we arent
Are you working? Yes you are / No, you arent
Are they working? Yes, they are / No, they arent

Upitni oblik Wh- questions

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)

Where am I working? Gde ja radim? Where are we working? Gde mi radimo?

Where are you working? Gde ti radi? Where are you working? Gde vi radite?

Where is he working? Gde on radi? Where are they working? Gde oni rade?
Where is she working? Gde ona radi?
Where is it working? Gde ono radi?
Odrini oblik Present Continuous Tense-a (Sadanjeg trajnog vremena) se gradi od odrinog oblika pomonog
glagola TO BE u sadanjem vremenu i Present Participle-a (sadanjeg participa) glavnog glagola.

Odrini oblik

Jednina (singular) Mnoina (plural)

I am not (I`m not) working Ja ne radim We are not (aren`t) working Mi ne radimo

You are not (aren`t) working Ti ne radi You are not (aren`t) working Vi ne radite

He is not (isn`t) working On ne radi They are not (aren`t) working Oni ne rade
She is not (isn`t) working Ona ne radi
It is not (isn`t) working Ono ne radi

Upotreba:
Present Continuous Tense (Sadanje trajno vreme) se koristi za:

Radnju koja se deava u trenutku govora, te se stoga uz njega esto nalaze vremenske odrednice
now (sada) i at the moment (u ovom trenutku).

She is reading a book at the moment. (Ona trenutno ita knjigu.)

Privremenu radnju

We`re living in my sister`s flat until we find a new house to buy. (ivimo u kui moje sestre dok ne
naemo novu kuu da kupimo.)

Planove vezane za budunost.

I am visiting my sister next weekend. (Sledeeg vikenda u posetiti svoju sestru.)

GLAGOLI KOJI SE NE UPOTREBLJAVAJU U PRESENT CONTINUOUS-u

Jedan broj glagola najee ne moe da bude upotrebljen u trajnim vremenima. Najvaniji od njih su: hear uti,
see videti , taste okusiti , smell mirisati, remember setiti se , understand razumeti , wish eleti ,
want hteti, know znati itd.

Oni se, umesto u Present Continuous Tense-u, koriste u Present Simple Tense-u.
I hear a noise in the next room. (ujem nekakvu buku u susednoj sobi.)
Stop! Don`t you see the red light? (Stani! Zar ne vidi crveno svetlo?)
This cake tastes good. ( Ovaj kola ima dobar ukus.)
Do you remember our first dance? ( Sea li se naeg prvog plesa?)
I wish you a lot of happiness. ( elim vam mnogo sree.)
I know that you don`t understand me. (Znam da me ne razumete.