Professional Documents
Culture Documents
1 Events: - in France, President
1 Events: - in France, President
Main article: January 1960 January 28 The National Football League an-
nounces expansion teams for Dallas to start in the
1960 NFL season, and MinneapolisSt. Paul for the
January The state of emergency is lifted in Kenya, 1961 NFL season.
ocially ending the Mau Mau Uprising.
January 30 The African National Party is founded
January 1 Cameroon gains its independence from in Chad, through the merger of traditionalist parties.
French-administered U.N. trusteeship.
January 2 U.S. Senator John F. Kennedy (D-MA) 1.2 February
announces his candidacy for the Democratic presi-
dential nomination.
January 6 The Associations Law comes into force
in Iraq, allowing registration of political parties.
January 911 Aswan High Dam construction be-
gins in Egypt.
January 10 British Prime Minister Harold
Macmillan makes the Wind of Change speech for
the rst time (see February 3).
January 14 The Reserve Bank and Commonwealth
Bank are created in Australia.
January 15 The rst televised anime, Three Tales,
debuts on NHK.
January 19 The Treaty of Mutual Cooperation
and Security between the United States and Japan
is signed in Washington, D.C.
January 21 A coal mine collapses at Coalbrook,
South Africa, killing 435 miners. 1960 Winter Olympics
1
2 1 EVENTS
Main article: February 1960 The N-class blimp ZPG-3W of the U.S.
Navy is destroyed during a storm over
Massachusetts.
February 1 In Greensboro, North Carolina, four Twelve Indian soldiers die in clashes with Red
black students from North Carolina Agricultural Chinese troops along their small common bor-
and Technical State University begin a sit-in at a der.
segregated Woolworths lunch counter. Although
they are refused service, they are allowed to stay February 13 France tests its rst atomic bomb in
at the counter. The event triggers many simi- the Sahara Desert of Algeria.
lar non-violent protests throughout the Southern
United States, and six months later the original four February 18 The 1960 Winter Olympics begin at
protesters are served lunch at the same counter. the Squaw Valley Ski Resort, in Placer County, Cal-
ifornia.
1.3 March
February 9
March 5
March 6
March 23 Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev Elvis Presley's song "Are You Lonesome
meets French president Charles de Gaulle in Paris. Tonight?" is recorded for the rst time.
March 29 "Tom Pillibi" by Jacqueline Boyer (mu- April 9 Gunman David Pratt shoots South African
sic by Andr Popp, text by Pierre Cour) wins the Prime Minister Hendrik Verwoerd in Johannesburg,
Eurovision Song Contest 1960 for France. wounding him seriously.
April 13
April 1 United States launches navigation satellite
Transit I-b.
Tuanku Abdul Rahman ibni Almarhum Tu-
anku Muhammad, 1st Yang di-Pertuan Agong The proposed mass-production of the Blue
of Malaysia, dies in oce. He is replaced Streak missile is cancelled.
by Hisamuddin Alam Shah ibni Almarhum
Sultan Alaeddin Sulaiman Shah, Sultan of April 19 April Revolution: South Korean students
Selangor. hold a nationwide pro-democracy protest against
President Syngman Rhee, eventually leading him to
The United States launches the rst weather
resign from that oce.
satellite, TIROS-1.
The 1960 United States Census begins. There April 21 In Brazil, the countrys capital (Federal
are 179,323,175 U.S. residents on this day.[2] District) is relocated from the city of Rio de Janeiro
All people from Latin America are listed as to the new city, Braslia, in the highlands. The actual
white, including blacks from the Dominican city of Rio de Janeiro becomes the State of Guan-
Republic, European whites from Argentina abara.
and Mexicans who resemble Native Ameri-
cans. April 27 Togo gains independence from France,
with the French-administered United Nations Trust
April 4 Territory being terminated.
4 1 EVENTS
Francis Gary Powers wearing special pressure suit for strato- May 15 The satellite Sputnik 4 is launched into
spheric ying orbit by the Soviet Union.
May 16
May 30 Cemal Grsel forms the new government The Belgian Congo receives its independence
of Turkey (its 24th government, composed mostly from Belgium as the Republic of the Congo
of so-called technocrats). (Lopoldville). A civil war follows closely on
the heels of this.
Public demonstrations by democratic and left
1.6 June forces, against Italian government support of
the post-fascist Italian Social Movement, are
Main article: June 1960
heavily suppressed by police.
June 9 Typhoon Mary kills 1,600 people in China. Ghana becomes a republic and Kwame
Nkrumah becomes its rst President.
June 10 Dominos Pizza is founded. Cold War: A Soviet Air Force MiG-19 ghter
plane ying north of Murmansk, Russia, over
June 15
the Barents Sea shoots down a six-man RB-47
Violent demonstrations at Tokyo University Stratojet reconnaissance plane of the U.S. Air
result in 182 arrests, 589 injuries. Force. Four of the U.S. Air Force ocers are
killed, and the two survivors are held prisoner
The BC Ferries company, later to become in the Soviet Union.
the second-largest ferry operator in the world,
commences service between Tsawwassen and The Trust Territory of Somaliland (the for-
Swartz Bay, British Columbia, Canada. mer Italian Somaliland) gains its independence
from Italy. Concurrently, it unites as sched-
June 19 The Associated Broadcasting Company uled with the ve-day-old State of Somaliland
(now TV5) is founded in the Philippines. (the former British Somaliland) to form the
Somali Republic.
June 20 The short-lived Mali Federation, consist-
ing of the Sudanese Republic (now the Republic of July 4 Following the admission of the State of
Mali) and Senegal, gains independence from France. Hawaii as the 50th state in August 1959, the new 50-
star Flag of the United States is rst ocially own
June 23 Japanese prime minister Nobusuke Kishi over Philadelphia.
announces his resignation.
July 10 The Soviet Union national football team
June 24 Joseph Kasa-Vubu is elected as the rst defeats the Yugoslavian national football team 21
President of the independent Congo. in Paris to win the rst European Soccer Champi-
onship.
June 26
July 11
The State of Somaliland (the former British
Somaliland protectorate) receives its indepen- Congo Crisis: Moise Tshombe declares the
dence from the United Kingdom. Five days Congolese province of Katanga independent.
later, it unites as scheduled with the Trust Ter- He requests and receives help from Belgium.
ritory of Somalia (the former Italian Soma- Harper Lee publishes her novel To Kill a Mock-
liland) to form the Somali Republic. ingbird, which later wins the Pulitzer Prize for
The Malagasy Republic, now Madagascar, be- the best American novel of 1960.
comes independent from France.
July 12 Chin Peng is exiled from Malaysia to
June 28 Thailand and the Malayan state of emergency is
lifted.
King Bhumibol Adulyadej arrives in Washing-
ton, D.C. for a 4-day royal visit to the U.S. July 13 U.S. Senator John F. Kennedy is nomi-
nated for President of the United States at the 1960
June 30 Democratic National Convention in Los Angeles.
6 1 EVENTS
July 14 The United Nations Security Council de- August 3 Niger becomes independent from
cides to send troops to Katanga to oversee the with- France.
drawal of Belgian troops.
August 5 Upper Volta, now known as Burkina
July 20 Ceylon elects Mrs. Sirimavo Bandaranaike Faso, becomes independent from France.
as its Prime Minister, the worlds rst elected female
August 6
head of government. She takes oce the following
day. Cuban Revolution: In response to a United
States embargo against Cuba, Fidel Castro
July 21 Francis Chichester, English navigator and
nationalizes all American and foreign-owned
yachtsman, arrives at New York City aboard his
property in Cuba.
yacht, Gypsy Moth II, crossing the Atlantic Ocean
solo in a new record of just forty days. In the Republic of the Congo (Lopoldville),
now the Democratic Republic of the Congo,
July 25 The Woolworth Company's lunch counter Albert Kalonji declares the independence of
in Greensboro, North Carolina, the location of a the Autonomous State of South Kasai".
sit-in that had sparked demonstrations by Negroes
across the Southern United States, serves a meal to August 7 The Ivory Coast becomes independent
its rst black customer. from France.
July 25July 28 In Chicago, the 1960 Republi- August 7 The worlds rst standard gauge passen-
can National Convention nominates Vice President ger preserved railway, The Bluebell Railway, opens
Richard Nixon as its candidate for President of the to the public.
United States, and Henry Cabot Lodge Jr., as its can- August 11 Chad becomes independent from
didate to become the new Vice-President. France.
August 13 Ubangi-Shari becomes independent
1.8 August from France, as the "Central African Republic".
It later becomes the "Central African Empire" for
some years.
August 15 Middle Congo becomes indepen-
dent from France, as Republic of Congo (Congo-
Brazzaville).
August 16
Joseph Kittinger parachutes from a balloon
over New Mexico at an altitude of about
102,800 feet (31,333 meters). Kittinger sets
world records for: high-altitude jump; free-fall
by falling 16.0 miles (25.7 kilometers) before
opening his parachute; and the fastest speed at-
tained by a human being without mechanical
or chemical assistance, about 982 k.p.h (614
m.p.h.). (Kittinger survives more or less unin-
jured, and he is still alive in Florida as of 2013.
Felix Baumgartner breaks his record in 2012.)
The Mediterranean island of Cyprus receives
its independence from the United Kingdom.
August 17
The newly named Beatles begin a 48-night res-
1960 Summer Olympics idency at the Indra club in Hamburg, West
Germany.
Main article: August 1960 Gabon becomes independent from France.
The trial of the American U-2 pilot Francis
Gary Powers begins in Moscow.
August 1 Dahomey, now known as Benin, be-
comes independent from France. August 19
1.10 October 7
Cold War: In Moscow, American U-2 pilot September 8 In Huntsville, Alabama, U.S. Presi-
Francis Gary Powers is sentenced to 10 years dent Dwight D. Eisenhower formally dedicates the
in prison for espionage. Marshall Space Flight Center (which had been acti-
Sputnik program: The Soviet Union launches vated by NASA on July 1).
the satellite Sputnik 5, with the dogs Belka and September 14
Strelka (the Russian for Squirrel and Little
Arrow), 40 mice, two rats and a variety of Colonel Joseph Mobutu takes power in
plants. This satellite returns to earth the next Republic of the Congo via a military coup.
day and all animals are recovered safely. The countries of Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi
August 20 Senegal breaks away from the Mali Fed- Arabia, and Venezuela form OPEC.
eration, declaring its independence. September 22 Mali, the sole remaining member
of the Mali Federation following the withdrawal
August 25
of Senegal one month earlier, declares its full inde-
The 1960 Summer Olympic Games begin in pendence as the Republic of Mali.
Rome.
September 26 The leading candidates for
The American nuclear submarine USS Sead- President of the United States, Richard Nixon and
ragon surfaces through the Arctic ice cap at the John F. Kennedy, make the rst televised debate.
North Pole, the rst submarine ever to do so.
September 30 The television animated sitcom, The
August 29 Hurricane Donna kills 50 people in Flintstones premieres on ABC.
Florida and New England.
1.10 October
1.9 September
Main article: October 1960
Main article: September 1960
October 1
September 1
Nigeria becomes independent from United
Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah, Sultan of Kingdom, and Nnamdi Azikiwe becomes its
Selangor and 2nd Yang di-Pertuan Agong of rst native-born Governor General.
Malaysia, dies in oce. He is replaced by Cameroon declares independence from United
Tuanku Syed Putra, Raja of Perlis. Kingdom.
Disgruntled railroad workers eectively halt
October 3 Jnio Quadros is elected President of
operations of the Pennsylvania Railroad,
Brazil for a ve-year term.
marking the rst shutdown in the companys
history (the event lasts two days). October 5 White South Africans vote to make the
country a republic.
September 2 The rst elections of the Parliament
of the Central Tibetan Administration are held. The October 7 Nigeria becomes the 99th member of
Tibetan community observes this date as Democ- the United Nations.
racy Day.
October 12
September 5
Cold War: Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev
1960 Summer Olympic Games: Muhammad pounds his shoe on a table at a meeting of the
Ali (then Cassius Clay) wins the gold medal in United Nations General Assembly, his way of
light-heavyweight boxing. protesting the discussion of the Soviet Union's
The Congolese president, Joseph Kasa-Vubu, policies toward Eastern Europe.
res Patrice Lumumba's entire government, Inejiro Asanuma, chairman of the Japan So-
and also places Lumumba under house arrest. cialist Party, is assassinated by Otoya Yam-
aguchi using a wakizashi (samurai sword) dur-
September 6 William Hamilton Martin and ing a political debate in Tokyo being taped for
Bernon F. Mitchell, two American cryptologists, an- broadcast on Japanese television.
nounce their defection to the Soviet Union at a press
conference in Moscow. October 13
8 1 EVENTS
October 14
October 29 In Louisville, Kentucky, Cassius Clay A collision between two trains in Pardubice,
(later Muhammad Ali) wins his rst professional Czechoslovakia, kills 117 people.
boxing match.
November 15 A Polaris missile is test-launched
October 30 Dr. Michael Woodru carries out the from Cape Canaveral, Florida
rst successful kidney transplant in the United King-
dom, at the Edinburgh Royal Inrmary. November 22 The United Nations supports
the government of Joseph Kasavubu and Joseph
Mobutu in the Republic of the Congo.
1.11 November
November 24 The professional basketball player
Main article: November 1960 Wilt Chamberlain of the Philadelphia 76ers gets 55
rebounds in an NBA game versus the Boston Celtics.
Patrice Lumumba, deposed premier of the The classic British TV series Coronation Street
Republic of the Congo, is arrested by the premieres. Planned as a 13-part drama, it be-
troops of Colonel Joseph Mobutu. comes such a success among viewers it contin-
ues to be shown ve times per week through
A Soviet satellite containing live animals and
2012.
plants is launched into orbit. Due to a mal-
function it burns up during re-entry. December 11 MGMs The Wizard of Oz is re-
run on CBS only a year after its previous telecast,
December 2
thus beginning the tradition of annual telecasts of
the lm.
The Archbishop of Canterbury, the Most Rev.
Georey Francis Fisher, talks with Pope John December 12 The Supreme Court of the United
XXIII for about one hour in Vatican City. This States upholds a lower Federal Court ruling that
is the rst time that any chief of the Anglican the State of Louisiana's racial segregation laws are
Church had ever visited the Pope. unconstitutional, and overturns them.
U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower autho-
rizes the use of $1.0 million for the relief and December 13
resettlement of Cuban refugees, who had been
1960 Ethiopian coup attempt: While Emperor
arriving in Florida at the rate of about 1,000
Haile Selassie of Ethiopia visits Brazil, his
per week.
Kebur Zabagna (Imperial Bodyguard) leads
a military coup against his rule, proclaiming
December 4 The admission of Mauritania to the
that the emperors son, Crown Prince Asfaw
United Nations is vetoed by the Soviet Union.
Wossen Taari, is the new emperor.
December 5 The countries of El Salvador, Guatemala,
Honduras, and Nicaragua announce the for-
Pierre Lagaillarde, who led the insurrections mation of the Central American Common
in 1958 and 1960 in Algeria, fails to appear Market.
in court in Paris, France. He had reportedly
The U.S. Navys Commander Leroy Heath
ed with his four fellow defendants to Spain
(pilot) and Lieutenant Larry Monroe (bom-
en route to Algeria.
bardier/navigator) establish a world ight-
Boynton v. Virginia: The Supreme Court of altitude record of 91,450 feet (27,874 m), with
the United States declares that segregation in payload, in an A-5 Vigilante bomber carrying
public transportation is illegal in the United 2,200 lb (1,000 kg), and better the previous
States. world record by over four miles (6 km).
Africa: 277,398,000
Asia: 1,701,336,000
Europe: 604,401,000
Latin America: 218,300,000
North America: 204,152,000
Oceania: 15,888,000
2.2 February
Oliver Platt
January 21
February 2 Jari Porttila, Finnish sports journalist
Toxey Haas, American entrepreneur, founder
of Haas Outdoors, Inc. February 3
Mamoru Nagano, Japanese designer Marty Jannetty, American professional
January 22 Michael Hutchence, Australian rock wrestler
musician (INXS) (d. 1997) Joachim Lw, German football manager
12 2 BIRTHS
2.4 April
Philippe of Belgium
Hugo Weaving
Valerie Bertinelli
2.5 May
Bono
May 3 Amy Steel, American lm actress May 17 John Payne, British voice actor
May 4 May 18
Andrew Denton, Australian television presen- Jari Kurri, Finnish hockey player
ter and comedian Yannick Noah, French tennis player
Werner Faymann, Chancellor of Austria
May 19 Yazz, British pop singer
May 6 John Flansburgh, American singer-
May 20
songwriter, half of alternative rock duo They Might
Be Giants John Billingsley, American actor
May 7 Adam Bernstein, American music Tony Goldwyn, American actor, voice actor,
video/television director and lm director
May 8 Eric Brittingham, American rock bassist May 21 Jerey Dahmer, American serial killer (d.
1994)
May 9 Tony Gwynn, American baseball player (d.
2014) May 22 Hideaki Anno, Japanese director
May 10 Bono, Irish rock singer (U2) May 23 Linden Ashby, American actor
May 14 May 24
2.6 June 17
Jerey Dahmer
Andrew Denton
2.6 June
June 1 Elena Mukhina, Soviet artistic gymnast (d.
2006) Thomas Haden Church
June 2
Tony Hadley, British pop musician and was Kyle Petty, former NASCAR driver and cur-
lead singer of Spandau Ballet rent sports commentator
18 2 BIRTHS
June 4
June 8
Angela Raiola, American television personal- Kyle Gass, American music singer-
ity (d. 2016) songwriter-guitarist/actor
Tony Bellotto, Brazilian guitarist and writer Jane Lynch, American actress
July 15 Kim Alexis, American model and actress
2.7 July July 17
July 1 Kji Ishii, Japanese voice actor Robin Shou, Hong Kong actor
Jan Wouters, Dutch football player and man-
July 3
ager
Vince Clarke, British musician and composer
July 18 Anne-Marie Johnson, American actress
(Depeche Mode, Erasure)
Perrine Pelen, French alpine skier July 19
2.8 August
David Duchovny
August 4
August 10
Sean Penn
August 26
September 16
2.10 October
Melissa Leo
September 4
September 9
October 29
2.11 November
Diego Maradona
Kerry Sanders, American news correspondent November 4 Frl. Menke, German pop singer
Jeremy Swift, English television actor
November 5 Tilda Swinton, British actress
October 24
November 9
Jaime Garzn, Colombian journalist and co-
median (d. 1999) Andreas Brehme, German football player and
manager
BD Wong, American actor
Jolle Ursull, Guadeloupean singer
October 26 Jouke de Vries, DutchFrisian politi-
cian November 10 Neil Gaiman, English author
2.11 November 23
2.12 December
Daryl Hannah
Kenneth Branagh
3 Deaths
3.1 January
Beno Gutenberg
February 29
3.3 March
Adone Zoli
March 27
3.4 April
Gustaf Lindblom
April 24
April 25
Georges Claude
May 11 John D. Rockefeller Jr., American philan- May 14 Lucrezia Bori, Spanish opera singer (b.
thropist (b. 1874) 1887)
30 3 DEATHS
3.6 June
June 4
Jzef Haller de Hallenburg, Polish general (b.
1873)
Lucien Littleeld, American actor (b. 1895)
June 13 Ken McArthur, South African athlete (b.
1881)
June 14 Ana Pauker, Romanian communist politi-
cian (b. 1893)
June 17 Arthur Rosson, English lm director (b.
1886)
June 18 Shalva Aleksi-Meskhishvili, Georgian
politician (b. 1884)
June 19 Chris Bristow, English race car driver (b. Ken McArthur
1937)
June 20 3.7 July
William E. Fairbairn, English soldier, police
July 6 Aneurin Bevan, British politician (b. 1897)
ocer, and hand-to-hand combat expert (b.
1885) July 14 Maurice, 6th duc de Broglie, French physi-
John B. Kelly Sr., American rower, father of cist (b. 1875)
Grace Kelly (b. 1889)
July 15
June 25
Anton Giulio Bragaglia, Italian cinematogra-
Walter Baade, German astronomer (b. 1893) pher (b. 1890)
Otto Ender, 9th Chancellor of Austria (b. Set Persson, Swedish politician (b. 1897)
1875)
Lawrence Tibbett, American opera singer and
Tommy Corcoran, American baseball player actor (b. 1896)
(b. 1869)
July 16
June 27 Lottie Dod, English tennis player; Wim-
bledon womens champion, 188788, 1891-93 (b. Albert Kesselring, German eld marshal (b.
1871) 1885)
3.8 August 31
Arthur Meighen
Hasan Saka
July 26 Cedric Gibbons, Irish-American art direc- August 17 Charles W. Ryder, American general
tor (b. 1893) (b. 1892)
Walden L. Pug Ainsworth, American admi- August 27 Stanley Cliord Weyman, American
ral (b. 1886) impostor (b. 1890)
Luis ngel Firpo, Argentine boxer (b. 1894) August 28 Charles Forbes, British Admiral (b.
1880)
August 9 Richard Cramer, American actor (b.
1889) August 29
August 10 Vicki Baum, Austrian writer (b. 1888)
32 3 DEATHS
David Diop, French West African poet (b. September 24 Mtys Seiber, Hungarian com-
1927) poser (b. 1905)
3.10 October
October 11 Richard Cromwell, American actor (b.
1910)
October 15
September 11 Edwin Justus Mayer, American Bobby Wallace, American baseball player (St.
screenwriter (b. 1896) Louis Browns) and a member of the MLB Hall
of Fame (b. 1873)
September 13 Le Weiner, Hungarian composer
(b. 1885) Harold Spencer Jones, English astronomer (b.
1890)
September 20 Ida Rubinstein, Russian ballet
dancer (b. 1885) November 5
September 22 Melanie Klein, Austrian-British Ward Bond, American actor (b. 1903)
psychoanalyst (b. 1882) August Gailit, Estonian writer (b. 1891)
September 23 Kathlyn Williams, American stage Johnny Horton, American country singer (b.
and silent lm actress (b. 1879) 1925)
3.12 December 33
3.12 December
December 2 Fritz August Breuhaus de Groot, Ger-
man architect, interior designer and designer (b.
1883)
December 7 Ioannis Demestichas, Greek admiral
(b. 1882)
December 13 John Charles Thomas, American
opera singer (b. 1891)
December 14 Gregory Rato, Russian actor and
director
Dirk Jan de Geer December 20 Sir Godfrey Ince, British civil ser-
vant (b. 1891)
Mack Sennett, Canadian lm producer and di- December 22 Ninian Comper, British architect (b.
rector (b. 1880) 1864)
34 5 REFERENCES
December 26
Giuseppe Bellanca, Italian-American aircraft
designer and company founder (b. 1886)
Watsuji Tetsuro, Japanese philosopher (b.
1889)
4 Nobel Prizes
5 References
[1] Brand Che: Revolutionary as Marketers Dream by
Michiko Kakutani, The New York Times, April 20, 2009
[2] Population
6.2 Images
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sharongraphics/
File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-U0205-502,_Max_von_Laue.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/
6/6f/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-U0205-502%2C_Max_von_Laue.jpg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 de Contributors: This im-
age was provided to Wikimedia Commons by the German Federal Archive (Deutsches Bundesarchiv) as part of a
cooperation project. The German Federal Archive guarantees an authentic representation only using the originals (nega-
tive and/or positive), resp. the digitalization of the originals as provided by the Digital Image Archive. Original artist:
Unknown<a href='https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4233718' title='wikidata:Q4233718'><img alt='wikidata:Q4233718'
src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png' width='20'
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data-le-height='590' /></a>
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%287888168060%29.jpg License: No restrictions Contributors: https://www.flickr.com/photos/nationalarchives/7888168060/ Original
artist: The National Archives UK
File:Clark_Gable_-_publicity.JPG Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Clark_Gable_-_publicity.JPG Li-
cense: Public domain Contributors: eBay Original artist: Movie studio
File:Colin_Firth_by_Gage_Skidmore.jpg Source: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Colin_Firth_by_Gage_
Skidmore.jpg License: CC BY-SA 3.0 Contributors: Own work Original artist: Gage Skidmore
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