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Anatomy and Physiology Ii: The Latest Version A+ Study Guide
Anatomy and Physiology Ii: The Latest Version A+ Study Guide
Which venous structure does not empty blood into the right atrium?
Coronary sinus
Pulmonary vein
How many flaps are found on the atrioventricular valve that is located between the right
atrium and right ventricle?
2
What valve is located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk?
Bicuspid valve
Tricuspid valve
What structure carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium?
Aorta
Pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary veins
What is the correct name for the heart valve that separates the left atrium from the left
ventricle?
Tricuspid valve
Left ventricle
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Endocardium
Myocardium
Epicardium
Pericardium
From which structure does the electric activity in the heart arise?
Purkinje fibers
What ion enters the contractile cells during the plateau phase?
Calcium
Potassium
Sodium
Zinc
What term is used to describe the maximum amount of blood that can be contained in the
ventricles?
End-diastolic volume
End-systolic volume
Isovolumetric volume
Stroke volume
Volume of blood that remains in the ventricles is called the end-systolic volume
(ESV)
What portion of the conduction system can be found in the walls of the ventricles?
AV Bundle of His
Heme
Transferrin
Iron
Biliverdin
Platelets
Basophils
Lymphocytes
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Arteries
Capillaries
Veins
Venules
Arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries
Veins
Vasodilation
Vasoconstriction
Vasoelongation
Vasoamplify
Vasoconstriction
Vasoelongation
Vasoamplify
Tunica externa
Tunica media
Tunica interna
Tunica adventitia
Which of the following vessels would have the highest blood pressure?
Elastic arteries
Arterioles
Venules
Large veins
Fenestrated capillaries:
Do not exist
Arterioles
Capillaries
Vena cava
Blood pressure is lower at the arterial end than the venous end of the capillary bed
Reabsorption occurs at the arterial end and filtration occurs at the venous end
High blood pressure and filtration both occur at the venous end of the capillary bed
High blood pressure and filtration both occur at the arterial end of the capillary bed
Which of the following would occur if the pre-capillary sphincters in the metarterioles were
to all undergo vasoconstriction at the same time?
Approximately what percent of interstitial fluid is not reabsorbed at the venous end of the
capillary bed?
5-10%
10-15%
20-25%
30-35%
What is the name of the structure that connects the arteriole and venule sides of a
capillary bed?
Arteriole
Metarteriole
Precapillary sphincter
Venule
What venous structure collects blood from the upper extremity and head?
Ligamentum arteriosum
Vaso vasorum
All of the following are correct functions of the lymphatic system except:
Fat/lipid transport
Fluid recovery
Immunity
Protein/carbohydrate transport
Lymphocytes
Macrophages
Erythrocytes
Lymphatic fluid from the left popliteal fossa would empty back into circulation through what
vessel?
Azygous vein
Thoracic duct
Lymphatic fluid from the right cubital fossa would empty back into circulation through what
vessel?
Azygous vein
Thoracic duct
What is the name given to the structure that transports lymphatic fluid away from a lymph node?
Continuous capillary
Aorta
What is the name lymphatic vessel that delivers the majority of lymphatic fluid back into
circulation?
Cisternae chyli
Thoracic duct
Antibodies
Complement system
Fever
Interferons
Antibodies
Complement system
Fever
Interferons
Which of the following uses perforin proteins to create a hole in the enemy cell membrane?
Antibodies
B-Cells
Interferons
NK-Cells
What term is used to describe the return of body temperature to a normal reading following a
fever?
Defervescence
Onset
Pyrogens
Stadiu
m
What is the name of the protein that is released from Natural Killer (NK) cells that causes
apoptosis (cell death)?
Antigens
Granzymes
Percussins
What term correctly describes any molecule that can trigger an immune response?
Antibody
Antigen
Mast cell
Non-specific immunity
What is the name given to the type of immunity that you are born with?
Acquired immunity
Derived immunity
Innate immunity
Non-specific immunity
What is the name given to the type of immunity that is acquired following exposure to a specific
antigens?
Acquired immunity
Derived immunity
Innate immunity
Non-specific immunity
Lingual tonsil
Parotid tonsil
Pharyngeal tonsil
Palatine tonsil
External/pulmonary respiration
Diffusion of gases
Larynx
Nose
Oropharynx
Trachea
Pharynx
Epiglottis
Larynx
Tonsils
The incomplete sections of the tracheal rings allow the esophagus to:
Close over the trachea, keeping food from entering the lungs
Because the right primary bronchus is slightly wider and has a steeper downward angle
than the left:
What structure is responsible for ?sweeping? mucus in the respiratory tract towards the
pharynx/mouth?
Cilia
Goblet cells
Microvilli
Surfactant
The grape-like sacs in the lungs where the majority of gas exchange occurs are called:
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Alveoli
Capillaries
Internal intercostals
Scalenes
Sternocleidomastoid
What is the correct term used to describe the ease at which lungs can expand?
Atelectasis
Compliance
Edema
Surface tension
Boyle's Law
Charles' Law
Dalton's Law
Henry's Law
40 mm Hg
45 mm Hg
50 mm Hg
95 -100 mm Hg
BIO/291 Week 4 Question 13
40 mm Hg
45 mm Hg
50 mm Hg
100 mm Hg
What enzyme is needed to convert water and carbon dioxide into carbonic acid?
Carbonic anhydrase
Carbamino anhydrase
Bicarbonate anydrase
Chloride anhydrase
HCO3
-
H2O
H+
CO
2
Carbohydrates
Fats/lipids
Nucleic acids
Proteins
BIO/291 Week 5 Question 2
Lingual
Parotid
Sublingual
Submandibular
Which of the following structures is essential in controlling glandular secretion along the
length of the digestive tract?
Pyloric Sphincter
Myenteric Plexus
Goblet Cells
Submucosal Plexus
Pyloric Sphincter
Myenteric Plexus
Goblet Cells
Submucosal Plexus
BIO/291 Week 5 Question 6
What epithelial type can be found lining the stomach through the rectum?
Simple columnar
Stratified columnar
Stratified squamous
Transitional
Which of the following is not a correct component of the digestive system mucosa?
Lamina propria
Muscularis (externa)
Muscularis mucosae
BIO/291 Week 5 Question 8
The parietal cells in the stomach are responsible for secreting which of the following?
Gastric amylase
Gastrin
Pepsinogen
Gastric amylase
Gastrin
Hydrochloric acid(HCl)
Pepsinogen
Vitamin A
Vitamin B12
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Helicobacter pylori
Staphylococcus aureus
Escherichia coli
Staphylococcus pylori
Carboxypeptidase
Pancreatic lipase
Pepsin
Trypsin
Cholesterol
Lipase
Urea
The lining of the large intestine/colon primarily absorbs which of the following substances?
Proteins/peptides
Carbohydrates/starches
Hormone production
Waste excretion
Which of the following substances is not produced in some manner by the kidneys?
Aldosterone
Calcitriol
Erythropoietin
Renin
Nephron
Afferent Arteriole
Arcuate artery
Efferent arteriole
Interlobar vein
Afferent arterioles
Efferent arterioles
Renal tubules
Peritubular capillaries
What substance is highly permeable as it passes through the ascending limb of the loop of
Henle?
Glucose
Sodium
Urea
Water
Bowman's capsule
Bowman's space
Glomerular capillaries
What type of nephron accounts for 15% of all nephrons and is responsible for producing
concentrated urine?
Cortical nephron
Juxtamedullary nephron
Proximal nephron
Transitional nephron
BIO/291 Week 6 Question 9
Which of the following would not affect the glomerular filtration rate?
Intercalated cells
Juxtaglomerular cells
Podocytes
Principal cells
Carbohydrates
Creatinine
Urea
Uric acid
Presence of urea
Hematuria
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Nephron
Glomerular capsule
What is the name of the muscle that is found in the urinary bladder?
Detrusor muscle
Muscularis externa
Muscularis mucosae
Urethral muscle
The gene that codes for the testis-determining factor (TDF) is found on which of the
following?
The X chromosome
Gonadal ridges
The fetal testes
The Y chromosome
Mesonephric ducts
SRY gene
Paramesonephric ducts
What is the name of the substance that is secreted by the testes that causes degeneration
of the paramesonephric ducts?
Testosterone
Mullerian-inhibiting factor
Mesonephric factor
Androgen-inhibiting factor
Ductus deferens
Urethra
Testes
Urinary bladder
SRY gene
Paramesonephric ducts
Ovary
Urinary bladder
Uterine tube
Urethra
Cremaster muscle
Darto's muscle
Inguinal muscle
Spermatic muscle
The union of the vas deferens and the seminal vesicle creates which of the following?
Corpus cavernosum
Efferent ductules
Ejaculatory duct
Membranous urethra
BIO/291 Week 7 Question 9
What uterine structure helps "sweep" the released oocyte into the uterine tube?
External os
Fornix
Fimbria
Germinal epithelium
What hormone is produced by the Interstitial cells (of Leydig) found in the testes?
Estrogen
Progesterone
Luteinizing hormone
Testosterone
BIO/291 Week 7 Question 11
What is the name of the ligament that lies overtop of the uterus and is actually composed
of peritoneum?
Broad ligament
Ovarian ligament
Round ligament
Suspensory ligament
What layer of the uterus sloughs off each month during a female's reproductive cycle?
Stratum functionalis
Stratum basalis
Stratum corneum
Theca externa
Testosterone
Relaxin
Inhibin
FSH
LH
Progesterone
Prolactin