Finite Element

Method- A Powerful tool

in Bio Medical Applications

By
DEAN
DSU
 INTRODUCTION
FEM- A POWERFUL TOOL
Biological Implants
Analysis of Implants
Nano-Tribology-Hard disk wear-Molecule
Bio-Tribology
Smart Materials / Structures
Optical & SEM- Applications in Engg.-
Failure Analysis
Composite Materials & Nanocomposites
Mechatronics
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF
BIOMEDICAL STENT
 STENTS
To open arteries or veins where deposits
restricts blood flow cylindrical sleeve type
devices are used known as stents
The stents are intended to keep artery walls
from collapsing under spasmodic contractions
and leave vessel open for continues blood
flow.
Stents are implanted during angioplasty.
ANGIOPLASTY
Angioplasty can performed in two ways
Normal angioplasty.
Angioplasty with stent
Angioplasty with stent
 Coronarary normal angioplasty
has two short comings

The opening created by procedure is not smooth

and this leads to channel with irregular shape.
Some of the compressed material tends to spring
back to some degrees and is known as recoil
recoil causes channel to become smaller.
Design aspects of stents
To reduce stent thickness
To optimize stent width so that that it sustain
cyclic load during normal heart activity.
To reduce fatigue and buckling of stent
caused by variation of blood pressure in artery.
Stent model
Meshed Model
Simulation of balloon
angioplasty using FEA
 Blood flow simulation through
coronary arteries using CFD
The coronary arteries can be modeled by two
different approaches .
Case 1- Arteries are modeled straight tube of
constant cross section.
Case2- Arteries are modeled as straight tube of
varying cross section
Package used- CFD module of Ansys 5.4 Trial
Version.
Elements used- Flotran 141.
Assumptions
1 Flow was assumed to be laminar as average
Reynolds Number for healthy artery is 140.
2 Blood is assumed to be incompressible and
Newtonian.
3 Viscosity and density of blood are 0.004Pa-s
and 1000Kg/m3 respectively.
Poiseuille pressure drop is 38 Pa and are in reasonable

agreement with the results obtained by FEA.

Fig.3 Variation of pressure

in model 1

50

40
Pressure(Pa)

30
Theor ot ical

20 CFD r esult s

10

0
0 20 40 60 80 10 0 12 0

Length (m m )
Fig. 5 Velocity distribution in model 1
Fig. 6. Velocity distribution in model 2
 NITINOL A PROMISING MATERIAL IN
BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
Nitinol is an excellent material for
medical applications.
It has unique capabilities making it well
suited for minimally invasive deployment
within the body.
Having outstanding bio-compatibility
and fatigue properties.
 The super elastic material properties
have been exploited for the
manufacture of coronary and
peripheral stents, atrial-septal defect
closure devices, bone anchors, stent
grafts, catheter guide wires and
delivery systems, orthodontic dental
wire and hingeless instruments
All the mechanical properties are
dictated by heat treatment cycle
 FEA of Knee Joint
Base Plate Tibia-
UHMWPE- Currently tried
out,- Chopped fibres
UHMWPE
Saggital Radius of Tibia-
Femor: To be optimised
Femoral Ceramic- al2o3
Angle of Flexion 0,
20,40,60
Design Optimal- to ensure
lower stress at the joint
Wear a major Concern-