LN 2: TI TH BA (28/2/2017) NP BI

Cho: Li = 6,94; O = 16,00; S = 32,07; Ni = 58,69; c = 3,000.108 m.s1; NA = 6,022.1023 mol1;

R = 8,314 J.K1.mol1 = 0,082 L.atm.K1.mol1; 1 eV = 1,602.1019 J.
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Cu 1. (2,5 im). 1. 1,5 im; 2. 1,0 im.

Da vo cu to phn t, hy gii thch:
1. Phn t kh CO c nng lng lin kt ln (1070 kJ.mol1), ln hn c nng lng lin kt ba
trong phn t kh N2 (924 kJ.mol1).
2. CO v N2 c tnh cht vt l tng i ging nhau, nhng c nhng tnh cht ha hc khc nhau
(CO c tnh kh mnh hn, c kh nng to phc cao hn N2).
Cu 2. (2,0 im). 1. 0,5 im; 2. 1,5 im.
[Ru(SCN)2(CN)4]4 l ion phc ca ruteni, c k hiu l P.
1. Vit cng thc Lewis ca phi t thioxianat SCN.
2. Cho bit dng lai ha ca Ru trong P. M t s hnh thnh ion phc theo thuyt VB (Valence Bond).
Gii thch ti sao trong P, lin kt c hnh thnh gia Ru v N ca phi t SCN m khng phi
l gia Ru v S. Cho bit phc c tnh thun t hay nghch t, v sao?
Cu 3. (4,0 im). 1. 1,0 im; 2. 3,0 im.
o
1. mng c s (t bo c bn) ca tinh th NiSO4 c 3 cnh vung gc vi nhau, cnh a = 6,338 A;
o o
b = 7,842 A; c = 5,155 A . Khi lng ring gn ng ca NiSO4 l 3,9 g/cm3.
Tm s phn t NiSO4 trong mt mng c s v tnh khi lng ring chnh xc ca NiSO4.
2. Niken(II) oxit c cu trc mng tinh th ging mng tinh th ca natri clorua. Cc ion O2 to thnh
mng lp phng tm mt, cc hc bt din c cc ion Ni2+. Khi lng ring ca niken(II) oxit l 6,67 g/cm3.
Nu cho niken(II) oxit tc dng vi liti oxit v oxi th c cc tinh th trng c thnh phn LixNi1-xO:
x x
Li2O + (1-x)NiO + O2 LixNi1-xO
2 4
Cu trc mng tinh th ca LixNi1-xO ging cu trc mng tinh th ca NiO, nhng mt s ion
Ni c th bng cc ion liti v mt s ion Ni2+ b oxi ha bo m tnh trung ha in ca
2+

phn t. Khi lng ring ca tinh th LixNi1-xO l 6,21 g/cm3.

a) V mt mng c s ca niken(II) oxit.
b) Tnh x (chp nhn th tch ca mng c s khng thay i khi chuyn t NiO thnh LixNi1-xO).
c) Tnh phn trm s ion Ni2+ chuyn thnh ion Ni3+ v vit cng thc thc nghim n gin
nht ca hp cht LixNi1-xO bng cch dng Ni(II), Ni(III) v cc ch s nguyn.
Cu 4. (4,0 im). 1. 1,0 im; 2. 1,5 im; 3. 1,5 im.
1. 134Cs v 137Cs l sn phm phn hch ca nhin liu urani trong l phn ng ht nhn. C hai
ng v ny u phn r .
a) Vit phng trnh phn ng biu din cc phn r phng x ca 134Cs v 137Cs.
b) Tnh nng lng (eV) c gii phng trong phn ng phn r phng x ca 134Cs.
Cho: 134 134
55 Cs = 133,906700; 56 Ba = 133,904490.

2. Hng s tc ca phn ng bc 1 c xc nh bng h thc:

1 a (t l thi gian phn ng; a l nng u;
k = ln (1) x l nng cht phn ng).
t a-x
a) S phn hy axeton din ra theo phn ng:
CH3COCH3 C2H4 + H2 + CO (2)
Theo thi gian phn ng, p sut chung ca h o c l:
t (pht) 0 6,5 13 19,9
p (mmHg) 312 408 488 562
Hy chng t phn ng (2) l phn ng bc 1 v tnh hng s tc ca phn ng ny.
b) Tnh thi gian na phn ng ca phn ng (2).

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3. Cho phn ng:
1k
B (cc hng s tc phn ng k1 = 300 s1; k2 = 100 s1).
A (3)
k2
1 xe
k1 + k2 = ln (4) (xe l nng cht lc cn bng; x l nng cht phn ng).
t xe - x
thi im t = 0, ch c cht A m khng c cht B. Trong thi gian bao lu th mt na
lng cht A chuyn thnh cht B?
Cu 5. (4,5 im). 1. 1,5 im; 2. 1,5 im; 3. 1,5 im.
C 4 l ha cht (A, B, C, D) b mt nhn, mi l cha c th l dung dch ca mt trong
cc cht: HCl, H3AsO4, NaH2AsO4, cng c th l dung dch hn hp ca chng. xc nh cc
l ha cht trn, ngi ta tin hnh chun 10,00 ml mi dung dch bng dung dch NaOH 0,120
M, ln lt vi tng cht ch th metyl da cam (pH = 4,40), phenolphtalein (pH = 9,00) ring r.
Kt qu chun thu c nh sau:
Dung dch VNaOH = V1 (ml) VNaOH = V2 (ml)
chun Dng ch th metyl da cam Dng ch th phenolphtalein
A 12,50 18,20
B 11,82 23,60
C 10,75 30,00
D 0,00 13,15
1. Hy bin lun xc nh thnh phn nh tnh ca tng dung dch A, B, C, D.
2. a) Tnh nng ban u ca cht tan trong dung dch C.
b) Tnh s mol Na3AsO4 cn cho vo 10,00 ml dung dch C thu c hn hp c pH = 6,50 (coi
th tch ca dung dch khng thay i khi thm Na3AsO4 v b qua s phn li ca nc).
3. Cho hai cp oxi ha kh: H3AsO4/H3AsO3 v I3- /I- .
a) Bng tnh ton, hy cho bit chiu phn ng xy ra pH = 0 v pH =14.
b) T gi tr pH no th I3- c kh nng oxi ha c As(III)?
c) Vit phng trnh ion xy ra trong dung dch : pH = 0, pH = 14 v pH tnh c t b).
Cho: pKai(H3AsO4 ) = 2,13; 6,94; 11,50; pKa(H3AsO3 ) = 9,29 (pKa = -lgKa, vi Ka l hng s
RT
phn li axit); E0H AsO /H AsO = 0,56 V; E0I-/3I- = 0,5355 V; 25 oC: 2,303 = 0,0592;
3 4 3 3 3 F
[H3AsO4] = [H3AsO3] = 1M.
Cu 6. (3,0 im). 1. 1,5 im; 2. 1,0 im; 3. 0,5 im.
un nng hn hp kh gm O2 v SO2 c cht xc tc, xy ra phn ng:
1
O2 + SO2 SO3 (1)
2
1. Tnh hng s cn bng Kp ca phn ng 60 oC (chp nhn hiu ng nhit ca phn ng khng
ph thuc nhit ). Nhit nh hng nh th no ti trng thi cn bng ca phn ng (1)?
2. Trong mt th nghim, ngi ta a t t oxi vo mt bnh dung tch 2 lt cha 0,05 mol SO 2 c
cht xc tc (th tch ca cht xc tc khng ng k) 100 oC. Khi phn ng t ti trng thi cn
bng th c 0,03 mol SO3 c to thnh, p sut tng ca h l 1 atm. Tnh Kp.
3. Cn bng (1) s chuyn dch nh th no trong cc trng hp sau:
a) Cho mt lng He vo bnh phn ng p sut kh trong bnh tng gp i?
b) Gi thit th tch kh trong bnh tng gp i, lng He cho vo bnh phn ng ch gi cho p
sut tng khng i?
Cho cc s liu nhit ng nh sau:
Kh H0 (kJ.mol1)
sinh S0 (J.K1.mol1) C0 (J.K1.mol1)
p
SO3 -395,18 256,22 50,63
SO2 -296,06 248,52 39,79
O2 0,0 205,03 29,36

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