Ques:-Barriers to communication? Explain Any four Barriers?

Ans:-

Barriers:- Here are many reasons why interpersonal communications may fail. In many
communications, the message (what is said) may not be received exactly the way the sender
intended. It is, therefore, important that the communicator seeks feedback to check that their
message is clearly understood.

The skills of Active Listening, Clarification and Reflection may help but the skilled
communicator also needs to be aware of the barriers to effective communication and how to
avoid or overcome them.
There are many barriers to communication and these may occur at any stage in the
communication process. Barriers may lead to your message becoming distorted and you
therefore risk wasting both time and/or money by causing confusion and misunderstanding.
Effective communication involves overcoming these barriers and conveying a clear and concise
message.

1. Physical Barriers: this has to do with poor or outdated equipment used during
communications, background noise, poor lighting, temperatures that are too hot or too cold.

2. Attitudes: emotions like anger or sadness can taint objectivity. Also being extremely nervous,
having a personal agenda or needing to be right no matter what can make communications less
than effective. This is also known as Emotional Noise.

3. Language: this can seem like an easy one, but even people speaking the same language can
have difficulty understanding each other if they are from different generations or from different
regions of the same country. Slang, professional jargon and regional colloquialisms can even hurt
communicators with the best intentions.

4. Lack of Common Experience: its a great idea to use examples or stories to explain a point
that is being discussed. However, if the speaker and the audience cannot relate to these examples
because they do not have the same knowledge or have not shared the same experiences then this
tool will be ineffective.
Ques:- Name the two categories of oral communication? Explain them?

Ans:-
Oral communication implies communication through mouth. It includes individuals conversing
with each other, be it direct conversation or telephonic conversation. Speeches, presentations,
discussions are all forms of oral communication. Oral communication is generally recommended
when the communication matter is of temporary kind or where a direct interaction is required.
Face to face communication (meetings, lectures, conferences, interviews, etc.) is significant so as
to build a rapport and trust.

1. One-on-One Speaking (Student-Student or Student-Teacher): Can range from moments

punctuating a lecture, where students are asked to discuss or explain some question or problem
with the person next to them, to formal student conferences with their instructor.

2. Small-Group or Team-Based Oral Work: Smaller-scale settings for discussion, deliberation,

and problem solving. Appropriate for both large lectures and smaller classes and allows levels of
participation not possible in larger groups.