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Power Quality Improvement Using Unified Power Quality Conditioner
Power Quality Improvement Using Unified Power Quality Conditioner
NARAYANAPPA.S
Professor, Department of EEE,
Adhiyamaan College of Engineering,
Hosur - 635109, Tamilnadu, India.
narayanprajawal@gmail.com
Abstract
For economic operation of power system the level of power quality should be
properly maintained. This paper deals with a Unified Power Quality Conditioner
(UPQC) for current and voltage perturbations compensation in a power distribution
network. The system proposes PI controller for series inverter and hysteresis current
controller for shunt inverter. The performance of UPQC is implemented in
MATLAB/Simulink and simulations results are obtained depicting the power quality
improvement in the system.
Keywords - Custom Power Device, voltage sag, voltage swell, Total harmonic
distortion ,UPQC
I. INTRODUCTION
The growing use of power electronic equipment has made us to focus on power
quality. Nowadays, due to proliferation of voltage-sensitive load equipment in
industrial sector industrial processes are much more affected with the degradation in
the quality of power supply. Voltage sag is very hazardous to control/digital
equipment in process industry. A UPQC is a Custom Power Device (CPD) used as the
most cost effective active solution for voltage sag mitigation as well as current related
perturbations.
In [1] the author presents a simplified control algorithm of a
three-phase Series Active Power Filter as Power Quality
Conditioner( SAPF) compensates supply voltage unbalance and
harmonics in such a way that they do not reach the load end
resulting in low THD at the load voltage. The series APF is realized
using a three phase, three leg voltage source inverter . In [2]
The UPQC is a hybrid APF which can mitigate voltage and current related power quality
problems simultaneously. UPQC consists of 2 IGBT based VSI, one shunt and one series
cascaded by a common dc bus. The shunt inverter is connected in parallel with the load. The
output current of shunt converter is adjusted using a dynamic hysteresis
band by controlling the status of the semiconductor switches such that
output current follows the reference signal and remains in a
predetermined hysteresis band. The series inverter is connected in series with
AC line through a series transformer and acts as a voltage source to
mitigate voltage distortions by injecting suitable voltage whenever the supply
voltage undergoes sag. Control of the series inverter output is performed by
using pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques in generating the injected voltage. Thus
UPQC improves the power quality by preventing load current harmonics and by correcting
input power factor. Fig.1 shows system block diagram of a three-phase UPQC.
the series inverter and generates the switching signals such that
the voltage at the load becomes the desired sinusoidal reference
voltage.
[ ]
1 1 1
2 2 2 V
[]
v0
v
v
= 2
3
1
0
1
2
3
1
2
3
[]sa
V sb
V sc
(1)
2 2
[ ][ ]
1 1 1
2 2 2 i
[]
i0
la
i 2 1 1
= 1 i lb (2)
3 2 2
i i
0
3 3 lc
2 2
[ ][ ]
v0 0 0 i
[]
p0
p =
0 v v i (3)
q 0 v v i 0
[ ]
i c
i c = [
v v
( 2+ v 2)
v v ][
p + p loss
q ] (4)
1
if
is abc
.The hysteresis band current controller decides the switching
patterns of the devices in the shunt APF. The switching logic is
formulated as :
If i fa i fa + HB then bottom switch is turned ON whereas top switch is turned OFF (
'
S a 0, S a=1 ) .If i fa i fa HB then top switch is turned ON whereas bottom
'
switch is turned OFF ( S a 1, Sa =0 ) in leg a of the APF. Similarly, the
switches in the legs b and c are activated. Here, HB is the width
of the hysteresis band around which the reference currents.
Fig7:Load voltage
IV.CONCLUSION
The main objective of the paper was to investigate the power conditioning capabilities of the
UPQC. The instantaneous reactive power (p-q) theory control strategy has been
executed to reduce the voltage sag and voltage swell. The Shunt Active Filter is implemented
with the hysteresis band current controller because of its fast transient response and
simplicity of implementation. Total Harmonic Distortion in the load current is found to be
0.17% .The performance of the UPQC is evaluated through MATLAB / SIMULINK
environment using Simpower Systems toolbox.
REFERENCES
[4] Metin Kesler and Engin Ozdemir, A Novel Control Method for
Unified Power QualityConditioner(UPQC ) Under Non-Ideal Mains
Voltage and Unbalanced Load
Conditions, IEEE Conference on Applied Power Electronics, Feb.
2010, pp.374-379.