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    Rectum: Course & Features - The Rectum Lies in The Median

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    Dr santosh
    The rectum is the distal part of the large gut located in the posterior pelvis. It begins as a continuation of the sigmoid colon at the level of the S3 vertebrae and ends by becoming continuous with the anal canal. The rectum has two types of curvatures - anteroposterior curvatures that follow the concavity of the sacrum and coccyx, and three lateral curves. Relations of the rectum include the peritoneum, urinary bladder and prostate in males and lower vagina in females, as well as bones, muscles, vessels and nerves in the posterior pelvis. Blood supply comes from the superior and medial rectal arteries and venous drainage is into the superior and

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    Rectum: Course & Features - The Rectum Lies in The Median

    Uploaded by

    Dr santosh
    61 views4 pages
    The rectum is the distal part of the large gut located in the posterior pelvis. It begins as a continuation of the sigmoid colon at the level of the S3 vertebrae and ends by becoming continuous with the anal canal. The rectum has two types of curvatures - anteroposterior curvatures that follow the concavity of the sacrum and coccyx, and three lateral curves. Relations of the rectum include the peritoneum, urinary bladder and prostate in males and lower vagina in females, as well as bones, muscles, vessels and nerves in the posterior pelvis. Blood supply comes from the superior and medial rectal arteries and venous drainage is into the superior and

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    Rectum

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    The rectum is the distal part of the large gut located in the posterior pelvis. It begins as a continuation of the sigmoid colon at the level of the S3 vertebrae and ends by becoming continuous with the anal canal. The rectum has two types of curvatures - anteroposterior curvatures that follow the concavity of the sacrum and coccyx, and three lateral curves. Relations of the rectum include the peritoneum, urinary bladder and prostate in males and lower vagina in females, as well as bones, muscles, vessels and nerves in the posterior pelvis. Blood supply comes from the superior and medial rectal arteries and venous drainage is into the superior and

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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    61 views4 pages

    Rectum: Course & Features - The Rectum Lies in The Median

    Uploaded by

    Dr santosh
    The rectum is the distal part of the large gut located in the posterior pelvis. It begins as a continuation of the sigmoid colon at the level of the S3 vertebrae and ends by becoming continuous with the anal canal. The rectum has two types of curvatures - anteroposterior curvatures that follow the concavity of the sacrum and coccyx, and three lateral curves. Relations of the rectum include the peritoneum, urinary bladder and prostate in males and lower vagina in females, as well as bones, muscles, vessels and nerves in the posterior pelvis. Blood supply comes from the superior and medial rectal arteries and venous drainage is into the superior and

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Rectum

    It is distal part of large gut


    Situation = in the posterior part of lesser pelvic in
    front of lower 3 pieces of sacrum & coccyx
    It begins as a continuation of sigmoid colon at the
    level o S3
    It ends by becoming continuous with anal canal
    Length – 12 cm
    External features
    Course & features – the rectum lies in the median
    plane at the beginning & at the end it shows two
    types of curvatures
    a) Two anteroposterior curvatures
    1. Sacral flexure of rectum follows the concavity
    of sacrum & coccyx
    2. Perineal flexure of the rectum is the
    backward bend at the anorectal junction
    b) Three lateral curves
    1. Upper lateral curve is convex towards the Rt
    2. Middle lateral curve is convex to the Lt &
    more prominent
    3. Lower lateral curve is convex to the Rt
    Relations
    Peritoneal
    1. In upper 1/3rd peritoneum covers the anterior
    & lateral aspect
    2. In middle it covers only anterior part
    3. In lower 1/3rd there is no peritoneum
    Visceral relation
    1. Anterior
    a) In male
    In upper 1/3rd – recto-vesical pouch
    In lower 1/3rd - urinary bladder
    Terminal part of ureter
    Seminal vesicles
    Vas deference
    Prostate
    b) In female
    In upper 1/3rd - recto-uterine pouch
    In lower 1/3rd - lower part of vagina
    Posterior relations - they are same in male &
    female
    1. 3bones-Lower three pieces of sacrum ,coccyx
    & anococcygeal ligament
    2. 3 muscles - Piriformis ,coccxygeus,levator
    ani
    3. 3 vessels – medial sacral ,superior rectal
    ,lower lateral sacral
    4. Nerves – sympathetic chain , anterior
    primary rami of S3 ,S4, S5, C1
    5. Lymph nodes , lymphatics , fat
    Blood supply - superior rectal, medial rectal,
    median sacral
    Venous drainage - superior rectal, medial rectal,
    internal iliac
    Nerve supply - superior rectal sympathetic from
    L1 L2, parasympathetic from S1 S2 S3
    Supports of rectum
    1. Pelvic floor
    2. Fascia of waldeyer’s
    3. Lateral ligament of rectum
    4. Recto-vesical fascia
    5. Pelvic diaphragm
    Applied anatomy
    1. PR - per rectal examination to palpate the
    structure like in male prostate, seminal
    vesicles ,vas deference in female perineal
    body & cervix of uterus
    2. Proctoscopy & sigmoidoscopy – interior of
    rectum & anal canal can be examined by
    proctoscope or sigmoidoscope
    3. Prolapse of rectum
    4. Ca of rectum

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