TOPIC: Computer Numeric Control(CNC) Machine.

Abstract:
CNC means Computer Numerical Control. This means a computer converts the design
produced by Computer Aided Design software (CAD), into numbers. The numbers can be
considered to be the coordinates of a graph and they control the movement of the tool. In this
way, the computer controls the cutting and shaping of the material. Numerical control can be
defined as an operation of machine tools by the means of specifically coded instructions to the
machine control system. The instructions are combinations of the letters of alphabet, digits and
selected symbols, for example, a decimal point, the percent sign or the parenthesis symbols. All
instructions are written in a logical order and a predetermined form. The collection of all
instructions necessary to machine a part is called an NC program, CNC program, or a part
program. Such a program can be stored for a future use and used repeatedly to achieve identical
machining results at any time.

CNC is used in removing metal, Fabricating Metal, Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM).
CNC machines are also used in electrical industry such as CNC coil winders, CNC terminal
location and soldering machines. This machine can also be used to manufacture pcb (printed
circuit boards).

One of the advantages of using a CNC machine is their ability to reproduce a single product with
precision, from once to thousands of times and can be used continuously 24 hours a day, 365
days a year and only need to be switched off for occasional maintenance, by this the production
rate can be increased. Modern design software allows the designer to simulate the manufacture
of his/her idea. There is no need to make a prototype or a model. This saves time and money. It
can also be used for drawing complex diagrams.