FISH DIVERSITY OF RIVER EZE NEAR

ZERO VILLAGE, ROING CIRCLE, LOWER

DIBANG VALLEY DISTRICT, ARUNACHAL
PRADESH, INDIA

A
PROJECT REPORT
SUBMITTED FOR THE PARTIAL FULLFILLMENT OF B.SC, PRACTICAL
COURCES
IN ZOOLOGY MAJOR VITH SEMESTER
2017

SUBMITTED BY -
Mr. Bisari mikhu
ROLL NO. 14S00110
CLASS- BSC. ZOOLOGY MAJOR
 DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY JAWAHARLAL
NEHRU COLLEGE HILL-TOP, PASIGHAT, EAST
SIANG DISTRICT, ARUNACHAL PRADESH

Contents

Acknowledgment..........................................................1
Introduction....................................................................2
Objectives.........................................................................3
Method and materials.................................................4
Photograph of location site..........................5-8
Photograph of working in lab
Results..............................................................................9
Photograph of specimens with classification
Morphometric characters.........................10-32
Discussion.......................................................................33
Suggestion
Reference.........................................................................34
Acknowledgement:-

Preparing the research work was a tough work,

but at the same time it was also an interesting work because it was
unique work to collect a sample of fish from the river and identify
them. I am thankful to my parents for always supporting and guiding
me in every field. As for preparing the research work it was a tough
work for me but presence of Respected DR. K.K Jha sir (HOD), DR.
Kento Kadu sir, K.Taro sir, and other non teaching staff of Zoology
Department made my hard work into successful research work.

I am thankful to DR. K.K. Jha (HOD), DR. Kento

Kadu sir and K.Taro sir for their assistance and for guiding me in
proper direction throughout the research work. They provide their
best interest in completing my research work.

I shell regard myself if i will not give my thankful to

the people of Ziro village for providing kin interest in my research
work and allowing me to collect sample of fish from the river
although fishing is restricted in that area. My hearty thanks to my
Father Pota mikhu and mom Anoya mikhu and also thanks to my
friend Ashathu Apora and Bro. Apeda Rondo for helping me to
identified local species name and while collecting my sample of fish
from the river.
Introduction:-

The entire territory of Arunachal Pradesh

forms a complex hill system with varying elevation, traversed
throughout by a number of river and rivulets. The unique drainage
system of the state falls under upper Brahmaputra river system. The
Himalaya region holds variety of fish. Species of which most are cold-
water hill stream fishes. The state has 22 district and most of them
are named after the river of the state. Among the 22 district of
Arunachal Pradesh Lower Dibang Valley has various geographical
features from very low land of 120m to an altitude of 4000m
covering an area of 2900 km2. The area has numbers of River, such as
Eze, Deopani,2 km etc having rich diversity of fishes. The river Eze
(28 , Na d , E) ear Ziro village, Roing circle Lower
Dibang Valley district Arunachal Pradesh is among the largest river
having rich biological diversity of fishes. The river is also known by
the a ed Deo Pani . The river touches land of many villages such
as Ziro, Ezengo Roing town etc. Ziro village is an ECO-FRIENDLY
SOCIETY. People of Ziro village are preserving fauna and flora and
other diversity to maintain the ecological system of the area. They
implement different laws like prohibiting hunting fishing, cutting of
trees etc. Ziro river is situated 2/3 km from Roing, near Forest and
Jawaharlal Nehru Park. The river is of 1500 sq.mtr. MEHAO WILDLIFE
SANCTUARY is also situated near the area of the river Eze.
Objective

The main objective of this research work is to

give recent data regarding the fish diversity and to find out the
various indigenous, commercially important and economically viable
with ornamental value fishes found in the studied area. Till now, no
one has come to our locality for working on fish researches. The
research work was done for finding out different species of fish in
our localities. To keep a record of fish species found in the area. And
also to find out about the endanger species of fish and warn others.
As fisheries are earning as an important economic tools globally.
& plays important role in socio economic development of the
country as it is a valuable food resource for huge section of
economically backward societies like in rural areas of Arunachal
Pradesh & it also generates gainful employment, alternate
income.
Method and Materials:-

Sampling of fish were collected within a

distance of approximately 720m from river Eze which is situated near
Ziro village Roing circle Lower Dibang Valley district Arunachal
Pradesh. Three site of the river were selected for sampling of fish.
Fish were collected using modern fishing nets for avoiding
unnecessary damage to the water living and ecological system of the
area. Plastic bottles were used as a container. Sampling were done 3-
4 times from same site at the same time G P S reading record were
also maintained for the reading of elevation, longitude and latitude
of the area by using GPS device which is product of germen
company. As for record camera of canon (ixus) product were used for
capturing a photograph along with the collected fishes. The canon
(Ixus) camera which was used had a 12 optical zooming power.
Local name of the fishes were identified with the help of the local
people of Ezengo village. The fish, thus collected were preserved in
10% formalin which was provided by the department of zoology. The
collected sample were taken to the laboratory of zoology
department of Jawaharlal Nehru college, Hill top, Pasighat east Siang
district Arunachal Pradesh for the identification of the Fishes
collected with the help of teaching faculties. The collected sample
are identified and kept in Museum of zoology department,
Jawaharlal Nehru College, Hill top, Pasighat, East Siang, Arunachal
Pradesh.
Fig.1. Satellite photograph of the site and location of area
of sample collecting site.

Figure 1

Table.1 of Collection Site and location.

Sl.No. Collection site location
1. Site 1 28.197455 N and 95.759573E
2. Site 2 28.160513 N and 95.841548 E
3. Site 3 28.160513N and 95.841548 E
Fig.1.1-SITE 1. (28197455 N and 95.759753 E).
Fig.1.2. Location of site with photograph.
Fig.1.3-SITE 2 (28.160513N) and (95.841548 E).
Fig.1.4- Location of site with photograph.
Fig.1.5-SITE 3 (28.160513 N and 95.841548 E).
Fig.1.6. Location of site with photograph.
During Morphometric mesuremennt in the zoology lab.
Results: -

A total of 10 species were collected.

When the identification were done, surprisingly the fish sample
collected from river Eze (28.197455N and 95.759753E) were all
belongs to same family of Cyprinidae and same order of
Cypriniformes but with different genus. They are: - Barilius,
Danio, Garra, Mystus, Tor, Aborichthys, Chagunius, Puntius.
The fish species were collected from three different site 1 :
28.197455 N and 95.759753 E). site 2 :-( 28.160513 N and
95.841548 E), site 3 (28.160513 N and 95.841548 E), Among the
fish species collected, one species of fish called Tor tor were
recorded as Near Threatened and the remaing species fish were
recorded as least concerned according to IUCN.
 (1). Garra arupi (Gray).

Sl. Scientific Local name Order Family Place of Discoverer

no name collection
1. Garra arupi Ayungo Cyprinifor Cyprinidae Eze river Nebeshwar, Vi
shwanath & D.
-mes N. Das

(Dimensions 23202155) Fig.2.1. Garra arupi Nebeshwar, Vishwanath & D. N. Das)

Characteristic features of Garra arupi
Head small, eyes fairly large, pre-orbital longer than post-
orbital.
Mouth inferior, jaws subequal. Body colour blackish.
Lateral line complete. Scales fairly large, cycloid. Caudal forked.
Barbels two pairs, maxillary and rostral, shorter than orbit.
Dorsal fin originates little ahead of ventral.
 (2). Danio aequipinnatus(McClelland)

Sl. Scientific Local Order Family Place of Discoverer

no name name collection
2. Danio Pitika Cyprinifor Cyprinidae Eze river McClelland
aequipinnatus mes

(Dimensions 28871732) Fig.2.2. Danio aequipinnatus(McClelland)

Characteristic features of Danio aequipinnatus (Hamilton):-

Head small obtusely pointed.
Mouth oblique, superior.
Dorsal originates opposites a little ahead of anal.
Caudal forked.
Lateral line absent.
Body silvery with four alternate blue and yellow lines.
 (3). Xenentoden cancila (Hamilton)

Sl.no Scientific Local Order Family Place of Discoverer

name name collection
3. Xenentoden kookoola Beloniformes Belonidae Eze river F. Hamilton
cancila

(Dimensions 28631747) Fig.2.3.Xenentoden cancila (Hamilton)

Characteristic features of Xenentendon cancila (Hamilton):-
common names, including needlefish,
While belonging to the same family as the marine needlefish
known in Europe as gar or garpike
these fish are much more distantly related to other fishes
sometimes called gars (such as the North American gars and
South American
The freshwater garfish is widely distributed across South and
Southeast Asia from India
The dorsal and anal fins are positioned far back along the body
close to the tail.[5] The body is silvery-green, darker above and
lighter below with a dark band running horizontally along the flank
Slight sexual dimorphism exists, the male fish often having anal
and dorsal fins with black edge
While aquarium books tend to describe this fish as a predator that
eats animals such as fish and frogs, its natural diet appears to
consist almost entirely of crustaceans.
 (4). Barilius barna (Hamilton).

Sl.no Scientific Local Order Family Place of Discoverer

name name collection
4. Barilius Ayungu Cypriniformes Cyprinidae Eze river Hamilton
barna

(Dimensions 270185) Fig.2.4. Barilius berna

Characteristic features of Barilius berna (Hamilton):-

This species can grow to around 15cm and inhabits clear gravelly
hill streams.
The species is assessed as Least Concern due to its wide
distribution and the lack of any known major widespread threats. It
has also been reported as abundant in at least one country of its
range. It has minor commercial importance as a food fish but there
is no evidence that this is a great threat
It is a benthopelagic bottom feeder, that inhabits clear hill streams
with gravelly substratum, and large rivers.

Live in the Freshwater

Major threats-It is locally threatened by destructive fishing
techniques such as dynamite fishing, overexploitation, loss of
habitat, and siltation.
 (5) Barilius bendelisis (Hamilton)

Sl. Scientific Local Order Family Place of Discoverer

no name name collection
5. Barilius Lopra Cyprinifor Cyprinidae Eze River Hamiltons
bendelisis mes barila(in English)

(Dimensions 26531885) Fig.2.5 Barilius bendelisis (Hamilton)

Characteristic features of Barilius bendelisis:-

Head compressed, snout pointed.
Mouth oblique, superior.
Barbels four, rostral and maxillary, generally short.
Dorsal originates nearer to caudal base than the snout.
Lateral line complete.
Body colour silvery shot with purple and contains vertical bars,
scales tinged with black spots at the base.
 (6). Mystus cavasius (Hamilton).

Sl.no Scientific Local Order Family Place of Discoverer

name name collection
6. Mystus Echino Siluriforms Bagriformes Eze river Hamilton
cavasius

(Dimensions 27001852) Fig.2.6. Mystus cavasius

Characteristic features of Mystus cavasius (Hamilton).

Body slightly elongated, abdomen rounded.

Snout obtuse, smooth.
Mouth overhanging by snout, semi-circular, inferior; jaws sub-
equal.
Barbels two pairs, rostral and maxillary, shorter than eye
diameter.
Dorsal fin inserted between pectorals and ventral.
Caudal emarginated.
Scales moderate in size, cycloid.
Lateral line complete.
 (7). Puntius chola(Hamilton).

Sl.no Scientific Local Order Family Place of Discoverer

name name collection
7. Puntius Asubhi Cypriniformes Cyprinidae Eze river Hamilton
chola barila

( Dimensions 25141989) Fig.2.7. Puntius chola(Hamilton).

Characteristic features of Puntius chola(Hamilton) :-
Head small and compressed, snout pointed.
Mouth small, terminal. Abdomen rounded.
Berbels a maxillary pair, shorter than eye diameter.
Dorsal fin with small and entire spine, inserted between
pectorals and ventral.
Scales small, cycloid. Caudal forked. Lateral line complete.
Body colour silvery with two blotches, one at caudal base and
the other at 1-3 branched rays of dorsal and also an elongated
black sterak present just behind operculum.
 (8). Aborichthys elongtus (Hamilton).

Sl.no Scientific Local Order Family Place of Discoverer

name name collection
8. Aborichthys Ahkangu Eze river Hora
Cypriniformes Nemacheilidae
elongtus

(Dimensions 21111800) Fig.2.8. Aborichthys elongtus

Characteristic features of Aborichthys enlongtus (Hora).
Body elongated. Abdomen rounded. Head small.
eyes almost at the middle of head placed dorso-laterally
Snout rounded
and papillated
Mouth inferior, lips thick
Barbels six, two pairs maxillary and one pair rostral, longer than
eye diameter
Ventral fin inserted ahead of dorsal
Caudal fin almost rounded. Scale minute. Lateral line
incomplete.Colour yellowish with black bands all over the body
and one at the tip of the caudal fin.
 (9). Channa puntatus (Hamilton).

Sl.no Scientific Local Order Family Place of Discoverer

name name collection
9. Channa Arebhu Eze river Bloch
Perciformes Channidae
puntatus

(Dimensions 27001852) Fig.2.9. Channa puntatus

Characteristic features of Channa puntatus (Bloch).

Mouth moderately wide.

, cleft reaching to anterior margin of orbit.
Lateral line curves downwards at 2nd to 4th anal rays.
] Body colour blackish with several deep black bands
passes from dorsal to ventral, caudal with alternate black
bands.
 (10). Tor putitora (Hamilton).

Sl.no Scientific Local Order Family Place of Discoverer

name name collection
10. Tor Eze river Hamilton
Abrotherapa Cypriniformes Cyprinidae
putitora

(Dimensions 270185) Fig.2.10. Tor putitora

Characteristic features of Tor putitora (Hamilton).
Tor putitora, the Putitor mahseer, Himalayan mahseer,
or golden mahseer, is an endangered species
of cyprinid fish.
This are found in rapid streams, riverine pools, and lakes
in the Himalayan region and south Asia, ranging from Iran
etc
east to Thailand.[1] It is a popular gamefish, the largest
species of mahseer, though most caught today are far
smaller.
It is threatened by habitat loss, habitat
degradation and overfishing, and it already has declined by
more than an estimated 50%.[1] This omnivorous species.
The Indian golden mahseer is distinguished from others in
the mahseer family by its long snout and slender body. Its
caudal, pelvic, and anal fins show tint of reddish-golden
color. While the body above its lateral line is generally
golden in color at adulthood, the gold color might be
absent in young specimens.
Discussion:-
According to the IUCN category of red list Tor tor a species of fish
belong to Cyprinidae family and Cypriniformes order has been
categorised as a ear threate ed Species. It ea s this species of
fish mention above might extinct in the near future until unless a
step is taken to protect them.

Demand of fish is growing along with the rapid growth of

population. As fish being the healthy food, some species of fish has
already extinct according to the IUCN red list and some are near to
threatened. In some place extinction of fish is experienced. So,
different laws such as (restriction of using of chemicals, generator,
blasting materials etc) have been implant to protect them.

Suggestion:-
Beside restriction different rule should be implements to protect or
to avoid extinction of resources which nature has given us. Like:-

Not only species of fish should be protected, we should also

conserve the nature.
We should avoid using chemicals such as bleaching, generator
and other blasting materials.
Natural technique of catching fish should be encouraged.
Protected area should be there for conserving the natural
resources.
A law of punishment should be made by the village community
for the person not following those rules.
Everyone should take step for protecting the natural resources.
References:-

1. Mahanta & Sharma (2010)

2. Fishes of north east India, w. Vismanath, w.s. lakra, u.k. sarkar
3. Bagra, k., Das, D.N. (2010). Fish diversity of river siyom of
Arunachal Pradesh India: a case study. Our nature 8: 164-169
4. Johnson, J.A., Ramesh, R.K., Sen., S. And Sreenivasa, M. R.
(2012). Fish diversity and assemblage structure in Ken River of
Panna landscape, central India. Journal of Threatened Taxa.
4(13): 3161-3172.
5. www.iucnredlist.org
6. Bagra, K., K. Kadu, K.N. Sharma, B.A. Laskar, U.k. Sarkar and
D.N. Das (2009). Ichthyological survey and review of the
checklist of fish fauna of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Checklist
5(2): 330-350.