To execute repeated subtotals is necessary to uncheeck: replace current

subtotals;

To add a new worksheet you should use;insert/worksheet.

The cell with a black border is called: an active cell;

An absolute reference is:$A$4;

It is possible to do sorting by more than one field?yess;

How many ways are to view a spreadsheet:3

To applay an advanced filter for 2003: data/filter/autofilter.advanced

The syntax of the workbook is =sheet3!A1

Any list of data can be a database in Excel, as long as it is entered according

to the specific rules:

1. Column Headings

- Must appear at the top of the list

- Must be formatted differently than the data (i.e. bold, all caps, italicize,
border on the bottom)

2. Data must begin directly below column headings.

3.Blank rows/columns cant split apart the data

. Each column contains the same category of data in every row in the column
(similar to a field in a database)

5. The first row of the list must contain a unique name at the top of each
column. This first row does not need to be the first row of the worksheet

6.Data in a column must be in the same format for every row in the column
(i.e. numbers cant be spelled out in one row and entered as digits in the rest
of the rows in that column)

Subtotals are an ideal way to get totals of several columns of data that
need to be broken down in several different categories.

The Subtotal can help you insert the SUM, AVERAGE, COUNT, MIN, MAX and
other formulas that you need.

1. Make sure that each column in a range of data for which you want to
calculate subtotals has a label in the first row, contains similar facts in
each column, and that the range does not include any blank rows or
columns.

2. To subtotal a list, you first sort the list on the field for which you want
the subtotals.

3. Select a cell in the range.

4. On the Data tab, in the Outline group, click Subtotal.

The Subtotal dialog box is displayed.

The Advanced Filter can be used to perform more complex filtering than the
basic Autofilter.

When you use the Advanced Filter, you need to enter the criteria on the
worksheet. Create a Criteria range above your data set.

To perform an advanced filter is necessary to specify a list_range and

a criteria_range.

List range -The range of cells that you want to filter. This range should
include headers at the top of each column.

Criteria range - A range of cells (generally positioned above or below

the list_range), in which the filtering criteria are specified.

To applay the advanced filter you should:

1. Select the Data tab

2. Select Advanced from the Filter options.

3. Complete the Advanced filter dialog box.

4. Press OK button.

When you sort a database, you arrange the records (or rows) in a specific
order, according to the entries in one or more fields.

1.Click anywhere in the column (field) by which you want to sort. Do NOT
select all the cells in that column; just click one cell.

2. Click one of the Sort buttons

3. Select the A-Z or Z-A options, representing lowest to highest, or highest to

lowest, respectively.

To sort by more than one field:

1. click anywhere in the database, and click either the Sort button in the
Data tab.

2. Complete Sort dialog box by clicking the Sort By drop-down arrow and
select the necessary fields.

3. To add a second sort key, you can do so by accessing the Add Level tab.

Using a filter allows you to work with a portion of the records in your
database by extracting only records that match a set of criteria and hiding
rows that you do not want be displayed.

After you filter data, you can copy, find, edit, format, chart, and print
the subset of filtered data without rearranging or moving it.

You can also filter by more than one column. Filters are additive, which
means that each additional filter is based on the current filter and further
reduces the subset of data.
Autofilter

It lets you identify which data you want to see with a couple of clicks, and in
a couple of seconds.

1. Select a cell within the database

2. From the Data tab, select Filter

3. A pull-down list will be placed next to each column heading within the
selected database.

The excel Top 10 AutoFilter is accessed by way of the AutoFilter selection list.

First, activate theAutoFilter function for your table by clicking

the Filter button in the Sort & Filter group, on the Datatab.

Click the filter arrow on Costthe column. In the selection list that
appears, select theNumber Filters option, and then click excel Top
10
In the excel Top 10 AutoFilter dialog box, you have several options

Use the Custom AutoFilter dialog box ,to locate records that either
match all criteria or meet one or the other criteria. You can use this method
for more flexibility when filtering text (for example, to filter the records
where the last name begins with D letter):

1.Click the filter arrow for the text column by which you want to
filter data.(A drop-down list of filter options appears.)

2. Point to Text Filters in the drop-down list.(A submenu of comparison

filters appears)

3. Select a text filter. (he Custom AutoFilter dialog box appears.)

A formula is an expression which calculates the value of a cell and begins

with equal sign.

To enter a formula, execute the following steps:

1. Select a cell.

2. To let Excel know that you want to enter a formula, type an equal
sign (=), then type the formula A1+A2.

3. Press Enter.

Parts of a formula:

1. Functions: The SUM() function

2. Cell references: A1, A2, A4

3. Constants: Numbers or text values entered directly into a formula, such

as 2 or university.
4. Operators: The ^ (caret) operator raises a number to a power, and the
* (asterisk) operator multiplies.

Excel follows the same order of operations that you use in maths.

Moving from left to right in formulas, the order of operations is as

follows:

1. Parenthesis

2. Exponents

3. Multiplication and division

4. Addition and subtraction

A cell reference means the cell to which another cell refers.

Relative referencing this means that when you copy the same formula to
another cell you want only the formula and not the same answer.

Absolute referencing - This means the cell reference stays the same if you
copy or move the cell to any other cell.

Mixed referencing - This means you can choose to anchor either the row or
the column when you copy or move the cell, so that one changes and the
other does not

##### error

Increase the column width

#NAME? error

It occurs when Excel does not recognize text in a formula.

Simply correct SU to SUM.

#VALUE! error

Excel displays the #VALUE! error when a formula has the wrong type of
argument.

1.Change the value of cell A3 to a number.

2. Use a function to ignore cells that contain text

#DIV/0! Error

Excel displays the #DIV/0! error when a formula tries to divide a number by
0 or an empty cell.

1a. Change the value of cell A2 to a value that is not equal to 0.

1b. Prevent the error from being displayed by using the logical function IF.

#REF! error
Excel displays the #REF! error when a formula refers to a cell that is not
valid.

To fix this error, you can either delete +#REF! in the formula of cell B1 or
you can undo your action by clicking Undo in the Quick Access Toolbar (or
press CTRL + z).

A function is a preset formula in Excel.

Like formulas, functions begin with the equal sign ( = ) followed by the
function's name and its arguments. The function name tells Excel what
calculation to perform. The arguments are contained inside round brackets

The advantage of using a function:

Saves time writing

Simplifies complex calculations

Faster execution

Less chance of typographical errors

Fewer characters in the formula bar

The general format of a function is - =Functionname(arguments)

Arguments argument variables are used by the function to calculate

the result. Arguments appear in a specific order.

Syntax specific format required to use a function its name and

order of arguments

Result the value calculated by the function

Excel Pivot tables is a great feature available in Excel that lets us

summarize data in the spreadsheet. Using Pivot Tables we can reorganize,
sort, count, total or give the average of the data stored in one table or
spreadsheet, displaying the results in a second table what is the called pivot
table and showing the summarized data

If you are familiar with standard charts, you will find that most operations are
the same in PivotChart reports. However, there are some differences:

Row/Column orientation: Unlike a standard chart, you cannot switch

the row/column orientation of a PivotChart report by using the Select
Data Source dialog box. However, you can pivot the Row and Column
labels of the associated PivotTable report to achieve the same effect.

Chart types: You can change a PivotChart report to any chart type
except an xy (scatter), stock, or bubble chart.

Source data: Standard charts are linked directly to worksheet cells.

PivotChart reports are based on the data source of the associated
PivotTable report. Unlike a standard chart, you cannot change the chart
data range in the Select Data Source dialog box of a PivotChart report.
Formatting: Most formatting including chart elements that you add,
layout, and style is preserved when you refresh a PivotChart report.
However, trendlines, data labels, error bars, and other changes to data sets
are not preserved. Standard charts do not lose this formatting once it is
applied. Although you cannot directly resize the data labels in a PivotChart
report, you can increase the font size of the text to effectively resize the
labels.

To create a chart in Excel, you start by entering the numeric data for the
chart on a worksheet. Then, select a cell from the set of data and choose one
of the chart options.

The Charts tool in Excel will expect the data to be laid out as shown
here, with row and column titles.