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Types of Grading Schemes: Definitions and Historical Background

Type of Grading Definition Historical Background

Most common
method in use in high
schools and grading colleges
Using a percentage scale (percent of 100), usually c.18901910.
Percentage grading based on percent correct on exams and/or percent
of points earned on assignments
Used today as a
grading method or as a way
of arriving at letter grades.

Yale used a four-

category variations system in
1813.
Using a series of letters (often A, B, C, D, F) or
Letter grading and letters with plusses and minuses as an ordered In the 1920 letter
variations category scale - can be done in a norm-referenced grading was seen as the
(standards-based) manner solution to the problem of
reliability of percentage
grading (fewer or criterion-
referenced categories) and
was increasingly adopted.

Was advocated in
early grading 1900s as
Comparing students to each other; using class scientific measurement.
Norm-referenced
standing as the basis for assigning grades (usually
grading
letter grades) Educational
disadvantages were known
by the 1930s.

Originating in the
Grading students as masters or passers when 1920s (e.g., Morrison, 1926)
their attainment reaches a prespecified level, as a grading strategy, it
Mastery grading became associated with the
usually allowing different amounts of time for
different students to reach mastery educational strategy of
mastery learning (Bloom,
Hastings, & Madaus, 1971).

In 1851, the
Using a scale with two levels (pass and fail), University of Michigan
Pass/Fail
sometimes in connection with mastery grading experimented with pass/fail
grading for classes.

Standards (or Originally, comparing student performance to a

Absolute-Standards) preestablished standard (level) of performance; Grading according to
grading currently, standards grading sometimes means standards of performance
grading with reference to a list of state or district
 has been championed since
the grading 1930s as more
educationally sound than
norm-referenced grading.

Current advocates of
standards grading use the
same principle but the term
content standards according to preestablished "standard is now used for
performance levels the criterion itself, not the
level of performance.

Since 2002, the

scales on some standards-
based report cards use the
state accountability
(proficiency) reporting
categories instead of letters.

Using a normal
Writing comments about students achievement,
Narrative grading either in addition to or instead of using numbers or instructional practice
letters (describing students work) in
an assessment context.

Academic grading in the Philippines

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Tertiary schools in the Philippines have different grading systems. Most universities and colleges, particularly those
established by the government, follow the grade point system scale of 5.00 to 1.00, in which 1.00 is the highest
possible grade and 5.00 is the lowest possible grade.

Some universities may follow the 1.00 4.00 grading system, which is patterned after the U.S. grading system. This
system uses the 4.00 grade point equivalence as the highest grade, while 1.00 grade point equivalence is considered
the lowest possible grade. 0.00 grade point equivalence is considered a failing mark.

GWA, or general weighted average, is a representation (often numerical) of the overall scholastic standing of
students used for evaluation. GWA is based on the grades in all subjects taken at a particular level including subjects
taken outside of the curriculum. Representation of the subjects taken only in a specific curriculum is called CWA,
or curriculum weighted average.[1][2]

Contents

1Percentage Equivalent (6599)

2Grade point scale

3Letter grade system

4See also

5References

Percentage Equivalent (6599)[edit]

University Of Baguio Grading Point System

Grade in Percentage Equivalent Letter Grade * % Number Equivalent*

Grade point scale[edit]

Far Eastern University Grade Point System

(Effective since A.Y. 2013)[3]
Written Grade Grade Point Equivalence Equivalence Description
A 4.00 95 100% Excellent
B+ 3.50 89 94% Very Good
B 3.00 83 88% Very Good
C+ 2.50 77 82% Good
C 2.00 71 76% Satisfactory
D+ 1.50 65 - 70% Satisfactory
D 1.00 60 64% Passed
F 0.00 Below 59% Failed
AW 0% Authorized Withdrawal
National University-Manila Grade Point System
[4]
Grade Point Equivalence Equivalence Description
4.00 96 100% Excellent
3.50 91 95% Very Good
3.00 87 90% Good
2.50 84 86% Above Satisfactory
2.00 81 83% Satisfactory
1.50 78 - 80% Fair
1.00 75 77% Passed
0.00 Failure Failed
R Repeat Repeat/Failed
DR Officially Dropped Officially Dropped
W Unofficially Dropped Unofficially Dropped
INC Incomplete Incomplete
Silliman University Grade Point System
(Effective since June 1992)
Numerical Grade Point Equivalent Percentage Description
4.0, 3.9, 3.8 97 100% Excellent
3.7, 3.6, 3.5, 3.4 3.3 93 96% Superior
3.2, 3.9, 3.0, 2.9, 2.8 89 92% Good
2.7, 2.6, 2.5, 2.4, 2.3 85 88% Above Average
2.2, 2.1, 2.0, 1.9, 1.8 81 84% Average
1.7, 1.6, 1.5, 1.4, 1.3 77 80% Below Average
1.2, 1.1, 1.0 73 76% Passing
0.0 72 and below Failure
Adventist University of the Philippines, De La Salle University, De
La Salle-College of Saint Benilde, De La Salle University-
Dasmarias, De La Salle Health Sciences Institute & FEU Institute of
Technology Grade Point System
Grade Point Equivalence Description Equivalence
4.00 Excellent 97% 100%
3.50 Superior 93% 96%
3.00 Very Good 89% 92%
2.50 Good 85% 88%
2.00 Satisfactory 80% 84%
1.50 Fair 75% 79%
1.00 Pass 70% 74%
0.00 Fail Below 70%
De La Salle University-Manila, De La Salle University-Dasmarias, De La Salle Health
Sciences Institute and De La Salle-College of Saint Benilde Latin Honors
Latin Honors Grade Point Equivalence Range
Summa Cum Laude 3.800 4.000
Magna Cum Laude 3.600 3.799
Cum Laude 3.400 3.599

Other universities, such as the Ateneo de Manila University and its sister schools, use the letter grade system with
varied grade equivalence range.

University of Santo Tomas, and Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng

Maynila Latin Honors.
Latin Honors Grade Point Equivalence Range
Summa Cum Laude 1.00 1.20
Magna Cum Laude >1.21 1.45
Cum Laude >1.45 1.75
University of Santo Tomas Grade Point System
Grade Point Equivalence Equivalence Description
1.00 96% 100% Excellent
1.25 94% <95% Very Good
1.50 92% <93% Very Good
1.75 89% <91% Good
2.00 87% <88% Good
2.25 84% <86% Good
2.50 82% <83% Fair
2.75 79% <81% Fair
3.00 75% <78% Pass
5.00 Below 75% Failure
INC Incomplete
FA Failure due to Absences
WP Withdrew with Permission
WF Withdrew without Permission (Failure)
University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Civil Law and Faculty of Medicine and
Surgery Latin Honors
Latin Honors Grade Point Equivalence Range Equivalence
Summa Cum Laude 1.00 1.50 92% and above
Magna Cum Laude 1.51 1.85 88.5% to 91.9%
Cum Laude 1.86 2.10 86% to 88.4%

Prerequisite for UST's Latin Honors or Dean's Lister distinction are the following: QPI should be at least 86%, no
grade below 80% for any subject in the given semester, and the student should obtain a good moral character.

Letter grade system[edit]

 Ateneo de Davao University Letter Grade System
Quality Point Equivalence Letter Grade Equivalence % Equivalence
4.0 A 92% 100%
3.5 B+ 88% 91%
3.0 B 84% 87%
2.5 C+ 80% 83%
2.0 C 76% 79%
1.0 D 72% 75%
0.0 F 71% and lower
Ateneo de Manila University Letter Grade System
Grade Point Equivalence Letter Grade Equivalence % Equivalence
4.0 A 92% 100%
3.5 B+ 87% 91%
3.0 B 83% 86%
2.5 C+ 79% 82%
2.0 C 75% 78%
1.0 D 70% 74%
0.0 F below 70%

Most academic departments in the university follow a grading system with the 70% passing grade. Some
departments, such as the Department of Finance and Accounting and departments from the Ateneo School of Science
and Engineering follow a 50% or 60% passing grade.

Ateneo de Manila University Latin Honors

Latin Honors Grade Point Equivalence Range
Summa Cum Laude 3.87 4.00
Magna Cum Laude 3.70 3.86
Cum Laude 3.50 3.69

More importantly, Philippine universities do not have standard grade equivalence. Different universities have varied
equivalence range, while passing grades are subject to imposed academic quality of an institution.

International School Manila Letter Grade System

Grade Point Equivalence Letter Grade Equivalence % Equivalence
4.0 A 94% 100%
3.7 A 90% 93%
3.3 B+ 87% 89%
3.0 B 83% 86%
2.7 B 80% 82%
2.3 C+ 77% 79%
2.0 C 73% 76%
1.7 C 70% 72%
1.3 D+ 67% 69%
1.0 D 63% 66%
0.7 D 60% 62%
0.0 F below 60%

See also[edit]

General Weighted Average

References[edit]

1. Jump up^ - Learning Styles in the University of the Philippines College of Medicine[permanent dead link].
Accessed February 14, 2009.

2. Jump up^ http://ovcaa.upd.edu.ph/UPD_FACULTY_MANUAL_2003.pdf

3. Jump up^ http://www.feu.edu.ph/manila/index.php/system-of-grading/

4. Jump up^ http://www.national-u.edu.ph/

Kindergarten

Republic Act 10157, or "The Kindergarten Education Law" made Kindergarten the compulsory and mandatory entry
stage to basic education. Section 2 of this Act provides that all five (5)-year old children shall be given equal
opportunities for Kindergarten Education to effectively promote their physical, social, emotional and intellectual
development, including values formation so they will be ready for school. This was so since the Department of
Education (DepEd) believes that Kindergarten is the transition period from informal to formal literacy (Grades 1-12)
considering that age five (5) is within the critical years where positive experiences must be nurtured to ascertain
school readiness.

Various researches support that this is the period of greatest growth and development, when the brain develops most
rapidly and almost at its fullest. It is also the stage when self- esteem, vision of the world and moral foundations are
established. Teachers/parents/caregivers/adults should therefore be guided to facilitate explorations of our young
learners in an engaging and creative curriculum that is developmentally appropriate which immerse them in
meaningful experiences. Provision of varied play-based activities leads them to becoming emergent literates and,
helps them to naturally acquire the competencies to develop holistically. They are able to understand the world by
exploring their environment as they are encouraged to create and discover, that eventually leads them to becoming
willing risk takers and ready to tackle formal school works.

Grade 1 to 10 Subjects

Mother Tongue

Filipino

English

Mathematics

Science

Araling Panlipunan

Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao (EsP)

 Music

Arts

Physical Education

Health

Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP)

Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE)

AGRI-FISHERY ARTS

HOME ECONOMICS

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY (ICT)

INDUSTRIAL ARTS

Senior High School Core Curriculum Subjects

Oral Communication

Reading and Writing

Komunikasyon at Pananaliksik sa Wika at Kulturang Filipino

Pagbasa at Pagsusuri ng Ibat Ibang Teksto Tungo sa Pananaliksik

21stCentury Literature from the Philippines and the World

Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions

Media and Information Literacy

 General Mathematics

Statistics and Probability

Earth and Life Science

Physical Science

Introduction to Philosophy of the Human Person / Pambungad sa Pilosopiya ng Tao

Physical Education and Health

Personal Development / Pansariling Kaunlaran

Understanding Culture, Society, and Politics

Earth Science (taken instead of Earth and Life Science for those in the STEM Strand)

Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction (taken instead of Physical Science for those in the STEM Strand)

Senior High School Applied Track Subjects

English for Academic and Professional Purposes

Practical Research 1

Practical Research 2

Filipino sa Piling Larang

 Akademik

Isports

Sining

Tech-Voc

Empowerment Technologies (for the Strand)

Entrepreneurship

Inquiries, Investigations and Immersion

Academic Track

Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM) Strand

Sample Scheduling of Subjects

1. Applied Economics

2. Business Ethics and Social Responsibility

3. Fundamentals of Accountancy, Business and Management 1

4. Fundamentals of Accountancy, Business and Management 2

5. Business Math

6. Business Finance

7. Organization and Management

8. Principles of Marketing

9. Work Immersion/Research/Career Advocacy/Culminating Activity i.e. Business Enterprise Simulation

Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS) Strand

Sample Scheduling of Subjects

1. Creative Writing / Malikhaing Pagsulat

2. Introduction to World Religions and Belief Systems

3. Creative Nonfiction

4. Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century Culture

5. Philippine Politics and Governance

6. Community Engagement, Solidarity, and Citizenship

7. Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences

8. Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

9. Work Immersion/Research/Career Advocacy/Culminating Activity

Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Strand

Sample Scheduling of Subjects

1. Pre-Calculus

2. Basic Calculus

3. General Biology 1

4. General Biology 2

5. General Physics 1

6. General Physics 2

7. General Chemistry 1 and 2

8. Work Immersion/Research/Career Advocacy/Culminating Activity

General Academic Strand

1. Humanities 1*

2. Humanities 2*

3. Social Science 1**

4. Applied Economics

5. Organization and Management

6. Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction

7. Elective 1 (from any Track/Strand)***

8. Elective 2 (from any Track/Strand)***

9. Work Immersion/Research/Career Advocacy/Culminating Activity

Pre-Baccalaureate Maritime

Sample Scheduling of Subjects

1. Pre-Calculus

2. Basic Calculus

3. General Physics 1

4. General Physics 2

5. General Chemistry 1

6. Introduction to Maritime Career

7. Introduction to Maritime Safety

8. Introduction to Marine Transportation and Engineering

9. Work Immersion/Research/Career Advocacy/Culminating Activity