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Fracture Gradient Determination PDF
Fracture Gradient Determination PDF
Fracture Gradient Determination PDF
KMK = 0.69 De =
[15050-(.815*15050)]/.535
= 5204
Example 4.8
gfi = 0.61*(1-.815)+.815 = .928 psi/ft
Depth where
t = 100 sec/ft
Penebakers Effective Stress Ratio
Example 4.9
Re-work Example 4.8 using Penebakers
correlations where the travel time of 100
sec/ft is at 10,000
Example 4.9
At 8110
gfi = 0.77(0.945 - 0.465) + 0.465
gfi = 0.835 psi/ft
At 15050
gfi = 0.94(0.984 - 0.815) + 0.815
gfi = 0.974 psi/ft
Eatons Gulf Coast Correlation
Based on offshore LA in moderate water
depths
E
g fi = (g ob g p ) + g p
1 E
Note the bracketed Poisson' s ratio term
is an effective stress ratio
Mitchells approximation
Mitchells approximation
Mitchells approximation
Example 4.10
Example 4.10
Summary
Note that all the methods take into
consideration the pore pressure gradient.
Leak-off
Propagation
Example 4.22 - 2
Interpret the leak-off test.
Solution
Pfi = 1730 + .483*5500 - 50
1730 psi = leak off pressure
0.483 psi/ft = mud gradient in well
5500 depth of casing seat
50 psi = pump pressure to break circulation
Pfi = 4337 psi = 0.789 psi/ft = 15.17 ppg
What could cause this?
Max. CP = 39 psi