Strategy Description When Teacher or Learning Differences Example/Links

Student
Centered?
Incorporated into
a lesson plan in
teaching field
Journal Entry Students keep a journal This strategy is Teacher Centered Verbal learners http://www.guampedia.co
throughout the course, useful when benefit due to use of m/lesson-plan-journal-4/
unit, or learning covering lengthy written words
segment to keep track concepts such as This lesson plan has
of knowledge, WWII. This Solitary learners are students create historical
understandings, strategy is also allowed to complete journals based on specific
questions, concepts, useful when the journals alone historical time periods and
ideas, covering concepts without the events
feelings/emotions that require participation of others
related to current topic, students to use https://reading.ecb.org/tea
etc. Teacher will read insight and form Visual learners can cher/pdfs/lessons/mc_lp_d
journal entries on a opinions such as benefit through being ouble-entry_journal.pdf
regular basis in order when discussing able to create their
to gauge students human rights and own special layout This activity provides
overall understanding genocide. including both words students with a more
of concept. and pictures/doodles structured form of journal
entry through a graphic
organizer
Lectures Lectures allow teachers Lectures can be Teacher Centered Verbal learners https://www.lanecc.edu/sit
to transmit information used to introduce benefit through the es/default/files/aviationaca
to the class. Lectures a topic that is not use of spoken and
demy/05-
should be relatively in the text, to written words
short (one minute per summarize throughout the lecture lecturemethod.doc
year of age). Lectures information into a
are more effective more cohesive Auditory learners Link provides document
when the presentation overview, and to benefit from being that lists various lecture
is sincere, lively, and focus the students able to listen to types as well as how to
 well planned. Lectures on important teacher speak about a prepare of lecture lesson
can be accompanied by information. specific topic plan and various benefit
readings, power points,
and weaknesses of using
class discussions, and Social learners
various other activities benefit through the lectures
as to get students more social aspect of class
involved in what the discussion during a
teacher is presenting. lecture

Analyzing Visual Helps lead students in This strategy Teacher Centered Visual learners https://www.facinghistory.
Images and a critical analysis of an would be benefit through the org/resource-
Stereotyping image. Helps students effective when use of images and library/teaching-
develop and enhance studying visual visual representations strategies/analyzing-
observational, images such as visual-images-and-
interpretive, and propaganda from Logical learners stereotyping
critical thinking skills. various countries benefit through trying
Through this strategy during WII. This to make reason out of Link provides the
students will develop strategy would images rationale behind using
awareness of historical also be useful analyzing visual images as
context, develop when studying Verbal learners can well as provides a
critical thinking skills visual images of benefit through using procedure to use when
regarding visual the Civil Rights words to express using this teaching
images, enhance their Movement (ex. meaning and feelings strategy
observation and Pictures of that images represent
interpretive skills, and marches and http://www.getty.edu/educ
develop conceptual influential people, Social learners ation/teachers/classroom_r
learning techniques. racial driven benefit through esources/curricula/explori
posters, and art teaming in pairs or ng_photographs/lesson01.
created during groups to analyze and html
that time period. gain different
interpretations of This lesson plan requires
images students to work in teams
to learn how to analyze,
 interpret, and reflect on
visual images.

Assigning roles for Assigning group roles Teacher may use Teacher Centered Having the teacher https://www.facinghistory.
group work allows for equal this strategy when choose which group org/resource-
participation and assigning group members assume library/teaching-
accountability during work for the which roles, allows strategies/assigning-roles-
group work. Students class. This for the teacher to group-work
develop a variety of strategy is assign roles based on
skills while practicing effective when strengths and Link is to description of
different roles. Some some students weaknesses. Teacher benefits of teacher
examples of roles are: tend to take on can assign roles to assigned group roles. Link
summarizer, artist, most of the challenge students lists several individual
vocabulary helper, responsibility or learning styles or to roles often used in group
recorder, presenter, very little of the enhance students assignments.
spokesperson, responsibility in a learning styles.
reflector, elaborator, group assignment.
devils advocate, Group work is
harmonizer, etc. beneficial for social
learners and verbal
learners due to the
amount of
socialization and
communication
needed to complete
group assignments.
Can be used as
assessment
Museum Display Use of a variety of Can be used when Teacher Centered Visual learners http://www.learnnc.org/lp/
media to create studying concepts benefit due to the pages/5264
exhibits that engage such as slavery or various visual aspects
the viewer with the Civil Rights of the assignment 8th grade lesson plan
varying perspectives Movement. Can pertaining daily life of
 on a historical or also be used when Social learners slaves. In lesson, students
contemporary issue. studying various benefit through the are placed into groups and
The cumulative display wars. use of groups to then given a different
may leave the decision complete the display aspect of the daily life of a
about the question to slave. Students are then to
the viewer or seek to Verbal learners research and create a
persuade toward a benefit from reading museum exhibit
particular to research topic and representing their assigned
interpretation. writing as part of the aspect. This particular
display lesson takes 3 days.

Kinesthetic learners
benefit by being
allowed to move
around the classroom
to view each display
Quiz There is usually a Can be used when Teacher Centered Verbal learners http://www.helpteaching.c
single best answer. assessing students benefit through the om/questions/Social_Studi
Examples: for factual reading and writing es/Grade_8
Multiple Choice information, of questions and
True/False concepts and answers Example questions for an
Short Answer discrete skills. 8th grade quiz
Paper and Pencil This teaching Solitary learners
Matching strategy can be benefit from http://www.softschools.co
Extended Response used when completing the quiz m/quizzes/social_studies/
learning any by themselves and
concept to test not having to rely on Links to quiz questions on
knowledge of others various social studies
learned topics
information. If quiz is given
through auditory
prompts then that
would benefit
 auditory learners

Using visual images

throughout the quiz
will be beneficial for
visual learners
Pencil-Paper Students respond This strategy can Teacher Centered Verbal learners http://www.teachthought.c
Assessment individually to short, be used in any benefit from being om/pedagogy/assessment/
pencilpaper formative unit of study to able to read test 20-simple-assessment-
or summative gauge how well questions and answer strategies-can-use-every-
assessments of skills students are the questions with day/
and knowledge taught learning written responses.
in the lesson. Teachers knowledge and Link provides description
may elect to have developing Solitary learners on formative pencil-paper
students self-correct. understanding. benefit from assessment
The teacher collects This strategy can completion of
assessment results to also be used at the assessment on their http://study.com/academy/
monitor individual end of lessons, own lesson/forms-of-
student progress and to learning assessment-informal-
inform future segments, and Visual learners would formal-paper-pencil-
instruction. Both units to test for benefit from the use performance-
student and teacher can knowledge and of images on the assessments.html
quickly assess whether understanding assessment
the student acquired Link provides uses for
the intended pencil-paper assessment
knowledge and skills. as well as describes other
forms of assessment
Thumbs Up Using the thumbs This strategy can Teacher Centered Kinesthetic learners http://www.stma.k12.mn.u
Thumbs Down up/thumbs down be used with any benefit from being s/documents/DW/Q_Com
strategy with students concept in social able to physically p/FormativeAssessStrategi
is one way to studies to show to teacher es.pdf
determine whether determine if whether they
students understand the students are understand or not Link provides description
 information presented. learning Auditory learners of and uses for a thumbs
After introducing knowledge benefit from listening up thumbs down
students to new presented. Best to teacher questions assessment. Link also
learning, do a quick used frequently and clarifications provides examples of 59
comprehension check (aka at the end of more teaching strategies
to see if students lessons/learning Social learners that can be used as an
understand the segments) rather benefit from assessment.
information presented. than at the end of discussion of unclear
Ask students to give a a larger unit. concepts with peers http://www.teachingideas.
thumbs up if they co.uk/maths/thumbs-up-
understand and a Verbal learners thumb-down
thumbs down if they benefit from
dont understand and discussion of unclear Link provides lesson plan
need more information concepts for thumbs up thumbs
down assessment with
variation of original
description. In this
variation a student or
group is asked a question,
then after student/group
answers question the class
is asked to give a thumbs
up if they agree and
thumbs down if they
disagree
Teach/reinforce
literacy
Annotating and Teaching students how This strategy can Teacher Centered Verbal learners https://www.facinghistory.
Paraphrasing to annotate and be implemented benefit from learning org/resource-
Sources paraphrase texts allows when the teacher how to new skills library/teaching-
for more in depth has introduced a when reading and strategies/annotating-and-
analysis and piece of writing writing paraphrasing-sources
understanding of text that students will
 and concepts. revisit throughout Logical learners can Link provides rationale
Examples of the unit. This benefit by making for teaching annotating
annotations are: strategy can also sense of text and and paraphrasing skills as
underlining, writing be used when putting different well as provides a
notes, writing teacher is trying elements of the text procedure for teaching it
questions, writing to encourage in a logical order
margin notes, writing students to have
definitions, etc. deep Solitary learners can
Students learn to take understanding of benefit if annotating
notes from primary and a specific text. and paraphrasing are
secondary sources that done individually
address the validity
and bias of evidence, Social learners can
the perspective of the benefit if annotating
source, and their own and paraphrasing are
interpretation. done in groups
Newspaper Story Students produce This teaching Teacher Centered When completed http://mediasmarts.ca/less
period journalistic strategy would be individually, this onplan/writing-
accounts and/or effective when lesson can be newspaper-article-lesson
editorials based on learning about beneficial for solitary
their research of concepts such as learners Link provides a lesson
historical or current The Great plan for grades 6-9 on
events. Assembled Depression and When completed as a writing a newspaper
stories form an edition WWII. This group this strategy article on a current topic
of a newspaper that teaching strategy can be beneficial for (free speech). This lesson
addresses a unit central can also be used social learners plan spaces pieces of the
question. when discussing lesson over a 6 day period.
current day topics Logical learners can
such as free benefit from the http://nieonline.com/tbtim
speech and organization and es/downloads/supplements
politics. structuring of the /2013_highfiveunitB.pdf
newspaper piece
This article provides 30
 Visual leaners can lessons pertaining
benefit through newspaper articles and
adding images to the how to write them.
article

Verbal learners
benefit through the
reading of research
and the writing of the
article

Chunking Helps students Chunking is Teacher Centered This strategy is https://www.facinghistory.

understand useful whenever beneficial for verbal org/resource-
complicated text by students are asked leaners through library/teaching-
breaking down the text to read and teaching them how to strategies/chunking
into smaller, more analyze large break down text to
manageable sections and/or better analyze and Link provides rationale
making it easier for complicated understand behind use of strategy as
students to organize sections of text. It well as procedure for
and synthesize helps students to This strategy is completing strategy
information. Breaking slow down and to beneficial for logical
the text into smaller organize learners because http://www.elachieve.org/i
parts allows for information in a chunking logically mages/ela/leading_imple
identification of key manner that helps breaks down text into mentation/symposium/sys
words and ideas, as them understand more manageable eld_chunking.pdf
well as develops the text and sections
students ability to formulate their Link is to pdf that outlines
paraphrase. A graphic own questions various types of chunking
organizer can be used and opinions. (vertical chunking and
to assist students in This strategy can horizontal chunking)
synthesize. Having a be used when
list written on the studying text such
 board of annotation as government
methods may be documents (ex.
helpful to students. Declaration of
Independence)
that may use
words and writing
styles unfamiliar
to students.
Word Wall Keep a large display Helpful when Teacher Centered Verbal learners https://www.facinghistory.
board in the classroom certain benefit through the org/resource-
where words, phrases, vocabulary or use of vocabulary and library/teaching-
and ideas are concepts are phrases on the word strategies/word-wall-
displayed. Words, unfamiliar or new wall building-vocabulary-and-
phrases, quotes, ideas, to students. Can identifying-multiple-
and pictures can all be be used when Kinesthetic learners meanings
displayed on the board teaching an benefit from being
to help students gain a entirely new able to get out the Link describes rationale
better comprehension concept or event. their seat and go to for word wall as well as
of the unit. A the word wall to look procedure for creating a
combination of words for information or ass word wall. Link describes
and pictures can help information to the various ways to set up a
students gain a better word wall word wall.
understanding of words
and concepts. Social learners http://www.educationworl
benefit from class d.com/a_lesson/lesson/les
participation on the son328.shtml
word wall
Link provides 5 different
word wall activities to
enhance vocabulary and
literacy. Best use for
middle school students.
Review previously
learned material
Four Corners Students choose a Good to use when Teacher Centered Beneficial for https://www.facinghistory.
stance and defend their wanting to teach kinesthetic learners org/resource-
position on students how to because students library/teaching-
controversial formulate an move around the strategies/four-corners
statements using opinion and how room to choose their
material previously to be able to use stance Link describes rationale
learned. Each corner of information and behind teaching strategy
the classroom is inferences to Beneficial for social and procedure on how to
labeled with strongly defend that leaners due to the conduct strategy
agree, agree, position. Also group participation
disagree, or good to use when and discussions http://www.educationworl
strongly disagree. wanting students Beneficial for d.com/a_lesson/03/lp304-
Students are given a to use previously auditory learners due 04.shtml
controversial statement learned to listening to other
and told to choose a information to students opinions Link provides lesson plan
stance on it support opinions. and reasoning for four corners activity
coordinating with one Can be used when with examples
of the four corners of teaching a
the room. Students are concept such as
then prompted to human rights,
defend their stance in immigration,
writing using nuclear war, and
information learned the World Wars.
and opinions formed
from previous lessons.
Once students are
finished writing their
response they are to
stand in the corner of
the room that
coordinates with their
 position. At least one
student from each
corner is then to defend
their stance before the
rest of the class.
3-2-1 Helps structure This strategy is Teacher Centered Logical learners https://www.facinghistory.
students responses to useful when the benefit from the org/resource-
an activity, a reading, teacher is trying structure of 3-2-1 library/teaching-
or a film. Provides an to gauge teaching strategy strategies/3-2-1
easy way to check for knowledge
understanding and learned Verbal learners Link provides rationale
interest. Sharing 3-2-1 throughout the benefit from being for using teaching strategy
responses can also be lesson segment or able to write as well as provides
used to review material unit or when responses procedure for
from a previous lesson. trying to gauge implementing strategy.
On a piece of paper or student interest. Auditory learners can
journal paper students benefit if 3-2-1 is http://www.theteachertool
are asked to write (3) used along with a kit.com/index.php/tool/3-
three things that they recording or video 2-1
have learned from the
lesson/text, (2) two Visual learners can Link provides video of
questions that they still benefit if 3-2-1 is teacher conducting a 3-2-1
have, and (1) one used along with a lesson plan as well as
aspect of class/the text video or set of images explaining why he likes
that they enjoyed. the 3-2-1 teaching
Solitary learners strategy. Link also
benefit from using provides a lesson
their own sheet of plan/outline for
paper to complete completing strategy.
assignment on their
own. They are able to
record own
knowledge and
 questions.

Alphabet Through this strategy, When used as a Teacher Centered Logical leaners https://www.facinghistory.
Brainstorm students brainstorm or warm-up activity, benefit from the use org/resource-
recall previously this can be used of a graphic organizer library/teaching-
learned information by to see what to make sense and out strategies/alphabet-
starting each students already order to information brainstorm
concept/idea with a know about a learned
letter of the alphabet. topic. It can be Link provides rationale
Can be done as an used to help Visual learners for teaching strategy as
individual or in small students recall benefit from the use well as procedure on how
groups. Works best information of a graphic organizer to conduct strategy
with broad historical before an exam or
periods (WWII, Civil a paper. Can be Verbal learners
Rights Movement, used as a benefit from speaking http://www.theteachertool
Human Rights). Can be debriefing with others in group kit.com/index.php/tool/a-
completed by having activity in order and through writing z-chart
students write down to see what down information
the alphabet, using a students took Link provides video of
graphic organizer, or away from a Social learners teacher explaining
having a poster for video, text, or benefit through benefits and uses of
each letter for the class other assignment. assigning groups to Alphabet chart. Link also
to use. Best for broad complete assignment provides instructions on
topics such as how to implement chart
WWI, WWII, into a lesson and offers
Civil Rights variations of the strategy
Movement,
Civics).

K-W-L Charts A graphic organizer set Can be used to Teacher Centered Logical leaners https://www.facinghistory.
up into three columns. activate prior benefit from the use org/resource-
Column 1: What do knowledge and of a graphic organizer library/teaching-
 you Know about the monitor learning. to make sense and out strategies/k-w-l-charts
topic? Column 2: What Can be used to order to information
do you Want to know? gauge previous learned Link provides rationale
Column 3: What did knowledge of a for using strategy as well
you Learn? Column topic before a unit Visual learners as procedure for
three can be completed or learning benefit from the use implementing strategy
along with columns segment begins of a graphic organizer
one and two or it can and can be used http://www.readwritethink
be completed at the to gauge Verbal learners .org/classroom-
end of a unit or knowledge after benefit through resources/printouts/chart-
learning segment. the unit or discussion of chart as a-30226.html
learning segment well as being able to
ends. This write down responses Link provides printout of
strategy can be a K-W-L chart as well as
used when Solitary learners description of how to use
transitioning from benefit through chart in class. Link also
concepts that can completion of chart provides various way a
be tied together on their own teacher can use a k-w-l
such as WWI, chart.
The Great
Depression, and
WWII.
Motivate a variety
of students to
participate
Television Students produce a This teaching Teacher Centered Kinesthetic learners teacherweb.com/FL/Little
Newscast simulated newscast strategy is benefit through the FlowerSchool/MrsBonach
from a historical effective when physical aspects of ea/Newscast_Project.doc
period. Students are covering concepts creating the newscast1.
encouraged to think such as pre- Link is to document with
about what would have civilization, The Social learners example of instructions
been on a newscast if Salem Witch benefit through group for a newscast project as
there were televisions Trials, Colonial participation well as example rubric
 in that time period. History of the
They are then United States Auditory learners https://www.scholastic.co
prompted to pick an benefit through m/teachers/blog-
event from a specific listening to other posts/brent-vasicek/the-
time period to create a groups newscasts as historical-news-broadcast/
short newscast on to well as discussions
record and show the with their own group Link provides process on
class or to present in how to have students
front of the cast. Visual learners complete their newscasts
Various roles include benefit from being as well as provides sample
(but are not limited to): able to watch other student made newscasts
Director groups newscasts as
Anchor well as visually
Camera Person creating their own
Editor newscast
Researchers
Special Effects Verbal learners
benefit through the
speaking and writing
involved in creating
this assignment

Logical learners
benefit through the
need for
organizational skills
to complete the
assignment

Gallery Walk Can use quotations, Can be used when Teacher Centered Kinesthetic learners https://www.facinghistory.
images, documents, sharing peer benefit through being org/resource-
and/or student work to work. Can be able to walk around library/teaching-
display around the used to examine the classroom to view strategies/gallery-walk
 room. Students are to multiple historical each gallery display
walk around the room documents Link describes rationale
(as they would in a (Example: when Visual learners behind strategy and
museum or gallery) to studying The Bill benefit through being procedure to implement
view each display. of Rights and The able to view various strategy in the classroom.
Having students take Constitution. displays to gather
notes or fill out a information https://martinabex.com/20
graphic organizer can 13/10/07/gallery-walk/
assist in taking away Auditory learners
important information. benefit through Link describes how to
discussion of conduct a gallery walk as
displays and well as lists some specific
information uses for a gallery walk

Social learners
benefit through being
able to interact with
classmates and
discuss displays

Verbal learners
benefit from reading
display information
as well as class or
group discussion of
displays

Logical learners
benefit from displays
being in logical order
Living Images Students are broken Can be used to Teacher Centered Social learners https://www.facinghistory.
into groups (3-6). Each help students benefit through org/resource-
group is given an bring a historical completing library/teaching-
 image o set of images event to life by assignment in groups strategies/bringing-
with enough figures so imitating the history-life
that every member of actors from these Kinesthetic learners
the group can events. Also benefit from physical Link provides rationale
participate. Questions encourages recreation of images behind teaching strategy
are presented to each communication as well as procedure for
group about the and cooperation. Visual learners implementing strategy in
context of the image Can be used when benefit from using class. Link also provides
and what students teaching about visual images to variations to the living
observe in the images. various battles. complete assignment images teaching strategy
After the groups such as letting students
answer the questions Auditory learners pick their own images and
about the images, each benefit through group adding music to the living
group is to recreate the and class discussion images
image given for the of images and
class to observe. There representations
is then a class Verbal learners
discussion about each benefit from the use
living image. of predetermined
questions that
students must write
and discuss answers
to
Body sculpting Provides a nonverbal Used to help Teacher Centered Social learners https://www.facinghistory.
form of expression by students debrief benefit through the org/resource-
requiring students to material use of pairs or groups library/teaching-
represent ideas through (readings, videos, to complete strategies/bodysculpting
body positioning. After fieldtrips, assignment
encountering a testimonies, etc) Link provides rationale
powerful material, that evokes strong Kinesthetic learners for using teaching strategy
students are asked to feelings. Can be benefit from the as well as procedure for
write a quick entry in used when physical sculpting implementing strategy
their journal or on a teaching concepts and expression into the classroom. The
 sheet of paper about such as Civics, link lists rules to provide
the material and how it Civil Rights, or Visual learners the class for body
made them feel. the Holocaust. benefit from the sculpting activity. There
Prompts may be used visual representations are variations listed such
to help students. Based of as group body sculpting
off of journal entries concepts/feelings/me and quotation sculpting.
students compile a list anings
of feeling words they
used to describe the Auditory learners
material and words to benefit from class
describe the story. discussion of material
Students then sculpt and representations
their own bodies for
mirror for others what Verbal learners
those words mean to benefit through
them. reading material and
then responding to it
in journal format

Teacher Resources
https://www.facinghistory.org/
http://www.theteachertoolkit.com/
http://alex.state.al.us/
https://www.teachingchannel.org/
http://www.stma.k12.mn.us/documents/DW/Q_Comp/FormativeAssessStrategies.pdf
http://www.socialstudies.org/
https://www.edutopia.org/
https://www.scholastic.com/teachers/lessons-and-ideas/