Professional Documents
Culture Documents
SET Your Voice Free: Roger Love
SET Your Voice Free: Roger Love
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YOUR
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VOICE
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FREE
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ROGER LOVE 27
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with DONNA FRAZIER 29
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L I T T L E , B R O W N A N D C O M PA N Y
New YorkBostonLondon
26 ISBN 9780316-311267
27 [LCCN TK]
28 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
29 lscc
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Printed in the United States of America
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34S
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02 Base of Tongue
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Epiglottis
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Vocal Cord
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09 Trachea
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top view of vocal cords
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15 The cords have a unique way of vibrating. Small amounts of air
16 build up behind them, and when the pressure of that air becomes
17 greater than the air pressure above the cords, the cords open to
18 release the air, then close. This process happens an astonishing
19 number of times, creating the cords vibration. For example, when
20 you sing the note A above middle C, the cords open and close 440
21 times a second to produce that frequency.
22 The quality of your voice depends primarily on the way you
23 position the cords and the amount of air you move through them,
24 and great singing or speaking happens when the right amount of air
25 meets the right amount of cord. Remember that phrase because its
26 the basis of just about everything well be doing together.
27 Youll find that Ill be explaining many of the sounds you make,
28 particularly problematic sounds that cause you (and your listeners)
29 discomfort, in terms of whats happening in the crucial relationship
30 between the vocal cords and the air passing through them.
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32 The Spoken You
33 Whether youre mainly concerned about your speaking or your
34S singing, Id like to look first at the speaking voice, because even if
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01 It will make your growth visible to you, and especially as you start
02 out, it will be the easiest way for you to listen to your own voice and
03 assess it.
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05 The Overview
06 Please read the preceding passage aloud into your recorder.
07 As you read the paragraph, you may have noticed a number of
08 things happening with your voice, if not at the beginning of your
09 reading, then as you got closer to the end. Get out a pencil, and as
10 you play the recording back, look through the following list and mark
11 the items that you think apply to you. Did you
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13 Start strong but peter out by the end, feeling strained?
14 Have to clear your throat frequently?
15 Sound too soft?
16 Notice that your voice felt too low, and gravelly, especially at
17 the ends of sentences?
18 Hear your voice breaking in spots?
19 Sound nasal?
20 Sound monotonous?
21 Sound squeaky?
22 Sound breathy?
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24 Did you hear anything else that sticks out or bothers you?
25 I believe that people generally have a sense of what they dont like
26 about their voices, but they may not be able to put it into technical
27 terms. Dont w orrythis is as technical as it gets. Look over the list
28 and notice how many checks you made. Itll give us a sense of how
29 you hear yourself now and where your problems might be.
30 Now lets take a deeper look by doing some specific tests for the
31 most common vocal flawsqualities in the voice that detract
32 from its power by drawing attention to themselves rather than to
33 whats being said. As you do the tests and exercises, have fun with
34S the interesting sounds that pop up. Some of them may seem a little
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Centered Left Centered Right Centered 08
torso swing 09
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The Torso Swing 12
This exercise, though its not for everyone, because it involves a 13
movement the bodys not used to making in its normal range of 14
motion, is a great last resort for unlocking the stomach muscles. To 15
do it, stand up and put your hands on your waist. Now, as the dia 16
gram on the next page illustrates, move your rib cage from side to 17
side without moving your hips. In other words, isolate your ribs and 18
keep your body still from the waist down. Keep your shoulders level. 19
I suggest that you try the slow leak exercise while doing the torso 20
swing. Youll find that its impossible to swing and clench your breath 21
ing muscles at the same time. And once youve experienced the feel 22
ing of exhaling without tension, you can find your way back to it 23
without the movement. This will be a useful tool later if you find 24
that your stomach tenses up when you do the general exercises. 25
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One More Useful Breathing Trick 27
Lately, when working with students who are having trouble relax 28
ing into diaphragmatic breathing, Ive been pulling out what has 29
proved to be a powerful prop: a large book. I find one thats several 30
inches thick, and I put it on the floor near a wall, asking students to 31
stand straight with their backs against the wall, with the balls of their 32
feet and toes elevated by the book, heels on the floor. Standing in this 33
position tucks your pelvis into correct alignment, which makes it S34
much easier to breathe correctly. My student Aimee was thrilled with N35
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01 I used the middle voice, and I have never had greater performances,
02 she told me. My voice held up every night and sounded amazing.
03 Thats what middle voice can do.
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05 Meet the Zipper
06 To understand where the ease comes from when you find middle,
07 you need to know a little about how your voice works. Remember,
08 there are three different parts of the voicechest, middle, and
09 headand each works in a slightly different way, as illustrated in
10 the diagram opposite. When youre in chest voice, the vocal cords
11 are supposed to be vibrating along their full length, like the long,
12 thick strings of a piano. Chest v oiceas you would g uessfeels
13 like it resonates in the top part of your chest. If you put your hand
14 just below the seam where your neck meets the top of your chest
15 and say, I can speak in chest, you should feel a slight vibration in
16 your hand.
17 As you move higher in the range, a kind of zipper effect begins to
18 close off one end of the cords (this is called dampening). When this
19 zipper moves up to the point where only 50 percent of the length
20 of the cords is vibrating, you are in middle voice.
21 In middle voice, you should feel the vibration partially leave the
22 chest area and move closer to the area just behind your nose and
23 eyes. This area has been given many names over the years, but its
24 most commonly called the mask. The air and tone bouncing around
25 the sinus area can feel as gentle as a minor flutter or buzz. Close your
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32 Chest Middle Head
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34S chest, middle, and head
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01 to the high notes in his bands music kept the zipper from closing.
02 The harder he pushed, the more the cords locked up and tried hope
03 lessly to hold the air back. That made him more likely to get hoarse,
04 not higher or stronger. The ease that freed him came from allowing
05 his voice to slide into middle. The same thing happened for Gwen.
06 Going into middle took all the pressure off the cords and kept her
07 voice healthy for those long months of touring.
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09 Wheres Middle?
10 I teach middle to everyone because I consider myself to be the
11 equivalent of a piano builder. My job is to ensure that the complete
12 instrumentthat is, your entire voice, top to bottomis usable. In
13 case you dont know how much ground your voice should be able to
14 cover, let me get specific for a minute.
15 For the average man: Chest voice starts at low E or F, which is
16 twelve or thirteen white keys below middle C on the piano (see dia
17 gram). It goes up for about two octaves (twenty-three or twenty-four
18 notes), reaching middle voice at around the E or F above middle C.
19 Middle voice runs from that E or F to about Bflat or Bnatural.
20 Above that, from C and beyond, youre in head voice.
21 The practical meaning of all this is that men can do almost all the
22 singing and speaking they want to in chest and middle voice
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25 Middle
"C"
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"F" "E"or"F" "B"
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Middle
"C"
(Pavarotti sang opera in the range covered by chest and middle). For 01
you, head voice is probably going to be an interesting sidelight, but 02
not much more. Mastering middle is essential. 03
For women: Chest voice starts at the F below middle C and con 04
tinues up for just seventeen notes to the Bflat above middle C (see 05
diagram). Middle voice covers the next six notes or so, and ends 06
around E or F. And the rest is head voice. Youll hit middle sooner in 07
the exercises than men will because physically you have less chest 08
rangeyour vocal cords are thinner and shorter. (You do, of course, 09
make up for it by having more head voice than a man.) If youre a 10
singer, youll want to practice moving smoothly from middle to
Middle 11
head also. "C" 12
Many people are shocked, after hearing me emphasize middle 13
voice so heavily, that middle covers such a small span of notes. As 14
weve seen, its a total of about six half steps altogether. But middle is 15
a pressure valve, a bridge and a proven pathway to strengthening the 16
entire voice. Most people feel as though theyre six feet tall in a room 17
with a six-foot ceiling when they sing or speakEhigher in the range. At 18
ST DD
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the top of chest, it C HE as though theres
feels MI nowhereHE to go but down. 19
Middle "E"orso"F"
"F" raises the ceiling to ten feet, "B"jump up and down
you can 20
whenever you feel like it without crashing into a barrier. 21
You need every part of your voice. Together well shine, polish, 22
repair, and replace any sections of the voice that dont serve you well. 23
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female range 25
Middle 26
"C" 27
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"F" "Bb" "E"or"F" N35
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01 knowing where its hard. I dont mind your struggling through songs if
02 youre not technically perfect, but I want you to struggle through the
03 same areas that were working on in the exercises. That means I want
04 you to start with songs that go a little way into middle instead of imme
05 diately jumping into songs that go way up into high middle and head.
06 Choose songs that let you sing with chest and a bit of connected mid
07 dle, and then, as you get stronger, work upward.
08 Im not sentencing you to remain stuck in a limited range. In fact, in
09 my studio I dont even allow students to sing simple songs that cover
10 no ground at all. I want you to own the entire range, but as you set out,
11 Id like you to avoid songs that go from the lowest note in chest to the
12 highest note in head voice. I know this sounds obvious, but its easy to
13 fall in love with songs that are technically demanding and try them
14 without really thinking about what theyre asking of your voice.
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16 Finding Music That Works for You
17 If you look at the sheet music of the song youre interested in, you
18 can easily see how much of it falls into chest, middle, or head.
19 Women should watch for the notes that fall between Bflat and E or
20 F and know that in that range they should move into middle. If youre
21 able to get into middle but its still weak, look for songs that peak
22 around Bnatural to Csharp. Thats a part of middle that can still be
23 very chesty. Check out the singer Tori Kelly, who sings a lot in this
24 territory, and youll see that you can do real songs, with beautiful
25 possibilities, within this range. (Look at the diagram to see what
26 these notes look like on sheet music if youre not sure.)
27 If youre a man, youll see middle on the sheet music in the notes
28 that run between E or F and Bflat or Bnatural. Your first songs
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should have their highest notes around G and A. In this range youll 01
have a chance to taste middle without having to strain incredibly. 02
(The diagram shows you how these notes look on the page.) 03
Keep in mind that 85 percent or more of popular songs for men 04
and women have no head voice in them at all. That means that any 05
song you love probably requires only chest and middleunless its 06
superhigh gospel, or performed by Mariah Carey or Jennifer Hud 07
son, who love middle and head voice. As you sing along with your 08
favorite recording artists, try to be acutely aware of where your voice 09
wants to leave chest and go into middle. Because youve worked 10
with the exercises, youve learned how to allow air to get above the 11
soft palate and into the nasal area, so when you feel this as you 12
sing, you wont be in the dark. You can allow middle to happen. 13
Dont be surprised if middle just pops out. The exercises have 14
cleared the way. 15
If what you hear as you move beyond chest voice is soft and airy, 16
or if you notice that your voice bounces from chest to a higher voice 17
that is drastically different, youll know youve missed middle. Hav 18
ing that awareness is vital! And once youve got it, you can back up 19
the CD and look for middle in that spot. Try it again. Keep concen 20
trating on finding a place to go with your voice that doesnt strain. 21
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For convenience in popular sheet music, men actually follow the same treble clef S34
notation as the women, but singing an octave lower.
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01 As you turn your attention to putting your talents out in the world,
02 just remember that Billy Idol aside, youre best poised to succeed in
03 the music business if youve got the goods vocally. Ive seen many
04 singers build great, long-lasting careers on the confidence that comes
05 from hard work and talent. That kind of confidence is resilient
06 enough to keep you going through all the bumps, curves, and fads
07 that the business inevitably throws in your path.
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09 Stage Movement 101: A Primer
10 All stage movement can be reduced to a simple pattern, and when
11 you know how to use it, you can simply and effectively maneuver in
12 front of any audience anywhere. This basic format can be adapted to
13 the biggest stage in town or the smallest coffee house in the world.
14 Walk through the accompanying diagram with me and youll have a
15 reusable map that will guide you easily through any performance.
16 Point one. The beginning position, near the center of the stage,
17 gives the audience its first chance to see and hear you. The moment
18 you step up to the mike, its important to establish a strong presence
19 and command of the energy in the room. How do you do that? First,
20 stand still. Many performers move around so much at the beginning
21 of a song that the audience feels as though theyre trying to catch a
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Stage Movement
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e cause i know that some of you have dreams of using your 13
vocal skills to make your way into the music business, I asked 14
a couple of industry professionals
a music publisher and a 15
managerto talk a bit about what they do and to offer some basic 16
advice about navigating through their corners of the music world. 17
Whether youre a s inger-songwriter, a parent with a talented band of 18
kids in the garage, or a hip-hop artist with a hot tape, I think youll 19
find that their comments are a great starting point for thinking about 20
how to take your work to a wider audience. 21
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The Publisher 23
If you create a song, every time its used by someone, youre enti 24
tled to payment. Music publishers, in exchange for a percentage of 25
what your song earns, license your work to others and ensure that 26
your money is collected properly around the world. But as Ben 27
Maddahi, president of U nrestricteda music consulting, publish 28
ing, and management c ompanyexplains, theres a lot more to the 29
music publishing business than that basic relationship. 30
Q: Music publishing is unfamiliar to a lot of people. In 31
your role as a music publisher, what do you do? 32
A: Someone described it in a very helpful way recently. Im like a 33
Match.com for writers, producers, and artists. As a publishing A&R S34
[artists and repertoire person], I represent songwriters (both lyric N35
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may not need managers, and some great ones crave them because 01
they can help fill the gaps that the publisher leaves behind, or just 02
add more value to the total equation. 03
Q: Have the relationships between publishers and record 04
companies changed in recent years? 05
A: I see employees with dual A&R roles (working for both a label 06
and a publisher) popping up more and more regularly. Its smart 07
because parent companies like Warner/Chappell or Sony/ATV can 08
split the cost of an employee, double down on acts by signing them 09
to both records and publishing, and up the accountability of the per 10
son who signs the act, because they will be responsible to for ensur 11
ing the acts success (from an A&R standpoint). Ive seen great 12
results with my colleagues Ryan Press at Warner/Chappell and Katie 13
Welle at Sony/ATV. 14
Q: How do you find the people you sign? 15
A: Its a combination of blind submissions to my email, my A&R 16
scouts bringing me their best material, meetings with creative part 17
ners I trust, and scouring online data. 18
Q: How elaborate should a demo be? 19
A: It depends on who youre sending it to. If its a producer, the 20
instrumental should be very polished and sonically and musically an 21
8.5 out of 10 or above if Im looking to sign them. There is a world of a 22
difference between an 8 and an 8.5, believe it or not. For a top-line 23
writer, I'm satisfied with a piano or guitar and a vocal, as long as the 24
lyrics and melodies are incredible. We can get the rest there; thats a 25
big part of my job. 26
Q: What makes you pay attention to a song? What are you 27
listening for? Would you only sign a mainstream, radio- 28
friendly writer/artist? What if an artist does music thats 29
really out of the mainstream? 30
A: If Im listening for production, I want unique sounds and an 31
incredible mix with earworm melodies and great drum program 32
ming. If Im listening for a t op-liner, I want clever lyrics and big mel 33
odies. I prefer to sign mainstream/radio-friendly songwriters and S34
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01 artists because I want the music that I work on to reach the biggest
02 audience possible. That doesn't mean that I have anything against
03 more leftofcenter artists. I actually love that stuff too. Its my favor
04 ite thing to see an artist with a cult following or a leftofcenter sound
05 break into the mainstream. It means that theyre moving the needle
06 in popular music and not just trying to cater to what people want to
07 hear. Although I didnt sign Sia, I did work with her on two big hits,
08 and I was happy to see that happen with her.
09 Q: How much focus do you put into sync licenses
10 trying to get your writers songs into films, TV shows, com-
11 mercials, etc.? How important is that for a new writer?
12 A: Were putting more and more effort into sync nowadays because
13 the power of sync has only increased. That means were upping our sync
14 staff and outreach regularly, as well as looking for projects like film and
15 TV soundtracks. We saw some great success with this approach with
16 Wiz Khalifa and Charlie Puths smash See You Again, when we were
17 contracted to help create the soundtrack for the movie Furious 7. A sync,
18 if properly placed, can be a day-and-night difference for a song, and ulti
19 mately the writers or artists attached to a song. While we always focused
20 on sync, theres now a bigger effort to place songs in film and TV because
21 the exposure and payoff is just that much bigger.
22 Q: Whats your one best piece of advice for an artist who
23 wants to build a long- term career in the music industry
24 today?
25 A: Write, write, write. Keep writing for yourself and for others
26 and keep yourself sharp. Its all about the music at the end of the day.
27 (Ben Maddahi began his career in the music industry as an intern
28 at Atlantic Records in 2006, and rose to become president of the
29 music publisher Artist Publishing Group (APG). He has played a
30 key role in constructing hits like Wild Ones by Flo Rida featuring
31 Sia, Titanium by David Guetta, See You Again by Wiz Khalifa
32 featuring Charlie Puth, and many others that went on to sell a com
33 bined total of more than 100 million singles worldwide. In late 2015,
34S Maddahi started Unrestricted, an A&R consulting and publishing
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and connect with is really the only secret to building a lasting career 01
with lasting relevance. 02
Q: What is the single most important piece of advice you 03
could give a new artist who wants to succeed in the music 04
business today? 05
A: Fight to be seen. Dont wait to be discovered. Record labels 06
today function more like institutional investors who place safe bets 07
on products (artists) who have already proven their worth in the 08
market. This means: Forget the old days of artist development, writ 09
ing a song and thinking that its precious. There are only about forty 10
number one songs per year (think: fifty-two weeks/year, and many 11
songs stay number one for a few weeks). There are only about four 12
hundred proven hit songwriters and producers in the world. And 13
there are probably tens of thousands of wannabe artists, producers, 14
and songwriters who are competing with you trying to break into the 15
game. 16
My biggest piece of advice is: Stop waiting. Put your song out. See 17
what happens. If its that good and that much of a hit, then you 18
should see the market reacting to it. Is anyone sharing it on Face 19
book, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram? Are any blogs picking it up? No? 20
Then write another songand release it. 21
Keep trying. Keep building. We work our entire lives to become 22
overnight successes. The biggest mistake I see new artists making is 23
having a catalog of unreleased music. Thats like trying to swim in a 24
hurricane with your hands tied behind your back. Hozier released 25
Take Me to Church independently with a very low-budget music 26
video. It took them months to be signed by Sony. Then it took Sony 27
almost a year to break the song. Imagine if they had thought: This is 28
a great song, we better not release it! 29
Or take OMI. He released Cheerleader in 2012. Nothing hap 30
pened. Fast-forward to 2015: Felix Jaehn finds the song, remixes it, 31
and it goes on to be the number one hit of the summer. Its not possi 32
ble to have a sleeper hit or even to be noticed if youre not out there 33
with a foot in the game. With services like TuneCore, you can start S34
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Acknowledgments
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I
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would like to acknowledge a few of the people who have been 09
of great help to me during the writing of this book. 10
Donna Frazier. Thank you for your encouragement, your profes 11
sionalism, and your uncompromising pursuit of semantic perfection. 12
B. J. Robbins. Thank you for continuing to guide me through the 13
ever-changing tides of the literary business. 14
Terry Adams. Thank you for giving me a second chance to tell 15
more of my story. 16
My LA family: Eiko, Jacques, Jim, Tina, and Alexa, I love you all. 17
Scott Alberts. Thank you for being such a loving friend and busi 18
ness partner. 19
Wendy Estrada 20
The Loves in Oregon 21
And a special thank-you to my brother, Philip. 22
I will sing for you now that your voice is silent. 23
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01 Chapter Seven:
02 26. More Flip-Flopping
03 27. Soft but Connected
04 28. Speak-Singing
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06 Chapter Eight:
07 29. Rhythm Nation
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09 Chapter 10:
10 30. Vibrato (1)
11 31. Vibrato (2)
12 32. Vibrato (3)
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Chapter 12:
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33. Airy to Edgy
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Chapter 14:
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19 34. Slow-Talking
20 35. Monotone/Variety
21 36. Happy Birthday
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23 Chapter 15:
24 37. Happy
25 38. Grateful
26 39. Passionate
27 40. Confident
28 41. Overlapping Frequencies
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30 Chapter 16:
31 42. Low and Soft at Pauses
32 43. Raising Pitch at Pauses
33 44. Scaling Down Happy
34S 45. Stair-Step Melody
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Chapter 17: 01
46. Small Bursts of Air 02
47. Connected Words for Stuttering 03
04
Warm-ups: 05
48. Daily Warm up (female singing) 06
49. Daily Warm up (male-singing) 07
50. Daily Warm up (female-speaking) 08
51. Daily Warm up (male-speaking) 09
52. Goodbye 10
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