K.

COURSE INDOPACIFIC AVIATION INSTITUTE SUBJEC:

E-14lt9,VASANT VrHA&NEW DELHrI 10057 AERODROM p&
RadioTelephony / s8,(+91)987
(+91tl) 26rs42s7 371698',7
Aeromobile ATC .

INDO PACIFICAVIATION INSTITUTE

RADIOTELEPHONY
AEROMbBILE

NOTESFOR
RT(R)A COP EXAMINATION
by
Capt.S.J.Singh
- Training
Vice President

E 14/ 20 VasantViharNewDelhi 110057

 COURSE INDOPACIFIC AVIATION INSTITUTE SUBJECT
E-I4/19.VASANTVI}IAR.NEWDELHI ] IOO57 &
AtrRODROME
Ra(lio Telephony (+9l I I ) 26154257/5
8,(+9l')987371698'7
ieromobile ATC

=
F

n
6

' Fig-l

Physicalfeatures Areaofan Aerodrome

ofOperational
 COURSE INDopACrFIcAVIArroNrNsrrrurt-- SUBJECT
E-] 4/I9,VASANT VIHAR,NEWDELHI I ] l]O57
RadioTelophony AERODROMf,
&
(+91 t)) 261s4257
/58, (+9t)9873716987
Aeromobile ATC

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-- a-]"
- - *- - - - - - --* - -..-.
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 COURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATIONINSTITUTE SUBJECT
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&
RadioTelphony (+91)987371
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Aerodrome
A definedareaon land or water (includingany buildings,installationsand equipment)
intendedto be usedeitherwholly or in part lor the arrival,departureand surfacemovementof
aircraft.

AerodromeReferencePoint
point established
It is a designated in a horizontalalor nearthe g9a!9tILq-!9!I!9of the
landingarea.It is markedwith a metallicplateembedded in tie groundin the horizontalposition
engraved with nameof the aerodrome, latitude& longi'udeand elevationof the hjghestpointof
landingarea.

AerodromeElevrtiot
point (,-41P
Theelevationofaerodromsreference Gen I 7.5)

Apron

A definedarea,on a landaefodfomeintendcdto accommodate aircfaftlor puryosesol loading

unloadingpassenger,mail or cafgo,fuelling,parkingol maintenance

Stand
placeon apronfor lhe purposeofparkingofaircraft
A designated

Taxiway
A <lefinepathon a landaerodrome for the ta-\iingof aircraftand intendedto
eStablished
providea link betweenonepartofthe aerodromeandanother,including;

a) Airc.aft standtaxi lane.A portion of an aprondesignated as a ta-\iwayand intendedto

pro\ideaccess lo aircraflstandonly.
b) iprorf-laxrwgf.e portionofa ta,\iwaysystemlocatedon an apronand intendedto provide
a lhloughta)(irouteacrosslhe apron
c) Raoid exit ta,xiwaY. A taxiwayconnected to a runwayat an acuteangleanddesigned to
allow landingaeroplanes to turn off at higherspeedsthan are achievedon othertaxiways
thereby minimizingrunwaybccupancy tlmes
 COURSE TNDOPACIFICAVIATION I I\STITUTE SUBJECT
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I IOO5? AERODROj\'IE
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(+91)9873716987 &
Aeromobile ATC

TaxiwayIdentificalion
Eachtaxiwayis identifiedby an EnglishalphabetA ro Z. A taxiwaythat breaksinto parts
due to intersections
or otherwisemay havea numericalnumberalongwith its Englishlettef,for
e.g.Cl, C2,C3,etc.

RunwayHolding Position
A designated positionintended
to pfotecta runway,anobstaclelimitationsurfaoe,
o. an
ILS critical/sensitive
areaat whicbtaxiingaircraftandvehiclesshallstopandhold,unless
otherwise authorizedby the aefodfomecontroltower.

ffi ffi
rfsryffi Feq{$

lIl
flll

I n e r m P d i aH
l eo l d t n g

H Fig-2
- ll"
tfi Runway
Holding

Intermediateholdingposition
A designatedpositionintendedfor traflc conkol at which taxiing aircraftand vehicles
shallstopandhold until fLrfthefclearedto proceed,wheninstructedby aercdrome
controltower.

Wind Sock

Fig- 3
It is a conicaldevicemadeof cloththroughwhich wind flows and swivelsalongthe directionof
wind. This givesvisual indicationof the directionof the wind and its approximatespeed.It is
installedin openareanearrunway.
 COURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATION INSTITUTE SUDJECT
VIHAR,NEW
E.]4/I9.VASANT DELHII IO()57 ADRODRO}IE&
RadioTelephony (+9r )26154257/58,(+91)9873716987
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SignalArea
usedfor thedisplayolground signals.
An areaon an arodrome

Runrvay
areaon a landaerodromepreparedfor the landingand take-offof
i definerectangular
aircratl.

F0lltlT|VARKING
All',1lNG

I ig- 4
RnnwayDesignator
A whJe number,to the nearestone-tenthof MagneticNo{h Additionalpa'allelrunways
arelabeled"L" (left)."R" (right),and"C" (cente|.

Fig- 5

Threshold
Thebeginningofthat portionofrunwayusablefor landing.

Touchdown
the funway'
Thepointwherethe nominalglidepathintercepts

Runwry Strip
A dehnedareaincludingtherunrvayandstopway, ifprovided'
-l

I l\DopAcr
Frc qvl{TlbNlNsrtrur[
RadioTetephony J : . I 4 ' I .V9A S A N TV I H A R . N E W
D E L H II I l ) O 5 7
1*Ott t) Z6 stzSztSS.
lrOtlOvlztAOti AERODROME&
Aeromobile

Shoulder
An areaadjacenito the edgeofa
. Davement
so prepared
as to providea hansitionbetween
rnepavement
andtheodjacent surface.

SelecfionofRunlyay
Selecrion ofrunwrr ro be usedfor a,riv.l and.deparrure
ofaircrailjs
h a itr e l a k e n j n l o c o n s i d e r a l t o n t o r 5 e t e c U o n o f f u made
t o n l r o JF.a c t o ft 5 n $ a ) bJ
t n _reroorome
useared(under:

l. Winddirection
2. frafllcconJilion,
3. Typeofapproachto iand
4. T)peoJair.raft
5. Sun
AthllNGFOJt!'ft,lARKJht6 SHOULDER

F__- clearuay-l

Stop wny.

."n"," ,f;*?;i::r:i.:hH;: $:il::f;:*""#;'"ff;.,:H?avai,ab,e

prepared
asa
",*
Clearway.
A definedrectangulaf
areaol
area
over'Lhich
cnaeroo,.""","i,,* a5asuirabre
lo',jli,j;T",i,[,"jlilr':j:*::1,$"ffi:il;l
Takeoff Run Avrirabre(ToM).
Therength
of funwaydecrared
availabie
ground
runofanaeroplane rckjng andsuitabre
for the
olt
td*:n"ilable (ToDA)Thelensth
3ili*"X, of rakeoff runavailabre
prustherength
or
ttoo o^tanceAv{itable(ASDA).The
iXr:';;o tengthof rakeof runavaitable
plusthetengfi

LandingDisrance
Availabte(LDA).Tl runwav,
which
isdecrared
avaiiabre
and
il:l?i*,3:fl:J,"+;#:il::,.:il".i:^lT:f.or
A unrrestablished
lo pro\ideA Ta scrvice
rorerodrome
tfaffic.
 COURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATIONINSTITUTtr SUDJDCT
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AERODROME
RadioTelephony ( + 9 1I t ) 2 6 1 5 4 2 5 7 / 5( +
89, 1)9873716987
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ManeuveringArea
Io b.3usedfof takeoff, landingandtaxiingofaircraft,excluding
Thatpad ofan aerodrome
apron,

MovementArt
to be usedfor takeoff, landingand taxiingof aircraft,andthe
That part of an aerodrome
apron.

AerodromeTraffi c Circr!it
Thespecifiedpathto beflown by aifcraftoperatingin thevicinity of an aircraft

AerodromeTra llic
All traffic on nanoeuvringareaof an aerodromeand all aircraftflying in the vicinity of
aerodrome,

Note:A clircraft is in lhe ficinity ofan aerodrdme\)hen it is,, en[ering or leaing an aerodrome
lroltrt circuit.

AerodromeTrafficZone
aroundan nerodromefor the protectionol
An airspaceof defineddimensionsestablished
aerodronetraffic

Air Traflic
ing areaofan aercdrome
All aircraftin flight or operatingon themanoeuvl
 COURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATIONINSTITUTE SUBJtrCT
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ALTIMETERY

Fig-7
Anita.le.
Theverticaldistanceof a level,a pointor an objectconsidered
as a point,measufed
lrom
meansealevel.

Eeight.
Thevefticaldistance
of a level,a pointor an objectconsidered
asa point,measured
lrom a
specifieddatum.

Flight level,
A surfaceof constantatmospheric pressllre,
wh'ch is relatedto a specificpressure
datum,
1013.2hectopascals, and is separated
from othersurfaceiby specifiedpressureintervals.

LeveL
A generictermrelatedlo theverticalpositionofan aircraftjn flight andmeaningvariously,
height,altitude,or flight level.

Elevation.
Theverticaldislanceof a level,a pointor an objectconsidercd
as point,on ihe suffaceof
theearthmeasured from meanseo,level,

QNH.
Aerodromepresslrrededucedto mean sea Ievel pressllreunder standardatmospheric
conditions.

-'. Lt-t dt val {tLv-l,;- d^{d{, dhc* &iJ H !-i,,i1 ^.t

eFF.
aiL lcr !.s.t",af ro0.
pressure
Aerodrome deducedto meansei level pressure
underexistingatmospheric
conditions.

QFE.
pressure
Aerodrome prevailing
at aerodrone.
QNE.
Heightofan objector a placemeasured
fromthedatumof 1013.2
hPa.
 COURSE INDOPACIFICAVTATIONINSTITUTE SUBJECT
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Note-An altimeter:
l. Whensetto a QNH altimetersetting, will indicatealtitude;
2. Whensetto QFE altimetersettingwill indicateheightabovethe QFE reference
datun.
3. Whensetto pressureof 1013.2hPa,maybe usedto indicateflight levels.

frontition ahitude.
Thealtitudeat or belowwhichthevedicalpositionofan aircrallis controlledby relerence
to altitudes.

Trahsit,'ahlevel.
The lowestflight levelavailablefor useabovethetransitionaltitude

Ttunsition la))rr.
TheairspacebetweenthetransitionaltitudeandthetransitionIevel

l0
 COURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATION INSTITUTE SUBJECT
E,I4lI9,VASANT VIHAR,NEWDELHII ] Ol]57 AERODROME&
RadioTelephony (+91r l) 26r54257158,
(+91)98737r6987
Aeromobile ATC

METEOROLOGICAL REPORTS

Meteorological
Reporf
A statement
ofobseNedmeteorological
conditjonsrelatedto a specifictime andlocation.

MDTAR.
The routineweatherreportof an aerodromeissuedeveryhalf an hour. lt givessurface
wind,Visibility,Prevailingweathercondition,Temp,Due Point,QNH andtrendforecast.

SPECI,
This is SelectedSpeiiaiWeatrerreportthat is issuedwhena significantchangein METAR
reporttakesplace.SPECIis issuedin betweenimmdiately and is valid till the issuance
ofthe next
METAR,

VOLMET.
CuffentWeathefReportsand AerodromeForecasts SIGMENT of certainsolutionsare
broadcast
in HF fiom Mumbaiand Kolkattaat halfhour intervals.

cAvoK.
This is a codeword that is spokenlor cloudandvisibilityOK. It replacevisibility,weather
andcloudil:
L Visibilir)i5 l0 kms.Or morc
2. No Cumulonimbus cloudandno othercloudforecastat 1500melers(5000feet)or belo\a.
3. No precipitatjon,
thunderstorm, Sandstorm, Duststorm,Fogforccast.

CLOUDAmountis given.as:
.
-
FEW Fewl to2Oktas
SCT.- Scattered
(halfor lessthanhalfsky is covered),3 to 4 Oktas
BKN.- BROKEN(morethanhalfbur lessthanOVC),5 to 7 oktas
OVC, OVERCAST(entiresky covered),8 Oktas

Visibility
Theabilityas determinedby atmospheric conditionsand expressed
in unitsoi distance,
to
seeandidentifyprominentunlightedobjectsby day andprominentlightedobjectsby night.

Flight Visibility
Thevisibility forwardfrom the cockpitolan aircraftin flight.

GroundVisibility\ hich
Thevisibilityat an aerodfome
asreportedbi an accredited
obse.ver.

RunwayVisualR.nge
Therangeoverwhich the pilot ofan aircrafton the centrline ofthe runwaycanseelne
runwaysurfacemarkingsor the Iightsdeiineating
the runwayor jdentifyingits centreirne.

ll
 COURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATIONINSTITUTE SUBJECT
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V I H A R , N E WD E L H I I I O O 5 7
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Dewpoint
It is the temperature
to which a givenpafcelol air mustbe cooled,at conslantbarometric
pressure,lbr watervapotto condenseintowatef-

STANDARDATMOSPHERE
Thespecification
ofthe standard
4tmosphere
is formulatedby ICAO as follows:

a, Inearrrsa perTect
ory gas;

pressurc:
b. Sealevelatmospheric 1013.25
HPa;

c. SealeveltemperatureI5oC

d. Therateof lall of temperaru;e

$,ithhe;ght6.50C/ km up to I I kn.

oiair remainsuniformat -56.50C at 11 km andupto20 km.

e. Thetemprature

f. From20kmto30km A fiseof tempeBture

withheightabout10C/kmor 0.30C/1000ft.

Foraviationpurposes
it is not necessary
to specifystandard
atmosphere
above32 km.

Transitionlevel
It is the lowestuseableflight levelabovean aerodrome,
below which tlte verlicaldistance
is measured asaltitude.

Transitionaltitude
li is a levelat or belowwhichtheverticaldistanceis measured
as altitude.

SICMETInformation
Inibrmationusedbrva meteorologicalrvatchoffice concel.ning
the occu(enceor expected
occurenceof specifieden-roliterleatherphenomena, which may affect the safetyof aircraft
opetions,

AIRMET Information
Infofmationusedby a meteorologicalwatchoffice concerningthe occuffenceor expecred
occurrence of specifieden-routeweathefphenomena, which may aflect the saletyol low level
whichwasnot includedin the fofecastissuedfor -low flights.
aircraftoperations

t2
 COURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATIONINSTITUTE SUBJECT
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&
RadioTelephony ls8,(+91)98737
(+91t t) 26151257 16981
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AUTOMATIC TERMINAL INFORMATION SERVICE (ATIS)

Ai busy aerodromesit bdcomesdifficult for the gfound controlle.sto give foutlne
informationaboutthe aerodrome anclweatherconditionsto aircraftnow andthen So the requited
informationis fed jnto a tape recordingsystemthat transmitsit on a particularfrequency
continuously duringthe specifiedtimes.This facilitatespilotsto monitorlhe infofmationas and
whentheyrequirewithoutdistutbingthe contfoller.This systemof pfovidingcurrentand routine
inlormationby meansof continuousand repetitivebroadcasts is known as ATIS The ATIS
message consists ma:nl)ofthe l'ollo\ingelemenl":
l. Nameofaerorlrome
2. Designator - the wofd INFORMATIONandidentificationletterfrom ICAo alphabet
3, Timeofob5er\irion
4, Typeolapproach(es)to beexpected
5, Runwayin use
6. TransitionIevel
7. Essentialoperationalinfofmation
8. Sufacewind directionandspeed
9. Visibility/ RVR
10.Presentweather
11.Cloudbelow5000feetof belowthe highestminimumsectoraltitude,whichevefis greater;
Cumulonimbus.
12.Air lemperalure
13,Dewpoint
14.Allimeler selt;ngs
15.Trendforecast
16.Specifiedstructure

WhenrapidchangingMeteorologyconditionsmakeit impractical to lransmitan up-lo-date

weatherreport,the ATIS messagewill indicatethat weatherinformationwill be suppliedo0
initialcontactwith appropriale
ATS unit.

l26.4.i26.6.126.8.
ATISFreo.

D-ATIS \is datalink ATIS systern,in which pilot getsa wfitten message in the aircraftabout
ofATiS. This removeschances
all thebroadcast of a pilot listeningof writing wronglyof any
ofthe information.
TheprovisionofATlS via Datalink.

V-ATIS is voice ATIS systemwhere;nthe pilot g6tsvoicetransmission

of ATIS only. The
provisionoIATIS by meansofcontinuousandrepetitivevoicebroadcasts.

13
 COURSE INSTITUTE
INNOPACMTC,qVIATION SUBJECT
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AERODRONIE
RadioTelephony (+91)987371
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ATC
Aeromobile

PROCEDURES
GENERALOPERA.TING

1,1INTRODUCTION

Theinformation areof importance

transmitted
andinstructions operation
in thesafeandexpeditious
oi aircraft.lncidentandaccidents in which
haveoccuffed a factor
conlributing hasbeen theuseof
non-standard andphilseology
orocedures cannotbeovetemphasized

1.2TR{NSMITTINGTECHNIOUE

a) thatthetewill be no
beforetransmitting,listenout on thefrequencyto be usedto eDsure
ftom otherstation;
ilterferencelvith a transmission

b) tone,andspeakclearanddistinct;
usea normalconversational

c, maintainanevenra(eol speech notcxceeding 100wordspermil)ulewhenii is known

that elementsof th. mesiagewitl be written down by the recipient,speakat slightly
slowerrate;
d) maintailthespeakinglevelat constantlevel;

e) a slightpausebeforeandafternumbersrvill assistin makingthemeasielto understand;

I avoidusinghesitationsoundsuchas"er"i

g) keepmicrophone distancgfrom themouth;

at appropriate

b) to the tum headaway from the

suspendspeechtemporarilyif it becomesnecessary
microphone;

i) depressthetfarsmitswitchfully beforespeakinganddo not releaseit until themessage

This ensurethattheentiremessage
is completed. is tralNmitted;

j) thetransmission of long message shouldbe interruptedlnomentarilyfiom time to time

to pennitthe trarsmittingoperatorto conformthatthe frequencyin useis clearand'if
necessary,to pernit thereceivingoperatorto requestrepetitionofpalt not received'

l4
 COURSE INDOPACIFIC A V I ATI o N I N S T I T U T E SUBJECT
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1.3TRANSMISSION
OF LETTERS

Syllables
to beemphasized
afeunderlined.

Alpha AL FAH
B Bravo BRAH VOH
c Charlie CTIARLEE oT
SHARLEE
D Delta DELL TAH
E Echo ECK OH
F Foxfot FOKSTROT
G Golf GOLF
H Hotel HO TELL
I india IN DEE AH
J Juliett JEW LEE ETT
K Kilo KEYLOH
L Lima LEE MAH
M Mike . MIKE
N Noveurber NO VEM BER
o Oscar OSSCAH
P Papa PAH PAH
a Queo-ec KEH BECK
R Romeo ROWMEOH
S Siena SEEAIR RAH
T Tango TANG GO
U Uniform YQU NEE FORM or
OO NEE FORM
Victor VIK TAH
w Whiskey WISSKEY
x X-Ray ECKS RAY
Y Yankee YANGKEY
z Zulu zooLooo

15
 COURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATIONINSTITUTE SUBJECT
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AERODROME
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1,4TRANSMISSIONOF NUMBERS

1.4.1The syllablesprintedin capitallettefsare to be stressed;lof example,thelwo syllables

in
ZE-RO aregivenequalemphasis, whereasthefirstsyllable of FOW-eris givenprimaryemphasis.

Numberor numeralelement

ZE-RO
L WUN
2 TOO
3 TREE
4 FOW-er
5 FIFE
6 SIX
1 SEV-en
AIT
9 NIN-er
Decimal DAY-SEE-MAL
Hundred HUN-dred
Thousand TOU-SAND

1.4.2All numbers,exceptas specifiedin 1.4.3,shlill be transmittedby pronouncingeachdigit

Aircrali call signs Transmittedas

IT 693 King fish air six nine three

AI 107 Air lndia onezeroseven

Flight level Tlansmitted as

FL180 Flightlevelone eightzero

FL 2OO Flightlevel two zero zero

Heading Transmittedas

100degree Heailingonc zerozero

080degree Headingzero eightzero
 COURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATIONINSTITUTE SUBJECT
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II/ind direction and speed Transmitted as

200degree70 knots Windt\vo zerozero degrees

sevenzero
Knots
160degree l8 knots Wind onesix zerodegreesone eightknots
gusting30 knots Custingthrcc zeroknots

Transpondercodes Transmitted as

2 400 Sqoawktwo four zerozero

4 2s3 Squawkfour two five thre

Runway Transmitted as

2',7 Runwaytrvoseven
30 Runwaythreezero

Altimetersetting Transmitted as

I 010 QNll onezeroonezero

1000 QNFIonezero zerozero

1.4.3

Altilude Tlansmittedas

800 eighthurdred
3 400 threethousandfour hundred
12000 onetwo thousand

Cloudheight Traosmifted
as

2 200 Trvothousandtwo hundrd

4 300 Four thousandthree hundred

l/isibility Transmitted as

I 000 Visibilityonefhousand
700 Visibilitysevenhundred
Runwaytisual rallge

600 RVR six hundred

1 700 RVR onethousandsevenhundred

l7
 COURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATIONINSTITUTD SUBJtrCT
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1.4.4Exceptas specifiedin 1.4.5all six digitsof the numeficaldesignator shouldbe usedto

identilythe tfansmittingchannelin VHF radiotelepathy cornmunications,exceptjn the caseol
both be usedthe fifth and sixth digits beingzefos,ir which caseonly dle first digitsshouldbe
used.

Notel:-thefollowingexamplesillustratetheapplicationoftheprocedLrfeinl4'1:

Channel as
Transmitted

I18.000 ONEONEEICHTDECIMALZERO
118.005 ONEONEEICHTDECIMAI,ZEROZEROFIVE
I18.010 ZEROONEZERO
ONEONEDIG}ITDECIMAL,
1t8.025 ONEONEEIGHTDECIMALZEROTWOFIVE
118.050 ONEONEEIGHTDECIMALZEROFIVEZERO
118.100 ONEONEEIGHTDECIMALONEZEROZERO

Note2r- Cautionmustbeexercisedwith fespectto the indicationoftransmittingchannels in

VHF radiotelephonycommLlnications whenall six digitsofthe numericaldesignatorare usedln
aimpace wherecommunication channelareseparated by 25 kllz, because on aircmll installations
capabilityof 25 kllz or
with a channelseparation nrore,
it is only to selectthe five digits
possible
oflhenumericaldesignator on lherJdiomanagemenl DJnel

Note 3:- The numericaldesignatorcordspondsto the channelidentificationin Annex 10,

1.4.5In airspacewhere all VHF voice communications channelsare separaled by 25 kHz or

more and the use of six digits as in 1.4.4is not substantiated by the operationalrequirement
determined by the appropriate the
altthorities, first five digitsofthe numericaldesignatorshouldbe
used,exceptin the caseofboth the fifth and sixthdigitsbeingzeros, in which caseonly the firct
fourdigitsshouldbe used.

Note li- the followingexamples ofthe procedure

the application
illustrate in 1.4.5.andthe
settingof the aircraft radio management
associated panel for communicationequipmentwilh
capabilitiesof25 kHz and8.33125kHz.
channelseparation

l8
/-

TOURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATIONINSTITUTE SUBJECT

E-]4/I9,VASANT VIHAR.NEWDELHII ]0057
RadioTelphony AERODRO]\IE
&
(+91| r) 26154257/53,
(+9r)9873716987
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Radiomanagement panelsetting
far communication
eauiDmentwith
Channel Transmilled
as 25 kqz 8.33125kH2
(5dieits \ (6 dipts \

118.000 ONEONEEIGHTDECiMAI, ZERO 1t8.00 118.000

I18.025 ONEONEEICHTDECIMAL ZEROTWOFIVE 118.02 118.025
I18.050 ONEONEEIGHTDECIMAL ZEROFIVEZERO 118.05 n8.050
l18.075 ONEONEEIGHTDECIMALZEROSEVEN PIVE I I8.07 118.075
r r8.100 ONEONEEICI'ITDECIMALONEZEROZERO 118.10 I18.100

Note2r Cautionmust be exercisedwith respectto the indicationof tfansmittjngchannelsjn

VHF radiotelepathycommunications when five digits of the numericaldesignatorare usedin
airspace whereaircraftare also operafedwith channelseparation capabilitiesof 8.33/25kHz. On
aircraftinstallations
with a channelseparation capabil;tyof 8.33 kHz and mofe,it is possibleto
selectsix digitson the radio management panel.lt shouldthreforebe ensufedthat the fifth and
sixl0hdigitsaresetto 25 kHz channels(seeNote l).

Note 3i The numericaldesignatorcorresponds

to the channelidentificationin Annex 10,

19
 COURS[, I N D O P A CFJI C A V I A T I O NI N S T I T U T L SUBJ[CT
g,VASANT
E-I4/I VIHAR,NEW DELIIII ]0057 AIRODROME&
Radio Telephony (+91l l) 2615425?/58, (+91)9873716987 ATC
Aeromobile

1,6STANDARDWORDSAND PHRASES
anq
The followingwordsphrasesshallbe usedin radiotelephonycommuricatlonas approprlale
shdllhaveIheme,ninggivenbeln\'

this message'"
"Let ne knolvthatyou havereceivedandunderstood
ACKNOWLEDGE
'
AFHRM Ye'

APPROVED ofProposedactiongranted"
"Perm;$sion

BREAK belwenpoftionsofthe message"'

"l herebyindicatetheseparation

Note:- To be usedwhefethereis no is no eleardistinctionbetween

thetext andotherpoftionsofthe message"

.BREAK BREAK "l hereby indicatethe separation transmittedtt)

bet\reenmessages
diflerentaircraftin a verybusyenvir'onment
"

CANCEL clearance
"Annul thpreviouslytransmitted "

CHECK "Examinea systemor procedurc'':

Note: - Not to be used in other context No answeris normally
expected"

CLEARED undertheconditiol]specified"
"Authorizedto pr.oqeed

CONFIRM "l requestv;rificationof(clearance'instruction'action'information)"

CONTACT wiih
communications
"Establish "

indicated)'
(or message
"An errorhasbeenmadein thistransmission
CORRECTION
thecorlectversionis - "

D|SRFCARD lgnore.

20
i

J COURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATION INSTITUTE SUBJXCT

E,I4lI9,VASANT VIHAR,NEW DELHI 1]0057
RadioTelephony (+91 | 1) 26154257158,
Af,RODROMf,&
(+9t)9873716987
Aeromobil ATC

Word/ phrase Meanin

GOAHEAD "Proceedwith yo r message"

Note:- Not Llsed\\,henever
the possibilityexistsof misconstru;ng
"cO AHEAD,'as an authorization for an aircraftto proceed. The
phfase"CO AHEAD,,may be omittedand, in its place,a
fesponsemade.by using the calling aeronaLltical station,scall
signtbllowedby the answeringaeronautical stationcall sign.
.
HOW DOYOU READ "Wharis thereadabiliry
ofmy kansmission?,'

I SAY AGAIN "l repeatfor clarityor emphasis.,,

MAINTAIN "Continuein accordancewith thecondition(s)specifiedor in its

liieralsense,
e.g."maintainVFR.,'

MONITOR "Listenout on (frequency)."

NEGATIVE or ,,Thatis not correct,,

"No" of "Permissionnot granted,, or',not
capable.,'

OUT "This exchange

oftransmission
is endedandno response
is
expected."

. Note:- Nor normally

usedin VHF communicahons.

OVER ,.My transmission

is endedandI expecta response
fromyou.',

Notinot normallyusedin VHF communicatjon.

READ BACK "Repeatall, or thespecifiedpart.of this message

backto me
exactlyasreceived.,,

RECLEARED "A changehasbeenmadeto youf lastclearance

andthisnew
clearance
supe$edes
your previousclearanceor partthercol,,

REPORT "passmethefollowinginfofmation.
_.,,

RXQUEST "l shouldliketo knbw...,,or,,1wishto obtain...,'

21
 COURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATIONINSTITUTE SUBJECT
E-I4/I9,VASANV T I H A R , N E WD E L H I 1I O O 5 7 &
AORODROME
RadioTelephony ( + 9 r 1r ) 2 6 15 4 2 5 7 / 5 (8+. 9 1) 9 8 7 3 7619 8 7
Aeromobile ATC

llord / ohrase Mean

ROCER "l havereceived "

all olyouf lasttransmission

to be usedin replyto a questlon

Notel- Underno cifcumstances
requiring"READ BACK" of a ditectanswerin the affirmative
(AFFIRM)or negative (NEGATIVE).

SAY AGAIN "Repeatall, or the lollcwing part'' 1'lasttfansmission."

S P E A KS I O W E R R e d u cj e
o u r r a t co f s p e e c h

STANDBY "WaitandI will callyou"

Note:-Thecallerwouldnormallyre-establishcontactifthe delay
is lengIhySTAND BY is not or
approval denial

UNABLE "
"t cannotcomplywith your feqllest,instructionor clearance

Note:- UNABLE is normallyfollowedby reason.

WILCO (Abbreviationfor "willcomply".)

"l your
understarid messageandwill complyrvith it "

WORDSTWICE a) As a request:

is difficult. Pleasesendeveryword or groupof

"Communication
' wordstwice,"

b) As information:

"since communicationis difficult' even/word or groupofword

will besenttwic."
in thismessage

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . :.. .. ... ..... .. . .. . . .. . . .. . . .. .. . . . . .. . . .. . .. . ..................... ...

22
I

I
.iNDOPACIFIC
COURSE AVIATIONINSTITUTE SUBJECT
8 , 1 4 / I 9 , V A S A NV T I H A R , N E WD E L H I t I | ) O 5 7
RadioTelephony ( + 9 1 | l ) 2 6 15 4 2 5 7 / 5 (8+, 9 1 ) 9 8 7 3 7 t 6 9 8 7
AERODROMII
&
Aeromobile ATC

I.7 CALL SIGN

1.7.1Call\isn for aeronauticnl

stcrion

L7.l.l Aeronauticalstations
areidentified by thenameofthe location
lollowedby a suffix.The
suffrxindicates
thetypeofunit or ser.,,ice
pfovided.

Unit ofset'vice Call si

Areacontrolcenter CONTROL
Radar(in degfee) RADAR
Approachcontrol APPROACH
Approachcontrolradarafrivals ARRIVAL
Approachcontrolradardepar'tures DEPARTURE
Aerodrome conlrol TOWER
Sutfacemovement control GROUND
Clearance delivery DELIVERY
Prccisionapproach radar PRECISION
Direction-fi
ndingstation HOMER
FIightinformationservice INFORMATION
Aproncontrol APRON
Companydispatch DISPATCH
Aeronauticalstation RADIO

1.7.i.2 Whensatisfactorycommuniqation hasbeenestablished, and prov;dethat it will not be

confusing,the narneofthe locationor the call signsuffix may beomitted.

1,7.2Aircraft call sien

1.7.2.1
An aircraft
callsignshallbeofthe followingtype:

a) thecharacters
correspodding
to the registretion
makingofthe VT-CLM or
aircraft; Cessna
VT-CLM

b) thetelephony designator ofthe airoaft operatingagency, AIR INDIA VT- CAB

follo\redby the lastfour chafactelsofthg registfation
making
oflheaircrafi: or
c) thetelephonydesignator ofthe aircraftoperatingagency,
followedby the flight identification. A I RI N D I A] 3 ]
Note: - the nameof the aircraftmanufacturer
or nameof the aircralt modelmay be usedas
radiotelephonyprefixto thetypea) above.

23
 COURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATIONINSTITUTE SUDJDCT
E - ] 4 / I9 , V A S A N TV I H A R . N E WD E L H I ] ] 0 0 5 7 A E R O D R O M [ &
RadioTelphony ( + 9 1| l ) 2 6 1 5 4 2 5 7 / 5 8 , ( + 9 t ) 9 8 ? 3 7 1 6 9 8 7
Aromobile ATC

1.1.2.2Altet satisfactorycommunication has beenestablished,and providedthat no confusionis

likelyto occur,aircfaftcallsignsspecified asfollows:
in | .7.2.1nlaybeabbreviation

le

a) thefirst andat the leasttwo characters

of.theaitcraft VLM or
registrationl CessnaVLM

b) thetelephonydesignatorofthe aircraftoperatinfagency
oi theaircraftr! gistrationt
followedby leasttwo characters A IR INDIA LM

Ibrm.
c) noabbreviated

Note:- theabbrviated arecorresponding

examples to I.7.2.1-

An aircraftshall use its abbreviated

1.7.2.2.1 in this
call sign only after it has beenaddressed
mannerby the aeronauticalstation.

1.'/.2.3An aircraftshall not changeits rype ofcall sign durirrgflight exceptwhen there is a
Iikelihoodthat confusionmay occurbecause of similarcall sign;in suchcases,an aircraftmay be
instructed by an air tratlc controlunit to changethetypeolits call signtemporafily.

1.7.2.4 Aircftft in the heavy wake turbulercecategoryshall include the \'r'ord"HEAVY"

controltower andthe
immediatelyafter the aircraftcall sign in the initial call to the aerodrorne
approachcontrolunil.
 COURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATIONINSTITUTE SUBJXCT
E,i4/l9,VASANT VIHAR,NEWDELHI I IOO57
Radio Telephony ( + 9 1I I ) 2 6 1 5 4 2 5 7 / 5( 8 AIRODROME&
+ .9 t ) 9 8 7 3 7 1 0 9 8 7
Aeromobile ATC ..

ROUTINERT MESSAGES
OF A FLIGHT

A ullgll0lsjlsadBACK in full theATCmessages

listedbelow.

Taxi instructions
Levelinstructions
Heading inshuctions
Runwayin+rse
ATC clearance
Clearanceof Take ofl Land, Back track, Hold short off a runway,
ro Lnt.;r
AltimetefsettinglikeQNH.QFE,QFF
Ffequencychanges
Tfansitionlevel
VDF informalion.

A pilot obtainsclearances
andinlormiitionlor his flight.

PRE DEPARTURN

L Pre-flightcheck
for VHf with a'r Al C unit - Crouwl
for HF with RADIo
2. SELCAL check- Grouncl
3. Time check- Ground
4. Departure information- Glouhd
5. Stad-upclearance / pushback requestilparked aI Aerobidge- Cround
6. ATC clearance folrel
7. Line-up- Tower
8. Take-off- ?by'er

TAKE OFF

L Line up clearance,
ifaircrafl hadbeeDclearedto Taxj Holdingposition_ foy,e/
2. Takeoffclearance- 7or?/

25
 COURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATIONINSTITUTtr SUDJECT
E.I4lIg.VASANT VIHAR,NEWDELH] 1I{)O57 &
AIRODROME
RadioTelephony ( + 9 1l l ) 2 6 1 5 4 2 5 7 / 5( 8
+ .9 1 ) 9 8 7 3 7 1 6 9 8 7
Aeromobile ATC

Preflight Check

,., lE >
i-)<:.=:.
l,r ; /*
tr
AIRCRAFT
DelhiQrcundIndair 861
preflightcheck
Request
Cround/Tower
1rrldir861 Readyoutve
(four/three/two)
Readyou five lrddi 861

Or
Givea testcall

civingtestcall 1,2,3,4,5,5,4,3,2,1
Readyou five
Readyou five 1rldil 861

SELCAL Check
Primary8938;SecondarY 6647
To becarriedout first on and
Secondary lhenon Primary

AIRCRAFT RADIO

,e/ri Radio,lndair861on 6647

Request, JLCM
Selcalcheck,Selcalcombination
lrdail 861,givingSelcalJLCM
normal,changingoverto
Selcaloperating
8938
Clearedto changeover
Delrt Rdolndair861on 8938
requesrSelcalcheck
GivingSelcalon 8938
Selcalopefationnormallnddil
861

26
 INDOPACIFICAVIATIONINSTITUTE
E,I4l]9,VASANTVITIAR,NEW DELHI] 10057
RadioTelephony (+911lJ261442i7
t58,(+9t)9873716987
Aeromobile

Ti m e C heck
r"i)
UTC

lr"
'hl{::i:i.;-).:.lF'
AIRCRAFT
DelhiCro|ndlndab86l
Request
tine check.
GROUND/TOWER
lrdai 861DelhiCroundTime0705
0705,Indab
861

Timeif07:05:30is givenas"0705andhall Time 0700is givenas,,Onthe hour,,

DepaltureInformation
Departure informationconsiststhe lollowing:
Depanure run$c)
Winddirectiooandspeed
QNH
Temp/ Dew point
Visibility/RVR if requifed
Esscntialinforma'ion

DplhiCround,lndair 8ol
Requst
departureinformatioo
Indair 861
Runway27
Wind 290 (degree)05 (knots)
T 32;DP l5
QNH r 0l2
. Visibiliry5 (kms)/ RVR 500meters
. VOR DPN offrhe air
Runway27, QNH 1012,VOR DPN ollthe air

Thatis correct.

27
 COURSE rr,,txipLcmtca.vraTIoNINSTITUTD SUBJXCT
E-I4ll9,VASANT VIHAR,NEWDELH] I Il](]57 &
AORODRONID
RadioTelephony + ,9 1 ) 9 8 7 367918 7
( + 9 1I 1 ) 2 6 1 5 4 2 5 7 / 5( 8 ATC
Aeromobile

Pushbackfor StartuP
ExampleL
AIRCRAFT
Delhi Crotnd Intlair 861,HeavY
onbaad 120
Stand/8, Securitycheckscarfiedout, Persons
RequestPushback,InformalionGoA

GROUND/TOWER
Jndair861Hea'ty
Pushbackappfoved
-|t?dail861
approveG,
Pushback

START UP

Delhi GrcundIndait 861 He vY

onboard120
Stand-18,Securitycheckscardedout, Persons
Requesi Gol/
SranI p. Infofmalion
Indair 861 Hea'ty
startup appfoved
1rldi," 861slartuPat 35,
Startup approved,dail 861
Or
startrp35' Indair 861
I bat ls corfect

Taxi Instruction
AIRCRAFT
Delhi Cto'rndI dair 861, Heaty.
Stand18,ReqTaxi,Information Golf
CROUND/TOWER
to Holding
lrddil 861Cleard
PositionRunway2s,taxiviaBravo'
AlphaandCharlie

HoldingPositionRunway28
Taxi via BravoandCharlie.lndair861

28
 COURSE INDOPACIFICAVIATIONINSTITUTE SUBJDCT
E-14lI9,VASANTVrHAR,NEWDELHI 110057 Af,RODROME
RadioTelephony &
(-r91t 1)26t 542.57/58,
(+9t)987371698',7
Aeromobile ATC

ATC CLEARANCE
ATC cleamncegiven fo rircraft must be w tten by the pilot very carefully and should be
read backfully by him. This is a stringentrequirement.

DelhiTowerIndair 861
Request
ATC clearance
1,id.lir,861is clearedto kolkattaas
pr flight planrouteat Flightlevel
330After departufeclimbstraight
aheadto Flighrlevel70,thenturn
left, climbro flight level330.

,frdai,"861is clearedto kolkaftaas

perflightplanrouteat Flight level
330,Afterdeparture climb straight
aheadto Flightlevel70,thenturn
left,climbto flightlevel330.
This is coffect
Indair 861

TAKE OFF'
AIRCRAFT
DelhiTo\\erIndair 361
Readyfor departure
TOWER
lrdair 861 Clearedfor takoff.
Clearedfor take off,lzdair 861

29
 k.
.'1

Ifyou seea tfainaccidenl

Example.4: thath^sreccntly
takenplace.

Pan-lanPa)-ld ) Pan.Pan
Deihi RadioIC 345
I seea train accident,Engineand
Fourbogiesderailed,Passengers
- Rushingout, Repofiingovef the sile
Position70 milesOutboundJaipur
Reqrrgsl iakeaction
IC 345Rogeryou]Pancall.

WIND SIIEAI].

This js an unusualweatherphenomenon of a bandof stronguind blowihgal lou,

I levelsandexistslor shottdumtionoftimes. Ii afleclslbe landingand rakingofl.air'cralt.
Timr:lykrowledgcofthis is esscntialfor airoraft.An aircr.aftthatfirst expcficnces
this
repoftsto ATC so thatthe subsequent airc|aftcanbe cautionedabouti1.

AIR{JRAFT

DelhiTowerlC 367
wind Shcnrnr8I0 f-.cl
E\pt'flcr,ccd
Lossof airspeed 20 krs,
' Strongright dfift.
lC 367 Dclhi l'owef
. Itoger, Wjod Sheaf

LOW P.\SS

A pilotwhencolllingin lor landin!uponnotgcltingthesilnalin cl)cl(|r jbrJris

undelcaniageofbeingdownwill request to Jlylow pasttheContrcll'orrrcr
lirrvisqrlr:Iccli.

D e l l r li o r v eirC 5 4 0
N o l o c r i f r ' ; n n i . N r i ^ ff ^ r
landinggear(Undercarriage)
RequesiLo$ Pa.s
. IC 540 cleafedforlriw pass
. Not below500 fool
. R/w 28, surfacewil1(l:1700s
QFE 998 hPa.Repodfrinal
ClearedLow Pass, f
Not beJo\r500fccr r'/or &^lrl
IVU 28.QfE aosl,Pa
W;ll repof Final.
 (lapt S.l :iinth
.r0? (lA lt li
M b l :9 8 7 3 7 1 6 9 8978.9 9 5 5 3 5 7 , 1

RADIO COMMUNICATION FAILUIIT

ReceiverFailure

AIRCRAFT sI4-rraN

Rad'oIC 440on2872.
Murnbai (.ecoIdary)
NO RESPONSE
RadioIC 440on2872,(secondary)
Chennai
r\rr\ p raDr\^lcF

NagpurConLrol
IC 440on 123.9.
Do 1ouread
NO RBSPONSE
Any aircmftIC 440on 123.9,
Do yourcad
NO RESPONSE \

MumbaiRadioChennai Radio
IC 440on 10065(Pri)Transmitting
Blinddue \
Receivef lailure.
Position,Mumbai/ChennaiFIR12I 5, FL.330
l{yderobad1230, Colf nexr
Continuingflight to Chcnnaias pcr fligbt ptan
ETA Chennai1300,
# EnduanceJ hrs.
Will rran.nrit againar l2l0 on 6581
I s a )a g a i nM u m b aRi a d i oC h e n n aRi a d i o . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . w ir1r1a n s r na;gr a i na r I 2 3 0 o nt 0 0 6 5
IC 440