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)

: (

-1
1-1
1-1-1
)(




) (Dumb waiter
) (Escalators )
(Ramps )Moving
.(walks
:
- .
- .
- .
- .
)(
.

.
)(
) 4 8
(.
)(

.
)(


)Single-wrap traction
( machine )) (1-1(
)" (S " ) (Deflector sheave )" (T
" ).(Traction sheave
)( )) (1-1(
) (S )
(Idle sheave ) (T )
(S
)) (1-1( 1:1
) (Double-wrap

1/1



)
: (

)( )( )(
1:1 1:1 Roping 2:1 Roping )( )(
Roping double double 1:1 Roping 2:1 Roping,
single wrap wrap underslung

wrap

) :(1-1
)) (1-1( 1:1 )(

) (
.
)) (1-1( 1 : 2 )(
) 2.5 3.5/(


.
)(1-1 )(
)(

10 2/
2000.
)(

) (Motor generator
).(2-1

2/1



)
: (

)( /

).(Static converters
)( ) (Geared machines
500 1500
/
)
(.

1-1-2
)(
)
(.
)(
) 0.75 0.125/(

) (Variable speed )
(Variable voltage )Variable) (VVVF
(voltage, variable frequency

2.2. 75 .. . ) (1-1
.

) :(1-1





)/(
)(
)(
40 - 30 1 0.25 45 15
2-1 55 15

<2 < 50

)(

.
)(
50

3/1



)
: (

5000 2
/ 15. 260..

4/1



)
: (


) (

) :(2-1

5/1



)
: (



) (m/c room less
.
) (3-1 )(
) (4-1 .
)(
375/1500/
.
)(
1500/
.
)(

:

).
( = .


)( .
1500
900 600
1 : 1
) 1200(
50
10 .
1500
3.6/

1/.

) (5-1 .

.


6/1 ) (

( : ) (
) 3 1-



)
: (

) (

:
) (1

.
) (2 /

20 .

(
)
(:

4(1 ) ) 3-

.
- )
/(
) (5-1


) (Rapid acceleration

/.
-
/


.

7/1



)
: (

-

.
-

.

:
VMU :
/ 59

08
09


061

002
082

0001

008
046

025
) :(5-1 .
.

-
50



) (Group demand factor ).(6-1
) (6-1
.
:
) (6-1 1750
3/
36..
0.67
5 :
120 = 0.6736..
/ 80
=

8/1



)
: (


.
1-1-3



/ ) ( .
) (Potential energy

)System regenerative
( braking .
) (6-1

.

9/1



)
: (


69
82
63 2000 kg
75
57 1750 kg
67
50
60 1500 kg
45
52 1250 kg
39
45 1000 kg
33
37.5
27
30
20
22.5
15
15 12 800 kg
9 630 kg
7.5 6 450 kg
3 300 kg
0 0
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
)/

) :( 6-1 .

:
1 : 1
) (5 1750
3/ :
- .
-
0.21 /. ..
:

10/1



)
: (

) (1 /
50
50

70
.
) (2 50
50
90
:
= 36.
) (
80
36
= 45
..
.. / =
0.8
/ =
45. 90 . 70
20 = 5.67..
= 5.67..
=
36. 90 . 50
20 = 3.24..
3.24. .
= 8.91 = 3.54 + 5.67
. /
5 = 44.55 =8.915
. .



.
:


.



:

11/1



)
: (

2 -
70 - 2
50 - 6
10 - 14
32.5
.
=
32.5 24
= (5.67+3.24)0.325. 24.
= 69.5. //

69.5.
0.21 25
=

. .
= 364.86 / /
= 1824.323 /
)(
/


10 25
/

12 1824.3
= 4378.374
20 23

1-1-4

-

/


) 1/(
) 25(
.
) (7-1

.

12/1



)
: (


057


3
:7.6

) :(7-1
750
0.375/ 8

-


.
:

13/1



)
: (

1750
0.625/
30. . 10
/ 6
) 60 :
( :
/ =
30. 10 60 1
= 110. .
2 82

=
4.33 6 110
0.21 ..

/..


= 600 /

:

316.25//

.

1-1-5
-
.
- 0.45/
0.6/

.

20


-





)-1
.(8







7.5



14/1
) :( 8-1
2.5 18.



)
: (

-
)(2-1

) (9-1

.
) (10-1

.

) :(2-1

1210 810 )(
0.45 0.6 0.45 0.6 )/(
7.5 7.5 ).(
6.5 10
13.5 20 2

20
30 3

15/1
) :(10-1
.


)
: (


5
) (

01
2

5
1

( :
) 9 1-
018



50 60.
) (3-1
6.5.

) :(3-1

16/1



)
: (


)( )/( )(
).(
3.75 4.25 0.45 0.6 - 810
5.00 5.2 0.45 0.6 -
5.00 5.20 0.45 -
7.5 6.40 0.45 - 1210
11.2 7.60 0.45 0.6 -

:
) (1 4
).(Single electric feeder
) (2
.
) (3

.
) (4 40

7.5. . :
) 7.50.4. 10250 ~ (3415.2 .../

1-1-6 )(Moving walks and ramps


-
) 5
15 (.
-





.
-

.
- ) (11-1
1 55
.

17/1



)
: (

- ) (12-1
660
1000 .

) :(11-1

) :(12-1

1-2

18/1



)
: (

) (1


.
) (2

.

) (3
.
) (4
.
) (5



).(Control dampers
)(

-
)
(Thermostat .
-



.
) (4-1


.

) :(4-1



)

(2 )../
)( )( ) (
(
2 355 200 1194 350
64 750 200 2559 750
16 - 12 1500 200 6824 2000

19/1



)
: (

)(
-
)(
.
) (13-1
)Window type
(AC

)(.






)(






) :(13-1


)
- (




)(
20/1




)
: (

" " ) (Heat pump



.
-
) (5-1
.

) :(5-1
) (





) (2
)// ) ../
)
( (
(
).(.
).(.
12 10 220/50/1 2.200 1.540 1 12000
18 15 220/50/1 3.750 2.365 1.5 18000
25 20 220/50/1 4.325 3.350 2 24000
30 - 25 220/50/1 -
5.00 4.00 3.00 36000
380/50/3 -

-


) (Split unit ).(14-1
-

.
) (15-1
.

21/1



)
: (
02
51

)(


(:
41 1-
)

009

009




) ( )(

)(

(stinU tilpS 51 )
) :( 1-
) (6-1
)Exposed floor
(or ceiling unit )
.(Concealed unit
15
2 7. . 0.44..
2.25..

22/1



)
: (

) :(6-1 )
(




) (2
) )../

( (
).(. ).(.
12 10 220/50/1 1.5 1.540 1 12000
18 15 220/50/1 1.6
1.930 1.5 18000
25 20 2.670 220/50/1 2.670 2 24000
30 - 25 220/50/1 4.20 3.745 3 36000
40 35 380/50/3 4.50 3.5 3.5 42000
50 40 380/50/3 5.00 4.5 4 48000
60 - 50 380/50/3 7.00 6.25 5 60000

:
.
)(Package units
) (
-

.
-

).(16-1

)(

) ( )(

23/1

(stinU tilpS 61 )
) :( 1-



)
: (

)( )( Central Station Air Conditioning


-


.
- )Water
(chillers ) (Reciprocating
) (Screw ) (Centrifugal
) (Air handling units
)Supply and return
(air fans ) (
)

(
.
- 350

.
- ) (17-1

.

24/1



)
: (

- ) (18-1 .
- ) (19-1


)(Air handling units
.
- ) (7-1

.


) 35( .
.

25/1
) :(17-1
)


: (

26/1






)
: (

) :(7-1

) /3 (2
-- /2 )
) / (2 /2(


-- -- 24 10 30 15 32 42 43 10 10 30

55 18 -- -- -- -- 8 37 32 10 1 10

35 15 37 17 40 18 14 22 65 21 2 3 -

100 37 -- -- -- -- 9 22 65 32 2.5 5

70 30 -- -- -- -- 10 18 130 97 10 19
120 46 -- -- -- -- 6 9 645 162 19 28
-- -- 12 6 12 6 15 26 21 10 2.5 7


20 17 22 18 27 18 15 41 22 10 5 10
Public areas
-- -- 25 16.5 28 18 21 33 32 11 9.5 18.
5
20 16.5 24 16.5 38. 18 18. 31.5 32 11 4 7.5
5 5
33 14.5 14. 4.5 16. 4.5 17. 33.5 97 43 7.5 12
5 5 5 Office buildings
-- -- 14. 4.5 16. 4.5 -- -- 86 21. 9.5 14
5 5 5 Private offices
-- 16.5 -- -- -- -- -- -- 108 54 6. 9.5
5
25. -- 24 9 29. 14 35 56 43 11 19 56
5 5
24 14.5 22 9 25. 13 37 65 32 7.5 19 56
5
36. 16.5 38. 22 68 33 7.5 12.5 21. 162 1. 1.5
5 5 5 2
22 16.5 33 11 55 27.5 9.5 14 -- -- -- --

36. 12.8 47. 11 77 27.5 10 22 97 32 2. 4.2
5 5 3
22 16.5 -- -- -- -- 21 31.5 43 21. 1. 2.8
5 9
36. 14.5 -- -- -- -- 14 32.5 97 37. 1. 4.2
5 5 5

27/1



)
: (

20 14.5 -- -- -- -- 26 37 37. 21. 3. 7


5 5 7
24 11 25. 12.8 29. 14.5 17 32 43 11 2. 4.5
5 5 8
20 13 33 18.5 55 29 10 16.5 32 11 1. 3.25
6
24 9 29 11 38. 12.8 11 32 54 16 1. 3.25
5 4

22 14.5 33 18 -- -- 14 28 32 11 1. 4.5
9
46 20 -- -- -- 22 15 34 21. 11 4. 9.3 Malls
5 6

:
26. -- -
5
22. -- - /
3
18. -- -
5
35 -- -

) (20-1 -
.
850 -
380 50//
/
) (Soft starters
3300 6600
750. .
).(19-1
-
) (Cooling by Absorption 1000

) (Direct fire )
(Lithium bromide


.
-

.

28/1



)
: (

- ) (20-1
.
-




.
- ) (21-1
330 40
..

) :(18-1

) :(19-1 )(


29/1



)
: (

850

45

55

) :(20-1
) :(21-1


1-3
)(
) (1 )
(
) 3.5 4.8(

) 0.35 1.35(
.
) (2 30 )
10( )

( )
(

) 1.5

30/1



)
: (

. (. ) (Expansion tank
.
) (3
7.5. .
).(Level switch
.

.
) (22-1

64
.
) (4
) (Expansion tank
) .(Pressure-stat ) (23-1
.





) (Jokey pump


.
) (5



) (23-1.

31/1



)
: (

3

46


64
2


3



3
2
24

45


1
) :(22-1






2


1

1
23



2nd





1


) (
)(


) ( ) (
32/1
32
) :( 1-




)
: (

) (24-1

.
6

.
2.98 6. .
2900/ 380/50/3 40
/3 5.
) (P )-1
(1:
.Q H
P 0.746 KW
75

)(1-1
:
) /(
3
: Q
)( : H
) ( 80 :
= ) 1000/ (
3
:

33/1



)
: (

)(
4 10

) (
) (2

) :(24-1 )(Booster pumps



.

) (8-1
) (10 380 .

) :(8-1
) (10



). ( ) /3(
5.5 18
7.5 21.6
7.5 22.4

)(

34/1



)
: (

) (1
40
/3 10
22. . 2900/
.380/50/3
) (2

.
) (3
) ( .

) (1

)Jokey
(pump ) (Header

.
) (2 ) (9-1
.
) (3 ) (25-1 .

) :(9-1
) (10 380/50/3



). ( )/(
15 1
20 1500 2
35 3
77 2900 4
102 5
130 6
155 7
175 8

35/1



)
: (

205 9

) :(25-1


) (
) (1


.
) (2
.
) (3 ) (26-1 )
( ) (Waste water

.
) (4 ) (27-1
) (28-1
.

36/1



)
: (

) (5
) (28-1 10. .
15..
380/50/3
.
) (6

.
.
) (7 ):(2-1
Q.H .
P ] 0.746 [kW
75

)(1-2
:
: ) /3( : Q
)( : H
.
:
5
= ) 1000 1200
.Y / (3
. 4
) ( 75
7 : 4
2
. 2
6

.


)(.

.

3

.

8
1
1
1 8

37/1



)
: (

) :(26-1

) ( )( )(


.
59

53

72
) :( 1-

) :(28-1 )(Sewage pumps

)(

38/1



)
: (

) (1

.
) (2
26.5
) .
) (3


16 ) (.


) (10-1 )(
) (




)(
) (
100 70 50 30
1.2. . 4.5
..

39/1



)
: (

) (10-1
) (
1 1 1
1 to 1 2
2 to 2 2
3 to 3 2
1 2 3 2 3 4 5 3 4 5 6

75 115 150 150 190 190 250 140 250 250 300

2.5 3.5 4.5 4.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 5.5

115 170 225 220 270 270 330 270 330 380 385


3 55 68 68 84 84 84 84 84 84 84
)/(
1
2
* :
.
)( ) (

22. 380/50/3

.

40/1

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