Adjust the different control inputs, like fuel, air, water makeup to match the electrical output

of the unit.
Maintain proper cooling of the different teeajing surfaces, by assuring lubrication and heat
dissipation by cooling.
Maintain salient levels in the different subsystems.
Maintain the specified pressure and temperature and levels at various points. Normally,
automatic devices are provided but the operation engineers should be able to intervene and
modulate the control to maintain the parameters within the specified limits.
Maintain proper chemical conditions and concentrations.
Watch the mechanical behaviors of all moving equipment-noise, vibration, bearing lubrication,
cooling, control valves and dampers etc.

1.4 UNIT OPERATION

Unit system is the trend of the day. An unit consists of a boiler, a turbine (single or multicylinder)
and a generator coupled with turbine along with their auxiliaries and subsystems. The unit is, infact, a
self contained power station in its own right, and on load producesthepoweito drive its own auxiliaries
via its unit transformed.
The main functions of unit operation are :
i) Starting and loading
ii) On load activity
iii) Off loading and shut down.
Operating procedures vary from unit to unit due to differences in unit si?es, design criteria,
auxiliary systems, manufacturer etc. Still there are some common basic steps which are to be followed
systematically to ensure smooth operation of any unit.
1.4.1 Unit Start Up and Loading
STAGE-1 : Preparation (Pre-start checks, ensuring availability of fuel and
other essential services)
STAGE-2 : Pressure raising on boiler
STAGE-3 : Putting turbine on barring gear
STAGE-4 : Steam admission to turbine and running it to speed
STAGE-5 : Synchronising and loading.
14.1.1 STAGE-1
Preparation for unit operation involve the following :
i) Checking supplies
ii) Checking availability of services,
iii) Investigation of Permit to work (PTW) system.