Rocks and Soil

1. Sedimentary Rock - grains of sediment that are compacted and cemented

together, also known as the sandwich rock

2. Metamorphic Rock - rock formed from intense heat and pressure in the mantle,
also known as the changing rock

3. Igneous Rock - rock formed when magma cools and solidifies, also known as
the fire rock

4. Composition - the chemical makeup of a rock; describes either the minerals or

other materials in the rock

5. Rock Cycle - the series of processes in which a rock forms, changes from one
type to another, is destroyed, and forms again by geological processes

6. Erosion - the process by which wind, water, ice or gravity transports soil and
sediment from one location to another

7. Parent Rock - a rock formation that is the source of mineral fragments in soil

8. Soil - a loose mixture of rock fragments, organic material, water, and air that can
support the growth of vegetation

9. Soil PH - influences which nutrients will be available to plants from soil

10. Weathering - process by which rock materials are broken down by physical or
chemical processes

11. Soil Texture - the soil quality that is based on the proportions of soil particles

12. Soil Conservation - method to maintain the fertility of the soil by protecting the
soil from erosion and nutrient loss