1

1.1

1.
: ,
.

2.
:

3.
:
.

4.
: ( + ) = +
( + )( + ) = + + +

5.

1.
:
.
.

.
.
 2

2.
: .



,
.

3.
: +
+ = ( + ) = ( + )
( )

1.

i) 2 3 + 5
ii) 3 + 4 8 3 + 2
iii) 2x 3 + 5x + 12 6x +1
i) 2x 3y + 5x 4y + 2 x

3
i) 2 3 + 5 = (2 3 + 5 1) = 3
ii) 3 + 4 8 3 + 2 = (3 + 4 8 3 + 2) = 2
iii) 2x 3 + 5x + 12 6x +1 = 2x + 5x 6x 3 + 12 + 1 = x + 10
i) 2x 3y + 5x 4y + 2 x = 2x + 5x x 3y 4y + 2
= 6x 7y + 2
 3

2.

= 2x 3(x 3y) + 4(y + x) x( 1 + y) + y(x + 4)

i) x = 2 y = 3
ii) x = 5 y = 1
iii) x = 1 y = 2

= 2x 3(x 3y) + 4(y + x) x( 1 + y) + y(x + 4) =
1
= 2x 3x + 9y + 4y + 4x + x xy + yx + 4y =
= 4x + 17y
i)
x = 2 y = 3 1 = 42 + 173 =
= 8 + 51 =
= 59
ii)
x = 5 y = 1 2 = 4( 5 ) + 171 =
= 20 + 17 =
= 3
iii)
x = 1 y = 2 3 = 4( 1 ) + 17( 2) =
= 4 34 =
= 38

3.

30 , 50
1,10 .

i) N

ii) 12 4 , ;

i)
x y .
0,50 x
1,10y

= 0,50 x + 1,10y + 30
ii)
x = 12 y = 4 1 = 0,50 12 + 1,10 4 + 30 =
= 6 + 4,40 + 30 =
= 40,40
40,40
 4

4.
0,20
10 .
i) ,
.
ii) A 23% ,

.
iii) 50 ,
) , ) .

i)
x .
0,20x .
20 ,

= 0,20x + 20 (1)
ii)
23
= 0,23 (0,20x + 20) =
100
= 0,046x + 4,6

23
= + = 0,20x + 20 + 0,046x + 4,6 =
100
= 0,246x + 24,6 (2)
iii)
) x = 50 (1) = 0,2050 + 20 = 10 + 20 = 30
) x = 50 (2) = 0,24650 + 24,6 = 12,3 + 24,6 = 36,9
 5

5.

= 12 + 4( x + 6) 4( 7 y) , B = 8(x + y) 5 + 6(x +3) 6(5 y)

1
i) x + y = 5 , ii) x + y = , iii) x + y = 0, 6
4

= 12 + 4( x + 6) 4( 7 y) = 12 + 4x + 24 28 + 4y =
= 4x + 4y 16
B = 8(x + y) 5 + 6(x +3) 6(5 y) = 8x 8 y 5 + 6x +18 30 + 6y =
= 2x 2 y 17
i) 3
x + y = 5 1 = 4x + 4y 16 =
= 4( x + y) 16 =
= 4( 5 ) 16 =
= 20 16 = 36
B1 = 2x 2 y 17 =
= 2(x + y) 17 =
= 2( 5) 17=
= 10 17 = 7
ii)
1 1
x + y = 2 = 4 16 = 1 16 = 15
4 4
1 35
2 = 2 17 =
4 2
iii)
x + y = 0, 6 3 = 40,6 16 = 2,4 16 = 13,6
3 = 20,6 17 = 1,2 17 = 18,2
 6

6.
:

= 2,89x + 70,64 ( )

= 2,75x + 71,48 ( )

x cm .
0,45 m.
) , ;
)

0,45 m = 0,45 100 cm = 45cm
)
x = 45 1 = 2,89 45 + 70 ,64 =
= 130,05 + 70,64 =
= 200,69
200, 69cm = 200,69 : 100 = 2,0069 m
)
x = 45 1 = 2,75 45 + 71 ,48 =
= 123,75 + 71,48 =
= 195,23
195, 23cm = 195,23 : 100 = 1,9523 m

7.
2cm
.

.
2 m ;

x , x + 2
cm = x + 2 + x + 2 + x = 3x + 4
x = 2 1 = 32 + 4 = 10 cm
 7

8.
x + y = 5.

x+2

2x-3 y+5
y
y +2

y+4

x+1

= 2x 3 + y + 5 + y + 4 =
= 2x + 2y + 6
= x + 2 + y + 2 + x + 1 + y =
= 2x + 2y + 5
x + y = 5, 1 = 2x + 2y + 6 =
= 2(x + y ) + 6 =
= 25 + 6 = 16

1 = 2x + 2y + 5 = 2(x + y ) + 5 = 25 + 5 = 15

9.

(2 + x) ( x +1) , ( + ) ( + ) , 2( + 5) 3(1 2y) + 4( + y)

(2 + x) ( x +1) = 2x + 2 x2 + x = x2 x + 2 4
( + ) ( + ) = + + + = +
2( + 5) 3(1 2y) + 4( + y) = 2 + 10 3 + 6 y + 4 + 4y = 6 + 10 y + 7

10.

= 2(3 x) + y(5 + x) + 2x 4 5y xy = 2.

= 2(3 x) + y(5 + x) + 2x 4 5y =
= 6 2x + 5y +xy + 2x 4 5y =
= 2 + xy
xy = 2 1 = 2 + ( 2 ) = 2 2 = 0